上海賽艇男子公開級八人單槳備戰(zhàn)2013年全運會冬訓與賽前訓練負荷結構特點的比較研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-05 09:49
【摘要】：研究目的:本文主要通過比較研究備戰(zhàn)2013年全運會最后一個冬訓(12周)和全運會決賽前(8周)訓練負荷結構的差異,探究冬訓與賽前訓練負荷結構安排的有效性及合理性,通過分析對比不同階段訓練負荷的各自特點來反應不同訓練時期的計劃安排是否科學合理,以供今后教練員參考及做出適當?shù)恼{整。研究方法:1.研究對象:上海賽艇隊男子重量級八人單槳有舵手上的8名單槳運動員。2.研究內容:本研究選擇的是2013年全運會前最后一個冬訓12周(2012.12—2013.2)與全運會決賽前8周(2013.6—2013.8)上海男子八人艇實際完成訓練負荷的結構及特點。訓練負荷的監(jiān)測采集分為兩個方面,有關負荷量數(shù)據(jù)的采集上,主要采集的目標是水上訓練課、測功儀訓練課以及大強度訓練和核心力量訓練課,監(jiān)測的指標主要為時間數(shù);有關運動員訓練負荷強度的監(jiān)測上,我們采用的測量指標主要是乳酸和心率。在每次訓練課上隊員都會佩戴心率手表實時顯示心率變化情況,而后在訓練結束后采集耳血評測乳酸和強度。其中有氧強度規(guī)定Bla在4mmol/L之下,HR在160之下,而無氧強度訓練則規(guī)定Bla在4mmol/L之上,HR在160之上。筆者采用以上強度定義的方法來劃定訓練中的有氧和無氧強度,對有效訓練時間進行分類。研究結果:1.冬訓期內有關水上有氧訓練的時間總計為6510分鐘,有關測功儀有氧訓練的時間總計為2100分鐘,有關水上無氧訓練的時間總計為120分鐘,有關測功儀無氧訓練的時間總計為450分鐘;冬訓期內水上有氧訓練的時間達32%的占比,測功儀有氧訓練的時間達11%的占比,水上無氧訓練的時間達0.6%的占比,測功儀無氧訓練的時間達2%的占比。2.賽前期內有關水上有氧訓練的時間總計為5400分鐘,有關測功儀有氧訓練的時間總計為1130分鐘,有關水上無氧訓練的時間總計為1429分鐘,有關測功儀無氧訓練的時間總計為40分鐘;賽前期內水上有氧訓練的時間達41%的占比,測功儀有氧訓練的時間達8%的占比,水上無氧訓練的時間達10%的占比,測功儀無氧訓練的時間達接近1%的占比。3.冬訓與賽前期訓練的對比,冬訓水上有氧訓練每周平均時間總計為543分鐘,測功儀有氧訓練每周平均時間總計為175分鐘,水上無氧訓練每周平均時間總計為10分鐘,測功儀無氧訓練每周平均時間總計為38分鐘;賽前水上有氧訓練每周平均時間總計為675分鐘,測功儀有氧訓練每周平均時間總計為141分鐘,水上無氧訓練每周平均時間總計為179分鐘;有氧訓練在冬訓期總訓練時間的占比達43%,無氧訓練的占比達3%,有氧訓練在賽前期總訓練時間的占比達49%,無氧訓練的占比達10%。研究結論:1.冬訓12周主要以水上有氧訓練為主,測功儀有氧訓練為輔,穿插進行測功儀和水上無氧訓練;有氧訓練總體表現(xiàn)出3個階段波浪型變化,其中第1個階段占比最高的是有氧訓練,第2個階段占比最高的是無氧訓練。2.賽前8周的訓練仍然以有氧訓練為主,但無氧訓練占比升高,在賽前第7周時無氧訓練占比最高,賽前有氧訓練占比呈現(xiàn)明顯的“W”型;賽前第2個階段的無氧訓練占比明顯高于第1個階段,而有氧訓練的占比明顯低于第1個階段。3.在全運會前的冬訓和賽前階段都以有氧訓練為主,且賽前因訓練內容的集中及對有氧訓練的重視,有氧訓練所占比例反而還高于冬訓階段,賽前期間無氧訓練占比則始終高于冬訓期間,這也與賽艇項目特征一致。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to explore the validity and rationality of training load structure between winter training and Pre-competition Training by comparing the difference of training load structure between the last 12 weeks of preparation for the 2013 National Games and the 8 weeks before the final of the National Games, and to reflect the different training periods by analyzing and comparing the characteristics of training load in different stages. Research methods: 1. Object: Eight rowers of the Shanghai Rowing Team with eight heavyweight men single oars and eight Rowers on the helmsman. 2. Content: This study selected the last 12 weeks of winter training before the 2013 National Games (2012.12-2013.2) and the National Games. Eight weeks before the final (June 2013-August 2013) the structure and characteristics of the actual training load of the Shanghai men's eight-man boat were completed. The monitoring and acquisition of the training load can be divided into two aspects. For the data collection of the load, the main targets are water training, dynamometer training, high-intensity training and core strength training. The main monitoring indicators are water training, dynamometer training and core strength training. In each training class, the players will wear a heart rate watch to show the heart rate changes in real time, and then collect ear blood after the training to evaluate the lactic acid and strength. Under 160, anaerobic intensity training stipulates that Bla is above 4mmol/L and HR is above 160. The author uses the above definition of intensity to define the aerobic and anaerobic intensity in training and classify the effective training time. The total time of training is 2100 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on water is 120 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on dynamometer is 450 minutes; the time of aerobic training on water during winter training is 32%, the time of aerobic training on dynamometer is 11%, the time of anaerobic training on water is 0.6%, and the time of anaerobic training on dynamometer is anaerobic. Training time accounted for 2%. 2. The total time of aerobic training on water during the pre-competition period was 5400 minutes, the total time of aerobic training on dynamometers was 1130 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on water was 1429 minutes, and the total time of anaerobic training on dynamometers was 40 minutes. 41%, dynamometer aerobic training time up to 8%, water anaerobic training time up to 10%, dynamometer anaerobic training time up to close to 1% of the proportion. For 175 minutes, the average weekly time of water anaerobic training is 10 minutes, the average weekly time of dynamometer anaerobic training is 38 minutes, the average weekly time of water aerobic training before competition is 675 minutes, the average weekly time of dynamometer aerobic training is 141 minutes, and the average weekly time of water anaerobic training is 179 minutes. Aerobic training accounted for 43% of the total training time in winter, 3% of anaerobic training, 49% of the total training time in pre-competition and 10% of anaerobic training. Oxygen training showed three stages of wave-like changes, the first stage accounted for the highest proportion of aerobic training, the second stage accounted for the highest proportion of anaerobic training. The proportion of anaerobic training in the second stage is obviously higher than that in the first stage, while the proportion of aerobic training is obviously lower than that in the first stage. In winter training stage, the proportion of anaerobic training in pre-competition period is always higher than that in winter training period, which is also consistent with the characteristics of rowing events.
【學位授予單位】：上海體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G861.4
，
本文編號：2223918
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to explore the validity and rationality of training load structure between winter training and Pre-competition Training by comparing the difference of training load structure between the last 12 weeks of preparation for the 2013 National Games and the 8 weeks before the final of the National Games, and to reflect the different training periods by analyzing and comparing the characteristics of training load in different stages. Research methods: 1. Object: Eight rowers of the Shanghai Rowing Team with eight heavyweight men single oars and eight Rowers on the helmsman. 2. Content: This study selected the last 12 weeks of winter training before the 2013 National Games (2012.12-2013.2) and the National Games. Eight weeks before the final (June 2013-August 2013) the structure and characteristics of the actual training load of the Shanghai men's eight-man boat were completed. The monitoring and acquisition of the training load can be divided into two aspects. For the data collection of the load, the main targets are water training, dynamometer training, high-intensity training and core strength training. The main monitoring indicators are water training, dynamometer training and core strength training. In each training class, the players will wear a heart rate watch to show the heart rate changes in real time, and then collect ear blood after the training to evaluate the lactic acid and strength. Under 160, anaerobic intensity training stipulates that Bla is above 4mmol/L and HR is above 160. The author uses the above definition of intensity to define the aerobic and anaerobic intensity in training and classify the effective training time. The total time of training is 2100 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on water is 120 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on dynamometer is 450 minutes; the time of aerobic training on water during winter training is 32%, the time of aerobic training on dynamometer is 11%, the time of anaerobic training on water is 0.6%, and the time of anaerobic training on dynamometer is anaerobic. Training time accounted for 2%. 2. The total time of aerobic training on water during the pre-competition period was 5400 minutes, the total time of aerobic training on dynamometers was 1130 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on water was 1429 minutes, and the total time of anaerobic training on dynamometers was 40 minutes. 41%, dynamometer aerobic training time up to 8%, water anaerobic training time up to 10%, dynamometer anaerobic training time up to close to 1% of the proportion. For 175 minutes, the average weekly time of water anaerobic training is 10 minutes, the average weekly time of dynamometer anaerobic training is 38 minutes, the average weekly time of water aerobic training before competition is 675 minutes, the average weekly time of dynamometer aerobic training is 141 minutes, and the average weekly time of water anaerobic training is 179 minutes. Aerobic training accounted for 43% of the total training time in winter, 3% of anaerobic training, 49% of the total training time in pre-competition and 10% of anaerobic training. Oxygen training showed three stages of wave-like changes, the first stage accounted for the highest proportion of aerobic training, the second stage accounted for the highest proportion of anaerobic training. The proportion of anaerobic training in the second stage is obviously higher than that in the first stage, while the proportion of aerobic training is obviously lower than that in the first stage. In winter training stage, the proportion of anaerobic training in pre-competition period is always higher than that in winter training period, which is also consistent with the characteristics of rowing events.
【學位授予單位】：上海體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G861.4
，
本文編號：2223918
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