【摘要】：目的:通過(guò)運(yùn)用SPCS系統(tǒng)對(duì)青少年射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行生物反饋測(cè)訓(xùn),來(lái)探究生物反饋訓(xùn)練是否能夠提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員情緒穩(wěn)定,注意集中,放松調(diào)節(jié)等心理能力,以及對(duì)射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員成績(jī)的影響。方法:選擇新鄉(xiāng)市體育運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)校射擊隊(duì)10米氣步槍項(xiàng)目男子運(yùn)動(dòng)員20人,隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和實(shí)驗(yàn)組A、實(shí)驗(yàn)組B。運(yùn)用北京豪峰數(shù)碼科技有限公司自主研發(fā)的生理相干和自主平衡系統(tǒng)(Self-generate Physiological Coherence System SPCS),對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)組運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行生物反饋訓(xùn)練,測(cè)試運(yùn)動(dòng)員的心率變異性(HRV),選取HRV的TP值、VLF值、LF值、HF值、LF/HF值、M-HRT值、SDNN值、PNN50值8個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的HRV進(jìn)行分析,并對(duì)訓(xùn)練前后運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽成績(jī)的變化進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果:與對(duì)照組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員相比,實(shí)驗(yàn)組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員HRV和比賽成績(jī)出現(xiàn)如下變化,1.實(shí)驗(yàn)組A的運(yùn)動(dòng)員TP值高于對(duì)照組,無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異;實(shí)驗(yàn)組B的TP值高于對(duì)照組,差異具有顯著性(P0.05)。2.實(shí)驗(yàn)組A和實(shí)驗(yàn)組B的運(yùn)動(dòng)員VLF值都低于對(duì)照組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,差異具有顯著性(p0.05)。3.實(shí)驗(yàn)組A的運(yùn)動(dòng)員LF值高于對(duì)照組,無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;實(shí)驗(yàn)組B的運(yùn)動(dòng)員LF值高于對(duì)照組,差異具有顯著性(p0.05)。4.生物反饋訓(xùn)練后兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)組運(yùn)動(dòng)員的HF值都高于對(duì)照組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,差異具有高度顯著(P0.01)。5.實(shí)驗(yàn)組A的運(yùn)動(dòng)員LF/HF值低于對(duì)照組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,差異具有顯著性(p0.05);實(shí)驗(yàn)組B的運(yùn)動(dòng)員LF/HF值低于對(duì)照組,無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;實(shí)驗(yàn)組A的運(yùn)動(dòng)員LF/HF值低于實(shí)驗(yàn)組B的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,差異具有顯著性(p0.05)。6.生物反饋訓(xùn)練前后所有運(yùn)動(dòng)員的M-HRT值無(wú)差異。7.實(shí)驗(yàn)組A運(yùn)動(dòng)員的SDNN值高于對(duì)照組運(yùn)動(dòng)員,差異具有顯著性(p0.05);實(shí)驗(yàn)組B運(yùn)動(dòng)員的SDNN值也高于對(duì)照組運(yùn)動(dòng)員,無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;實(shí)驗(yàn)組A運(yùn)動(dòng)員的SDNN值高于實(shí)驗(yàn)組B,差異具有顯著性(p0.05)。8.實(shí)驗(yàn)后兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員PNN50值略微低于對(duì)照組,無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,與實(shí)驗(yàn)前相比實(shí)驗(yàn)組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員PNN50呈下降趨勢(shì)。9.實(shí)驗(yàn)組A的運(yùn)動(dòng)員心理協(xié)調(diào)分?jǐn)?shù)高于對(duì)照組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,差異具有顯著性(P0.05);實(shí)驗(yàn)組B的運(yùn)動(dòng)員心理協(xié)調(diào)分?jǐn)?shù)高于對(duì)照組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,差異具有顯著性(p0.01)。10.與生物反饋訓(xùn)練之前的比賽成績(jī)相比,實(shí)驗(yàn)組A的運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽成績(jī)提高,差異具有顯著性(p0.05);實(shí)驗(yàn)組B的運(yùn)動(dòng)員成績(jī)提高,差異具有高度顯著性(p0.01);對(duì)照組的運(yùn)動(dòng)員在經(jīng)過(guò)訓(xùn)練后成績(jī)有所提高,無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;訓(xùn)練之后實(shí)驗(yàn)組A的運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽成績(jī)高于對(duì)照組,差異具有顯著性(p0.05),實(shí)驗(yàn)組B的運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽成績(jī)高于對(duì)照組,差異具有高度顯著性(p0.01)。結(jié)論:1.經(jīng)過(guò)基于SPCS的生物反饋訓(xùn)練,青少年射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員的心率變異性(HRV)增大,心理放松能力加強(qiáng)。2.經(jīng)過(guò)基于SPCS的生物反饋訓(xùn)練,青少年射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員能有意識(shí)的控制降低交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的活性,降低交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和副交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的平衡比,即運(yùn)動(dòng)員對(duì)自主神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的調(diào)節(jié)能力增強(qiáng)。3.經(jīng)過(guò)基于SPCS的生物反饋訓(xùn)練,青少年射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員對(duì)自主神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的雙重支配能力增強(qiáng),即運(yùn)動(dòng)員的心理穩(wěn)定性增強(qiáng)。4.通過(guò)生物反饋訓(xùn)練與技戰(zhàn)術(shù)訓(xùn)練的結(jié)合,對(duì)青少年射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽成績(jī)的提高有明顯的幫助,同時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽發(fā)揮更為穩(wěn)定。5.提高生物反饋訓(xùn)練時(shí)的應(yīng)激環(huán)境,對(duì)生物反饋訓(xùn)練的效果影響不大。
[Abstract]:Objective: To explore whether the biofeedback training can improve the mental abilities of young shooters, such as emotional stability, concentration, relaxation and adjustment, and the effect on shooters'performance by using SPCS system. 20 male athletes were randomly divided into control group and experimental group A, experimental group B. Using self-generated Physiological Coherence System (SPCS) developed by Beijing Haofeng Digital Technology Co., Ltd., the experimental group athletes were trained by biofeedback, and the heart rate variability (HRV) was tested. Taking HRV TP value, VLF value, LF value, HF value, LF/HF value, M-HRT value, SDNN value, PN50 value eight secondary indexes to analyze the athletes'HRV, and the changes of athletes' competition results before and after training were analyzed. The experimental group A and experimental group B athletes VLF values are lower than the control group athletes, the difference is significant (p0.05). 3. The experimental group A athletes LF value is higher than the control group, there is no statistical significance; experimental group B athletes LF value is higher than the control group; experimental group B athletes LF value is higher than the control group; experimental group B athletes LF value is higher; experimental group B athletes LF value is higher than the control group. In the control group, the difference was significant (p0.05). 4. After biofeedback training, the HF values of athletes in the two experimental groups were higher than those in the control group, the difference was highly significant (P 0.01). 5. The LF / HF values of athletes in experimental group A were lower than those in the control group, the difference was significant (p 0.05); the LF / HF values of athletes in experimental group B were lower than those in the control group, but there was no significant difference. The LF / HF value of athletes in experimental group A was lower than that of athletes in experimental group B, the difference was significant (p0.05). 6. There was no difference in the M-HRT value of all athletes before and after biofeedback training. 7. The SDN value of athletes in experimental group A was higher than that of the control group, the difference was significant (p0.05); the SDN value of athletes in experimental group B was also higher than that of the control group (p0.05). Athletes, there is no statistical significance; experimental group A athletes'SNN value is higher than experimental group B, the difference is significant (p0.05). 8. After the experiment, the two experimental groups of athletes PN50 value is slightly lower than the control group, no statistical significance, compared with the experimental group athletes PN50 showed a downward trend. 9. Experimental group A athletes' psychological coordination score is higher than the control group. There was a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group (P 0.05); the experimental group B athletes'psychological coordination score was higher than the control group athletes, the difference was significant (P 0.01). 10. Compared with the results before biofeedback training, the experimental group A athletes' performance improved, the difference was significant (P 0.05); Improvement, the difference was highly significant (p0.01); after training, the athletes in the control group improved, there was no statistical significance; after training, the athletes in the experimental group A were higher than the control group, the difference was significant (p0.05), the experimental group B athletes were higher than the control group, the difference was highly significant (p0.01). After the SPCS-based biofeedback training, the heart rate variability (HRV) of young shooters increases, and their mental relaxation ability strengthens. 2. After the SPCS-based biofeedback training, the young shooters can consciously control and reduce the activity of sympathetic nervous system and the balance of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. 3. After the SPCS-based biofeedback training, the juvenile shooters'dual control ability to the autonomic nervous system is enhanced, that is, the athletes' psychological stability is enhanced. 4. Through the combination of biofeedback training and technical and tactical training, the juvenile shooters can compete successfully. At the same time, athletes play more stably. 5. Improving the stress environment of biofeedback training has little effect on the effect of biofeedback training.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G871

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2 毛弘宇;射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員注意疲勞、焦慮水平對(duì)注意瞬脫的影響及對(duì)策[D];河南大學(xué);2016年

3 韋軍;優(yōu)秀射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員臨賽前腦電和唾液皮質(zhì)醇變化的相關(guān)性研究[D];北京體育大學(xué);2007年

4 戴晴晴;射擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員消化系統(tǒng)軀體化癥狀與比賽成績(jī)的關(guān)系[D];第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué);2010年

5 甄s，

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