【摘要】：近些年來,學(xué)生的體質(zhì)健康問題引起更廣泛的關(guān)注。響應(yīng)國家關(guān)于中小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康政策的號召,各地政府紛紛出臺了相關(guān)政策,以提升學(xué)生的體質(zhì)健康水平,學(xué)術(shù)界的相關(guān)研究成果也日益豐富。但我國地域遼闊,各個地區(qū)的學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康狀況存在一定的差異,又由于山東省以及安丘市直小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康狀況的研究匱乏,因此,本文運用文獻(xiàn)資料法、體質(zhì)測試法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法、比較研究法以及問卷調(diào)查法,對安丘市直小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)健康狀況進(jìn)行深入調(diào)查研究。本文以安丘市直五所學(xué)校的一年級到六年級的學(xué)生為調(diào)查對象,在各個年級隨機抽取了部分學(xué)生進(jìn)行體質(zhì)測試,共取得了3599份有效樣本。本文的體質(zhì)健康測試指標(biāo)分為三類:身體形態(tài)指標(biāo),即身高、體重、體重指數(shù);身體機能指標(biāo),即肺活量和肺活量體重指數(shù);身體素質(zhì)指標(biāo),即50m跑、坐位體前屈、1分鐘跳繩、1分鐘仰臥起坐和50m×8往返跑,用于反映學(xué)生的速度素質(zhì)、柔韌素質(zhì)、力量素質(zhì)和耐力素質(zhì)。本文以年級和性別為依據(jù)進(jìn)行分組,對各個年級男生和女生的測試結(jié)果分別進(jìn)行分析,包括與全國平均水平的橫向?qū)Ρ确治龊筒煌昙夐g的縱向?qū)Ρ确治�。通過數(shù)據(jù)分析對安丘市直小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)健康狀況進(jìn)行總體的評價,并發(fā)現(xiàn)其存在的問題。接著,本文設(shè)計了調(diào)查問卷,分為教師卷(30份)和學(xué)生卷(1538份)兩部分,研究影響安丘市直小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康水平的因素、學(xué)生體質(zhì)下降的原因以及提升學(xué)生體質(zhì)的有效措施。根據(jù)安丘市直小學(xué)生存在的體質(zhì)健康問題和問卷調(diào)查分析結(jié)論,本文提出了相應(yīng)的對策建議,為提升小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康水平提供參考。研究結(jié)果表明:在身體形態(tài)方面,安丘市直小學(xué)生的身高和體重值都呈現(xiàn)不斷增長態(tài)勢,肥胖的現(xiàn)象較明顯;在身體機能方面,安丘市直小學(xué)生的肺活量水平隨年級上升而提高,肺活量體重指數(shù)增長趨勢不明顯;在身體素質(zhì)方面,除坐位體前屈的成績總體上是下降的趨勢,安丘市直小學(xué)生的50米跑、跳繩、仰臥起坐、50m×8往返跑的成績都隨著年級上升越來越好。根據(jù)體質(zhì)健康測試綜合評分可知,從低年級到高年級,安丘市直小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)健康水平有所下降,且總分都屬于及格等級。另外,與全國平均水平相比,安丘市直小學(xué)生的身高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體重、肺活量、速度素質(zhì)、耐力素質(zhì)、力量素質(zhì)等各項測試結(jié)果均低于全國平均水平�？傮w而言,安丘市直小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)健康水平較差,身體機能和素質(zhì)都需要提升。根據(jù)問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,影響安丘市直小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康狀況的因素是多方面的,包括學(xué)校、體育教學(xué)、學(xué)生自身和家庭四個方面,文章分別從這幾個方面提出了改善小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康水平的對策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of students' physical health has attracted more and more attention. In response to the national policy on the physical health of primary and secondary school students, local governments have issued related policies to improve the level of physical health of students, academic research results are also increasingly rich. However, our country has a vast territory, and there are some differences in the physical health status of students in various regions, and because of the lack of research on the physical health status of primary school students in Shandong Province and Anqiu City, this paper uses the method of literature and materials and the method of physique testing. Mathematical statistics, comparative study and questionnaire survey were used to investigate the physical health status of students in Anqiu city. In this paper, students from grade one to grade six in five schools in Anqiu city were selected randomly for physical fitness test, and 3599 valid samples were obtained. In this paper, the physical health indicators are divided into three categories: body shape indicators, that is, height, body mass index, body function indicators, namely vital capacity and vital capacity body mass index, physical fitness indicators, that is, 50 meters running, Sitting position forward bending and jumping rope for 1 minute sit-ups and 50m 脳 8 round-trip running are used to reflect the students' speed quality, flexibility quality, strength quality and endurance quality. Based on grade and gender, this paper analyzes the test results of boys and girls in each grade, including horizontal comparative analysis with the national average level and longitudinal comparative analysis between different grades. Through the data analysis, the author evaluates the physical health status of the students in Anqiu city and finds out the existing problems. Then, this paper designs a questionnaire, which is divided into two parts: teacher's volume (30 copies) and student volume (1538 copies). It studies the factors that affect the physical health level of the students, the reasons of the students' physique decline and the effective measures to improve the students' physique. According to the physical health problems of the pupils in Anqiu city and the conclusion of the questionnaire survey, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, which can be used as a reference for improving the physical health level of the pupils. The results show that: in terms of body shape, the height and weight of straight primary school students in Anqiu City show a growing trend, obesity is more obvious; in terms of body function, The vital capacity level of straight primary school students in Anqiu city increases with grade, but the growth trend of vital capacity body mass index is not obvious. Rope skipping, sit-ups 50 m 脳 8 round trip results are better and better with grade. According to the comprehensive score of physical health test, from the lower grade to the higher grade, the physical health level of the straight primary school students in Anqiu city has declined, and the total score belongs to the passing grade. In addition, compared with the national average, the height standard weight, vital capacity, speed quality, endurance quality and strength quality of the straight pupils in Anqiu are lower than the national average. Overall, Anqiu straight primary school students' physical health level is poor, body function and quality need to be improved. According to the results of the questionnaire survey, there are many factors that affect the physical health of the students in Anqiu, including school, physical education, students themselves and their families. This paper puts forward the countermeasures to improve the students' physical health from these aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.49

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