【摘要】：皮層運動區(qū)是隨意運動起始和終止的高級中樞,基底神經(jīng)節(jié)是皮層下一些相互聯(lián)系的神經(jīng)核團的總稱,在錐體外系的易化系統(tǒng)中居于中心地位。運動指令由皮層運動區(qū)發(fā)出,經(jīng)基底神經(jīng)節(jié)整合處理后再經(jīng)丘腦回傳至皮層運動區(qū)(皮層-基底神經(jīng)節(jié)-丘腦-皮層環(huán)路),最終實現(xiàn)對隨意運動功能的調(diào)控。端腦內(nèi)側(cè)束(intratelencephalic,IT)和錐體束(pyramidal tract,PT)神經(jīng)元是皮層內(nèi)的2類錐體神經(jīng)元,2者與基底神經(jīng)節(jié)各核團之間存在密切的纖維聯(lián)系,在運動調(diào)節(jié)中發(fā)揮著不同的調(diào)控作用。作者以IT和PT為切入點,對它們在皮層內(nèi)的分布和形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)特征以及在隨意運動調(diào)控中的作用等方面的研究進行綜述,以期為運動性疲勞中樞機制的研究以及靶向干預(yù)提供必要的理論依據(jù)和新的思路。
[Abstract]:The cortical motor region is an advanced center that starts and terminates at random. The basal ganglion is the general name of some interlinked nuclei in the subcortical area, and plays a central role in the facilitation system of the extrapyramidal system. The motor commands are issued from the cortical motor area and then transmitted back to the cortical motor area (cortex-basal ganglia-thalamus-cortical loop) after the basal ganglion integration. Intratelencephalic,IT and pyramidal tract,PT neurons are two types of pyramidal neurons in the cortex. There are close fiber connections between the two neurons and the basal ganglion nuclei, which play different roles in motor regulation. With IT and PT as the starting point, the author reviews their distribution, morphological and structural characteristics in the cortex and their role in the regulation of random motion. In order to provide the necessary theoretical basis and new ideas for the study of the central mechanism of exercise fatigue and targeted intervention.
【作者單位】： 北京師范大學(xué)體育與運動學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(編號:31571221) 北京市自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(編號:5142012)
【分類號】：G804.2

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