【摘要】：“體操”一詞含義廣泛,包含內(nèi)容豐富多樣,并且擁有非常悠久的歷史,該詞最初出現(xiàn)于古希臘。當(dāng)時(shí),體操是所有鍛煉身體活動(dòng)的總稱,是現(xiàn)代“體育”代名詞。后來(lái)隨著體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展和人們對(duì)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)研究的不斷深入,體操逐漸自成體系,慢慢發(fā)展成為我們現(xiàn)在理解的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)。體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)作技術(shù)是在尊重人體生理特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的,對(duì)人體,特別是青少年身體健康發(fā)展具有重要意義。體操運(yùn)動(dòng)內(nèi)容豐富,形式多樣,能夠很好地促進(jìn)鍛煉者骨骼和肌肉生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,發(fā)展力量、靈敏、協(xié)調(diào)、柔韌,平衡能力等身體素質(zhì),形成健美體形,并且從事體操運(yùn)動(dòng)有益于心理健康發(fā)展,因此體操一直以來(lái)都是學(xué)校體育中的重要教學(xué)內(nèi)容。自1982年國(guó)家重新頒布《國(guó)家體育鍛煉標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中,取消體操鍛煉內(nèi)容后,體操在學(xué)校的地位開(kāi)始下滑,逐漸的被忽略,其對(duì)人體身心健康發(fā)展的重要作用也得不到很好地發(fā)揮,甚至發(fā)展至今,體操除了基本體操之外,其他體操內(nèi)容幾乎不會(huì)在學(xué)校體育課堂(特別是黑龍江省中小學(xué)體育課)上出現(xiàn),人們對(duì)體操的認(rèn)識(shí)也越來(lái)越少,甚至出現(xiàn)了誤區(qū),學(xué)校競(jìng)技體操內(nèi)容更是雪上加霜,多數(shù)人認(rèn)為競(jìng)技體操只應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在競(jìng)技賽場(chǎng)上,不適合學(xué)校體育和群眾鍛煉身體。筆者通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)資料法、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法、專家訪談法等研究方法對(duì)學(xué)校體育競(jìng)技體操教師人才培養(yǎng)狀況進(jìn)行調(diào)查分析,發(fā)現(xiàn):一、黑龍江省學(xué)校競(jìng)技體操教師人才缺乏;二、學(xué)校體育競(jìng)技體操教師人才培養(yǎng)輸出較少,現(xiàn)入職教師人才繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)狀況機(jī)會(huì)較少無(wú)法滿足學(xué)校競(jìng)技體操教學(xué)對(duì)教師人才的需求;三、高校體育院系培養(yǎng)出的人才不能勝任學(xué)校體育中教材規(guī)定的競(jìng)技體操教學(xué)內(nèi)容的任務(wù)�；谏鲜鰡�(wèn)題,筆者通過(guò)咨詢相關(guān)專家、查閱文獻(xiàn)以及調(diào)查,建議:加大現(xiàn)入職教師人才繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)的力度;嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行教材規(guī)定內(nèi)容保證隱性人才培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量;提高未來(lái)學(xué)校競(jìng)技體操教師人才培養(yǎng)數(shù)量、質(zhì)量;加強(qiáng)高校體育院系體操專業(yè)教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)等建議,以期探索出解決目前發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的解決對(duì)策,為我國(guó)學(xué)校體育體操的發(fā)展獻(xiàn)計(jì)獻(xiàn)策。
[Abstract]:The word "gymnastics" has a wide range of meanings, rich and diverse contents, and has a very long history. It first appeared in ancient Greece. At that time, gymnastics was the general name of all exercise activities, is synonymous with modern sports. Later, with the development of sports and the deepening of people's research on sports, gymnastics gradually became its own system and slowly developed into the gymnastics we now understand. The movement technology of gymnastics is designed with respect for the physiological characteristics of the human body, which is of great significance to the healthy development of the human body, especially the young people. Gymnastics is rich in content and various forms, which can promote the growth and development of bones and muscles, develop strength, sensitivity, coordination, flexibility, balance and other physical qualities, so as to form a bodybuilding body. And engaged in gymnastics is beneficial to the development of mental health, so gymnastics has always been an important teaching content in school physical education. Since 1982, when the state repromulgated the National physical exercise Standard, after abolishing the content of gymnastics exercise, the position of gymnastics in the school began to decline, gradually ignored, and its important role in the development of human physical and mental health has not been brought into full play. Even up to now, in addition to basic gymnastics, other gymnastics contents will hardly appear in school physical education classes (especially in primary and secondary schools in Heilongjiang Province), and people have less and less understanding of gymnastics, and even misunderstandings have appeared. The content of school competitive gymnastics is even worse, most people think that competitive gymnastics should only appear in the competitive stadium, not suitable for school sports and mass exercise. Through the methods of literature, questionnaire, expert interview and other research methods, the author investigates and analyzes the talent training situation of school sports competitive gymnastics teachers, and finds that: first, there is a lack of talents for school competitive gymnastics teachers in Heilongjiang Province; Second, the output of talent training for school sports competitive gymnastics teachers is less, and there are few opportunities for teachers to continue to cultivate teachers, which can not meet the needs of teachers in competitive gymnastics teaching in schools. Third, the talents cultivated by the physical education departments of colleges and universities are not competent for the task of teaching content of competitive gymnastics in the teaching materials of school physical education. Based on the above problems, the author consulted the relevant experts, consulted the literature and investigated, and suggested that: strengthen the continuing training of current teachers, strictly implement the provisions of teaching materials to ensure the quality of hidden personnel training; To improve the quantity and quality of talent training for competitive gymnastics teachers in schools in the future; Some suggestions are put forward to strengthen the construction of gymnastic teachers in colleges and universities in order to find out the solutions to the problems found at present and to offer suggestions for the development of physical gymnastics in schools in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G832;G807

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