【摘要】：排球技術(shù)是排球運(yùn)動重要組成部分,也是排球教學(xué)的重要內(nèi)容。排球技術(shù)經(jīng)過一百二十多年的演變,已由誕生之初簡單的隔網(wǎng)拍擊演變?yōu)楫?dāng)今具有高度的技巧性。在排球技術(shù)的發(fā)展過程中,有的技術(shù)逐漸被舍棄,同時又有新的技術(shù)出現(xiàn)。但是,被舍棄的技術(shù),如勾手發(fā)飄球等,在教學(xué)中又是比較實(shí)用的。在排球課堂教學(xué)中,應(yīng)該依據(jù)學(xué)生的不同個性特征,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生合理地掌握和運(yùn)用排球技術(shù),做到因材施教。該研究采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、訪談法等研究方法,通過對民國至今的四十余冊排球著作有關(guān)準(zhǔn)備姿勢和移動、傳球、墊球、扣球、發(fā)球、攔網(wǎng)等排球技術(shù)演變的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的梳理和分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,劃分了階段并對階段特征進(jìn)行分析,得出了如下結(jié)論:1.排球技術(shù)發(fā)展分為四個階段,分別是發(fā)展初期、技術(shù)分化完成期、扣球大發(fā)展,技術(shù)涌現(xiàn)高峰期、發(fā)展緩和期。2.發(fā)展初期階段,大力發(fā)球的出現(xiàn),加強(qiáng)了發(fā)球,一傳沿用傳球動作,導(dǎo)致一傳相對薄弱;扣球技術(shù)有所創(chuàng)新。但攔網(wǎng)發(fā)展滯后,導(dǎo)致防守技術(shù)有所創(chuàng)新和提高。這一階段的技術(shù)水平相對較低。3.技術(shù)分化完成期階段,飄球的出現(xiàn),使發(fā)球作用加強(qiáng)。前臂墊球的廣泛運(yùn)用,加強(qiáng)了一傳和防守。平拉開等扣球的出現(xiàn),提高了進(jìn)攻的水平,同時,促進(jìn)了規(guī)則關(guān)于攔網(wǎng)的修改�！吧w帽攔網(wǎng)”的出現(xiàn),加強(qiáng)了攔網(wǎng),減輕了防守的壓力。這一階段,排球技術(shù)較“技術(shù)發(fā)展初期”有了進(jìn)一步的提高,攻守相對趨向平衡。4.扣球大發(fā)展,技術(shù)涌現(xiàn)高峰期階段,扣球技術(shù)迅速發(fā)展,達(dá)到了高峰期。其他各項(xiàng)技術(shù)水平也在互相不斷刺激中進(jìn)一步提高。上一階段攻守相對平衡的狀態(tài)被打破,呈現(xiàn)出攻強(qiáng)于守的特征。5.發(fā)展緩和期階段,排球技術(shù)發(fā)展相對較平穩(wěn),沒有新的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新出現(xiàn)。6.排球技術(shù)演變的原因有排球規(guī)則的修改、動作的創(chuàng)新、各項(xiàng)技術(shù)之間的影響、戰(zhàn)術(shù)發(fā)展的需要和運(yùn)動員身體素質(zhì)的變化、場地變化。
[Abstract]:Volleyball technique is an important part of volleyball and also an important part of volleyball teaching. After more than 120 years of evolution, volleyball technology has evolved from a simple netting at the beginning of its birth to a high degree of skill. In the development of volleyball technology, some techniques are gradually abandoned, but also new techniques appear. However, abandoned techniques, such as hooks and dribbles, are more practical in teaching. In volleyball classroom teaching, students should be guided to master and apply volleyball skills reasonably according to their different personality characteristics so as to teach students according to their aptitude. This research adopts the method of literature, interview and other research methods, through more than 40 books on the preparation posture and movement, passing, padding, spiking, serve, etc., of volleyball books from the Republic of China to the present. The contents of volleyball technology evolution, such as blocking, are carefully combed and analyzed. On this basis, the stage is divided and the characteristics of the stage are analyzed, and the following conclusion is drawn: 1. Volleyball technology development is divided into four stages, namely, the initial stage of development, the completion period of technical differentiation, the great development of spiking, the peak period of technical emergence, and the period of relaxation of development. In the early stage of development, the emergence of vigorous service strengthened the serve, and the passing movement led to the relative weakness of the first pass; the smashing technique was innovated. But blocking development lags behind, leading to innovation and improvement of defensive technology. The technical level of this stage is relatively low. At the completion stage of technical differentiation, the appearance of floating ball strengthens the function of serve. The wide use of forearm washers strengthens the pass and defense. The appearance of equal-pull spikes improves the level of attack and promotes the modification of the rules on blocking. The emergence of "block blocks," strengthened the blocking, reducing the pressure of defense. At this stage, volleyball technology has been further improved compared with "the initial stage of technical development", and the offensive and defensive relatively tend to balance. 4. Spike development, the emergence of technology peak stage, spike technology rapid development, reached the peak. Other technical levels are also further enhanced by mutual stimulation. The state of relative balance of attack and defense in the last stage was broken, showing that attack is stronger than defense. In the period of development detente, volleyball technology development is relatively stable, and there is no new technological innovation. 6. 6. The reasons for the evolution of volleyball technique include the modification of volleyball rules, the innovation of movement, the influence of various techniques, the need of the development of tactics, the change of athlete's physical quality and the change of field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G842

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