【摘要】：高等職業(yè)教育作為我國高等教育體系和職業(yè)教育體系中的重要組成部分，為社會培養(yǎng)了一大批具有專業(yè)技能的人才，對促進我國社會進步和經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展發(fā)揮了重要作用。然而，面對當前越來越激烈的就業(yè)形勢，崗位對勞動者提出了更高的標準和要求，許多崗位要求工作在一線的技術(shù)人員在掌握技術(shù)的同時必須具有強健的體魄和良好的適應能力。這就要求學生不僅要有扎實的專業(yè)知識，熟練的職業(yè)技能和動手能力，更要具有能夠從事和勝任生產(chǎn)工作的良好的身體素質(zhì)。 田徑運動作為其他各項運動的基礎，，是學校體育當中最基礎的項目，能夠有效的全面的發(fā)展學生的身體素質(zhì)。體育課田徑教學開展的好壞將直接影響學生身體素質(zhì)的發(fā)展。尤其是當前學生身體素質(zhì)處于不斷下降的態(tài)勢，爆發(fā)力、力量、耐力等身體素質(zhì)指標下降明顯。如果沒有良好的身體素質(zhì)，學生畢業(yè)后就不能很好的投入到工作，甚至影響到就業(yè)。因此學校體育要緊緊抓住田徑運動對發(fā)展學生身體素質(zhì)獨有的項目優(yōu)勢，積極穩(wěn)妥的開展田徑教學，切切實實的把田徑教學擺在學校體育的重中之重。 本文選用文獻資料法、問卷調(diào)查法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法、實驗法等研究方法對濟南市8所高職院校體育課田徑教學現(xiàn)狀進行調(diào)查，并結(jié)合自身在山東電子職業(yè)技術(shù)學院實習的有利條件，對該校學生進行田徑教學分組實驗。通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)當前高職院校田徑教學開展的不是很樂觀，田徑課時數(shù)不足，教學內(nèi)容比較陳舊，教學方法比較傳統(tǒng)，器材不能滿足學生的上課需要，學生對田徑運動不感興趣，影響教師積極性，都是阻礙田徑運動發(fā)展的絆腳石。通過實驗前后測得的身體素質(zhì)指標進行統(tǒng)計分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)實以田徑為授課內(nèi)容的實驗組男生和女生的速度、力量、耐力素質(zhì)成績明顯高于實驗前，具有極顯著性差異（P＜0.01）。實驗組男生柔韌素質(zhì)較實驗前有小幅提高，但不具有統(tǒng)計學意義（P＞0.05）。實驗組女生柔韌性素質(zhì)較實驗前有明顯提高，且具有顯著性差異（P＜0.05）；以籃球為授課內(nèi)容的對照組，實驗后各項身體素質(zhì)都有不同程度的提高，只有男生50米跑，男女生立定跳遠，男生引體向上和男女生坐位體前屈測試成績具有統(tǒng)計學意義（P＜0.05）。 通過實驗數(shù)據(jù)清晰直觀的反映出田徑運動對提高學生身體素質(zhì)的作用，有針對性的提出促進濟南市高職院校田徑教學可持續(xù)發(fā)展的對策。對策：1正確認識田徑運動的功能和價值 2調(diào)整教學計劃，增加田徑課的課時量 3改革傳統(tǒng)的田徑教學模式，開辟新的教學方法 4增加經(jīng)費投入，改善田徑教學條件 5加強師資隊伍建設，提高教學專業(yè)水平
[Abstract]:As an important part of our higher education system and vocational education system, higher vocational education has trained a large number of talents with professional skills for the society, and has played an important role in promoting social progress and rapid economic development in China. However, in the face of the increasingly fierce employment situation at present, jobs have put forward higher standards and requirements for workers. Many positions require skilled personnel who work in the front line must have strong physique and good adaptability while mastering the skills. This requires students not only to have solid professional knowledge, skilled vocational skills and hands-on ability, but also to be able to engage in and competent in the production of good physical quality. As the basis of other sports, track and field is the most basic item in school sports, which can effectively develop students' physical quality. The development of track and field teaching in physical education will directly affect the development of students' physical quality. Especially at present, students' physical quality is in a state of continuous decline, such as explosive force, strength, endurance and so on. Without good physical fitness, students can not work well after graduation, or even affect employment. Therefore, school sports should tightly grasp the unique advantages of track and field sports to develop students' physical quality, actively and steadily carry out track and field teaching, and put track and field teaching in the top priority of school physical education. The present situation of track and field teaching in 8 higher vocational colleges in Jinan is investigated by the methods of literature, questionnaire, mathematical statistics and experiment. Combining with the favorable conditions of practicing in Shandong Electronic Vocational and Technical College, this paper carries on the track and field teaching grouping experiment to the students of this school. Through the investigation, it is found that the current track and field teaching in higher vocational colleges is not very optimistic, the number of class hours in track and field is insufficient, the teaching contents are relatively old, the teaching methods are more traditional, the equipment can not meet the needs of the students in class, and the students are not interested in track and field sports. Affect the enthusiasm of teachers, are obstacles to the development of track and field. Through the statistical analysis of the physical fitness indexes measured before and after the experiment, it was found that the scores of speed, strength and endurance of the boys and girls in the experimental group with track and field as the teaching content were significantly higher than those before the experiment (P < 0.01). The flexibility of male students in the experimental group was slightly higher than that before the experiment, but not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The flexibility of female students in the experimental group was significantly improved than that before the experiment (P < 0.05), and in the control group with basketball as the teaching content, the physical fitness was improved to some extent after the experiment, and only the boys ran 50 meters. The results of standing long jump for boys and boys were statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the scores of body flexion for boys and girls were significantly higher than those for boys (P < 0.05). Through the experimental data clearly and intuitively reflect the effect of track and field sports on improving the students' physical quality, and put forward the countermeasures to promote the sustainable development of track and field teaching in Jinan higher vocational colleges. Countermeasures: 1 correctly understand the function and value of track and field 2 adjust the teaching plan, increase the class time of track and field class 3, reform the traditional track and field teaching mode, To open up a new teaching method 4 to increase the investment of funds, to improve the teaching conditions of track and field 5 to strengthen the construction of the teaching staff and to raise the level of teaching specialty
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G82-4

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