【摘要】：隨著競技比賽越來越激烈和殘酷,比賽取勝的關(guān)鍵因素,不僅僅是技術(shù)的比拼,更多的是體能的較量。加強(qiáng)體能訓(xùn)練作為競技水平提高的有效方法,已經(jīng)被專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)推廣實(shí)施。體能訓(xùn)練不僅可以提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員的運(yùn)動(dòng)能力、預(yù)防運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷、最終提升運(yùn)動(dòng)成績,而且專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練在激流回旋項(xiàng)目訓(xùn)練體系中占有重要的位置,尤其在激流回旋運(yùn)動(dòng)員通過逆水門,更需要運(yùn)動(dòng)員準(zhǔn)確的控制肌肉完成動(dòng)作,良好的肌肉力量來完成整個(gè)技術(shù)動(dòng)作的協(xié)調(diào)性,所以說提高專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練水平是運(yùn)動(dòng)員獲得優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)成績的主要途徑之一。在我國對激流回旋這一項(xiàng)目的專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練雖然有一定的研究,但研究尚不成系統(tǒng),陸上體能訓(xùn)練與水上技術(shù)訓(xùn)練還存在銜接上的脫節(jié),即陸地上訓(xùn)練出來的運(yùn)動(dòng)能力無法轉(zhuǎn)換到專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練上。陸上體能訓(xùn)練的安排、訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容與方法還不能滿足專項(xiàng)技術(shù)訓(xùn)練要求。符合專項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)特點(diǎn)的體能訓(xùn)練是激流回旋運(yùn)動(dòng)員所急需的。本研究以四川省激流回旋項(xiàng)目專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練方案的實(shí)證研究作為研究對象,闡述該項(xiàng)目制定專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練具體實(shí)施與評價(jià),促進(jìn)我國在該項(xiàng)目專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練的研究發(fā)展,使競技運(yùn)動(dòng)水平得到進(jìn)一步提高。本研究運(yùn)用了文獻(xiàn)資料法、專家訪談法、問卷調(diào)查法、實(shí)驗(yàn)法、觀察法、數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)法等研究方法,以四川省激流回旋項(xiàng)目專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練方案為實(shí)驗(yàn)研究對象,經(jīng)過長期跟隊(duì)研究,得出以下結(jié)論:1.通過體能準(zhǔn)備階段訓(xùn)練運(yùn)動(dòng)員的靈活性和穩(wěn)定性有了很大提高,尤其是肩關(guān)節(jié)和髖關(guān)節(jié)的靈活性以及腰部的穩(wěn)定性有的顯著的提高。在體能提高階段,運(yùn)動(dòng)員最大力量有著顯著提高。在體能鞏固階段,最大力量雖然沒有提高但是沒有下降,但是專項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力上有著顯著的提高。2.通過12周三個(gè)階段的實(shí)證研究,運(yùn)動(dòng)員在FMS測試、最大力量、力量耐力、旋轉(zhuǎn)爆發(fā)力和核心區(qū)穩(wěn)定性這五項(xiàng)測試六個(gè)指標(biāo)與剛開始訓(xùn)練前或每個(gè)階段前一次測試數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分的數(shù)據(jù)都有明顯的增長,具有顯著差異性。3.根據(jù)教練員的具體要求并且結(jié)合運(yùn)動(dòng)員的實(shí)際情況,制定三個(gè)階段的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃,即:體能準(zhǔn)備階段、體能提高階段和體能鞏固階段。每個(gè)階段針對運(yùn)動(dòng)員的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同來制定訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃。實(shí)施過程中,本人全程監(jiān)控并實(shí)施,每個(gè)階段訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容都高質(zhì)量完成,每個(gè)階段后都會進(jìn)行體能測試進(jìn)行評估。通過四次體能測試成績進(jìn)行分析結(jié)果來看提升4.幅度比較明顯,得到了四川激流回旋教練的認(rèn)可。
[Abstract]:As the competition becomes more and more fierce and cruel, the key factor to win the competition is not only the competition of technology, but also the contest of physical ability. As an effective method to improve competitive level, physical training has been popularized and implemented by professional sports teams. Physical fitness training can not only improve athletes' sports ability, prevent sports injury, but also play an important role in the training system of torrent raceway. Especially when the torrent runner passes through the countercurrent gate, it is even more necessary for the athlete to accurately control the muscle to complete the movement and to achieve the coordination of the whole technical action with good muscle strength. Therefore, to improve the level of special physical training is one of the main ways for athletes to obtain excellent sports results. Although there is a certain amount of research on the special physical fitness training of the torrent roundabout project in our country, the research is still not systematic, and there is still a disconnect between the land physical fitness training and the water technical training. That is, the land training out of the exercise ability can not be converted to special training. The arrangement, content and method of land physical training can not meet the requirements of special technical training. Physical training, which accords with the characteristics of special sports, is badly needed by torrent gyroathletes. This study takes the specific physical fitness training scheme of Sichuan Rift Roundabout Project as the research object, expounds the specific implementation and evaluation of the specific physical fitness training made by the project, and promotes the research and development of the special physical fitness training in this project in China. The level of competitive sports has been further improved. This study uses the methods of literature, expert interview, questionnaire, experiment, observation, data statistics and so on, and takes the special physical fitness training scheme of Sichuan Rift Roundabout Project as the experimental research object. After a long period of research with the team, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. The flexibility and stability of athletes trained through physical preparation stage have been greatly improved, especially the flexibility of shoulder and hip joint and the stability of waist. In the physical improvement stage, the athlete maximum strength has the remarkable enhancement. During the period of physical strength consolidation, the maximum strength did not increase but did not decrease, but the special sports ability increased significantly. 2. 2. Based on a 12-week three-stage empirical study, the athletes were compared with the data from the FMS test, the maximum strength test, the strength endurance, the rotating explosive force, and the stability of the core area with the test data just before training or before each stage. Found that most of the data have a significant increase, with significant differences. According to the specific requirements of coaches and combined with the actual situation of athletes, the training plan of three stages is formulated, namely: physical preparation stage, physical improvement stage and physical consolidation stage. At each stage, the training plan is made according to the different emphasis of the athletes. In the implementation process, I monitor and implement the whole process, each stage of training content is completed high-quality, after each stage will be evaluated by physical fitness tests. According to the results of four physical fitness tests, the increase was 4. 5%. The amplitude is quite obvious, got Sichuan torrent roundabout coach's approval.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G861.4

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