山東省體校學生“學訓”結合狀況及模式重構研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-03 13:48
【摘要】：隨著競技體育的發(fā)展,現(xiàn)在的體育比賽已是綜合化的競爭,不但要求運動員體力好,還要求其運動技能、智力水平、心理能力、知識能力、及綜合素質都要高,隨著競技體育的發(fā)展以及社會對競技體育人才的需求,越來越需要培養(yǎng)出全面發(fā)展型競技體育人才,然而就當下來看,制約著全面發(fā)展競技體育人才培養(yǎng)的學訓矛盾仍然存在。為了促進學訓矛盾轉化成學訓互贏,使體校學生在擁有較高訓練水平的同時還能具有一定的文化素養(yǎng),本人選取了山東省體校學訓結合全面發(fā)展模式重構作為研究選題。本文采用調查法、文獻資料法、訪談法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法等多種研究方法,以山東省部分城市:青島、濟南、威海、棗莊、濱州、淄博、日照、東營、濟寧、泰安、萊蕪、菏澤12市體育運動學校的部分體校學生、文化課教師、教練員、以及管理人員作為調查對象,對山東省12市體校學訓結合的現(xiàn)狀進行分析。針對近年來體校學訓結合存在的問題,探討應對的辦法,提出一個較新的改革模式,研究得出的結論如下:(1)山東省文化課教師中,中青年教師比例較大,以本科學歷為主,初、中級職稱居多,來源于師范院校占多半。(2)學生重訓輕學,表現(xiàn)在對訓練態(tài)度較為認真,參加訓練比較積極,但對文化課學習的認識程度不高,大多數(shù)學生對文化課不感興趣,出勤和聽課都表現(xiàn)較差,學生課外基本不學習。大部分運動員每年參加比賽3-6次,占用了大量的學習時間,比賽和學習不能同時兼顧,影響了運動員掌握文化課知識。學校缺乏相應的思想教育和嚴格的考核管理,導致學生文化課成績普遍不高。(3)教練員以培養(yǎng)金牌運動員為主,對運動員文化課學習關心相對不夠,與文化課老師溝通較少。(4)學校只看重訓練成績,沒有組織學生進行入學文化課考試。對學生文化課學習成績獎勵額度較低,大多數(shù)在100-200元之間。教師對教學大綱嚴格執(zhí)行缺乏靈活性,無法結合運動員參賽狀況具體實施,使比賽與文化課不能根據(jù)實際協(xié)調進行。(5)體校課程設置基本可以滿足學生的文化課學習需求,但是課程科目開設的種類不齊全,體育基礎理論課和技術課缺失現(xiàn)象嚴重。(6)各體育運動學校表面上按照國家有關政策執(zhí)行學訓結合,但實際上在體校管理措施中把運動訓練管理、文化課教學管理,有機結合在一起。(7)體育部門為提高運動員訓練水平和比賽取得好成績,只重視專項能力培養(yǎng),體育局和教育局在體校學訓結合培養(yǎng)全面發(fā)展人才方面有待加強。(8)初步建立了山東省體校學生"學訓"結合模式,包括:領導、教師、教練、學生、家長"五位一體"學訓結合子模式;訓練課、文化課、課外一體化學訓結合子模式;比賽過程與文化輔導一體化學訓結合子模式;學習成績與參賽掛鉤學訓結合子模式;學習成績、訓練表現(xiàn)、參賽成績綜合評定學訓結合子模式。
[Abstract]:With the development of competitive sports, the present sports competition is a comprehensive competition, which not only requires the athletes to have good physical strength, but also requires their sports skills, intellectual level, psychological ability, knowledge ability, and comprehensive quality to be high. With the development of competitive sports and the demand of the society for competitive sports talents, it is more and more necessary to cultivate the all-round development of competitive sports talents. However, at present, the contradiction of learning and training that restricts the all-round development of competitive sports talent training still exists. In order to promote the contradiction between learning and training to turn into mutual win of learning and training, so that the students of sports school have higher training level and have certain cultural accomplishment at the same time, I choose Shandong sports school combined with comprehensive development model reconstruction as the research topic. In this paper, some research methods, such as investigation, literature, interview, mathematical statistics and so on, are used to study some cities in Shandong Province: Qingdao, Jinan, Weihai, Zaozhuang, Binzhou, Zibo, Rizhao, Dongying, Jining, Tai'an, Laiwu, etc. Part of sports school students, culture teachers, coaches and managers in 12 sports schools in Heze were investigated, and the present situation of the combination of learning and training in 12 sports schools in Shandong Province was analyzed. In view of the problems existing in the combination of physical education and training in recent years, this paper discusses the countermeasures and puts forward a relatively new reform model. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the proportion of young and middle-aged teachers in Shandong Province is relatively large. At the beginning of the year, the majority of the students came from normal colleges and universities. (2) the students pay more attention to training than to study, which is shown by their serious attitude towards training and active participation in training, but the level of understanding of cultural study is not high. Most students are not interested in cultural classes, attendance and attendance are poor, students do not learn after school. Most athletes take part in competitions 3-6 times a year, which takes up a lot of study time, and the competition and study can not be taken into account at the same time, which affects the athletes to master the knowledge of culture class. Due to the lack of corresponding ideological education and strict examination management, the students' achievement in cultural class is generally not high. (3) coaches focus on the training of gold-medal athletes, and they pay relatively little attention to the study of athletes' cultural lessons. Communication with culture teachers is less. (4) the school only values training results and does not organize students to take entrance examination. To the student culture class study achievement reward quota is low, most is in 100-200 yuan. The teachers lack flexibility to strictly implement the syllabus, and can not carry out the competition and culture courses according to the actual conditions of athletes' participation. (5) the curriculum of sports school can basically meet the needs of students' learning of cultural courses. However, the types of courses offered are not complete, and the lack of basic theory courses and technical courses of physical education is serious. (6) on the surface, all sports schools carry out the combination of learning and training in accordance with the relevant policies of the state. But in fact, in the management measures of sports school, the management of sports training and the management of culture teaching are combined organically. (7) in order to improve the training level of athletes and achieve good results in competitions, the sports departments only attach importance to the cultivation of special abilities. The sports bureau and the education bureau need to strengthen in the aspect of training the all-round development talented person in the sports school. (8) preliminarily established the Shandong Province sports school student "study training" the union pattern, including: the leadership, the teacher, the coach, the student, Parents "five-in-one" learning and training combined sub-model; Training class, culture class, extracurricular integration learning and training combination sub-model, competition process and cultural guidance integrated learning and training integration sub-model, learning results and participation in the combination of learning and training sub-model; Study achievement, training performance, competition performance comprehensive evaluation of learning and training combined with sub-model.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G807.7
本文編號：2307973
[Abstract]:With the development of competitive sports, the present sports competition is a comprehensive competition, which not only requires the athletes to have good physical strength, but also requires their sports skills, intellectual level, psychological ability, knowledge ability, and comprehensive quality to be high. With the development of competitive sports and the demand of the society for competitive sports talents, it is more and more necessary to cultivate the all-round development of competitive sports talents. However, at present, the contradiction of learning and training that restricts the all-round development of competitive sports talent training still exists. In order to promote the contradiction between learning and training to turn into mutual win of learning and training, so that the students of sports school have higher training level and have certain cultural accomplishment at the same time, I choose Shandong sports school combined with comprehensive development model reconstruction as the research topic. In this paper, some research methods, such as investigation, literature, interview, mathematical statistics and so on, are used to study some cities in Shandong Province: Qingdao, Jinan, Weihai, Zaozhuang, Binzhou, Zibo, Rizhao, Dongying, Jining, Tai'an, Laiwu, etc. Part of sports school students, culture teachers, coaches and managers in 12 sports schools in Heze were investigated, and the present situation of the combination of learning and training in 12 sports schools in Shandong Province was analyzed. In view of the problems existing in the combination of physical education and training in recent years, this paper discusses the countermeasures and puts forward a relatively new reform model. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the proportion of young and middle-aged teachers in Shandong Province is relatively large. At the beginning of the year, the majority of the students came from normal colleges and universities. (2) the students pay more attention to training than to study, which is shown by their serious attitude towards training and active participation in training, but the level of understanding of cultural study is not high. Most students are not interested in cultural classes, attendance and attendance are poor, students do not learn after school. Most athletes take part in competitions 3-6 times a year, which takes up a lot of study time, and the competition and study can not be taken into account at the same time, which affects the athletes to master the knowledge of culture class. Due to the lack of corresponding ideological education and strict examination management, the students' achievement in cultural class is generally not high. (3) coaches focus on the training of gold-medal athletes, and they pay relatively little attention to the study of athletes' cultural lessons. Communication with culture teachers is less. (4) the school only values training results and does not organize students to take entrance examination. To the student culture class study achievement reward quota is low, most is in 100-200 yuan. The teachers lack flexibility to strictly implement the syllabus, and can not carry out the competition and culture courses according to the actual conditions of athletes' participation. (5) the curriculum of sports school can basically meet the needs of students' learning of cultural courses. However, the types of courses offered are not complete, and the lack of basic theory courses and technical courses of physical education is serious. (6) on the surface, all sports schools carry out the combination of learning and training in accordance with the relevant policies of the state. But in fact, in the management measures of sports school, the management of sports training and the management of culture teaching are combined organically. (7) in order to improve the training level of athletes and achieve good results in competitions, the sports departments only attach importance to the cultivation of special abilities. The sports bureau and the education bureau need to strengthen in the aspect of training the all-round development talented person in the sports school. (8) preliminarily established the Shandong Province sports school student "study training" the union pattern, including: the leadership, the teacher, the coach, the student, Parents "five-in-one" learning and training combined sub-model; Training class, culture class, extracurricular integration learning and training combination sub-model, competition process and cultural guidance integrated learning and training integration sub-model, learning results and participation in the combination of learning and training sub-model; Study achievement, training performance, competition performance comprehensive evaluation of learning and training combined with sub-model.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G807.7
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