發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-30 18:24

  本文選題：女子跳高 + 助跑��； 參考：《成都體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：跳高項(xiàng)目發(fā)展的100多年里,歷經(jīng)了五次技術(shù)變革,時(shí)至今日背越式成為了跳高的主導(dǎo)技術(shù)。我國(guó)跳高項(xiàng)目也一度綻放于世界田壇,朱建華三次打破世界紀(jì)錄,鄭鳳榮、金玲等女子優(yōu)秀跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員也是成績(jī)顯著�？v觀我國(guó)跳高發(fā)展,女子跳高已出現(xiàn)大幅下滑,優(yōu)秀人才匱乏。鄧思藝作為年輕一代,僅兩年多的跳高訓(xùn)練就奪得了2015年青運(yùn)會(huì)該項(xiàng)目冠軍,其經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技術(shù)值得研究,一方面,為備戰(zhàn)2017年全運(yùn)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)性突破獲得更好的成績(jī);另一方面,關(guān)注我國(guó)女子跳高后備人才培養(yǎng),對(duì)我國(guó)女子跳高項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展具有促進(jìn)作用。通過查閱近20多年跳高項(xiàng)目相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)132篇,深入研究了跳高技術(shù)的發(fā)展,并隨四川省田徑隊(duì)進(jìn)行了近一年的跟隊(duì)研究,充分了解一線運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)的訓(xùn)練與競(jìng)技。運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料、專家訪談、三維錄像解析以及數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)等方法,研究使用兩臺(tái)JVC高速攝像機(jī)拍攝運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)并經(jīng)星高鈦解析系統(tǒng)得到運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)參數(shù),對(duì)比鄭幸娟、王林、劉肼毅和張露予4名國(guó)內(nèi)優(yōu)秀女子跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)參數(shù),得出了以下結(jié)論:(1)鄧思藝助跑最后一步起跳腳著地時(shí)相重心水平速度較低。最后一步起跳腳著地時(shí)相重心水平速度僅為6.51m/s,與鄭幸娟等4名我國(guó)優(yōu)秀女子跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員差距明顯。速度素質(zhì)及起跳腳著地支撐能力有待提高。(2)鄧思藝助跑水平速度利用率低,助跑與起跳銜接技術(shù)相對(duì)較弱。起跳腿主動(dòng)肌離心收縮能力不足。提升助跑最后一步速度和助跑節(jié)奏把控能力,充分利用助跑形成的水平速度獲得較高的起跳垂直速度。(3)鄧思藝具備合理的最后一步步長(zhǎng)和良好的助跑節(jié)奏,步長(zhǎng)身高比與我國(guó)優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員沒有差距。合理的最后一步步長(zhǎng)是保持快速助跑、以良好的助跑節(jié)奏積極進(jìn)入起跳的先決條件之一,是充分發(fā)揮起跳技術(shù)的有力保障。鄧思藝三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)技能的遷移使其跳高具備優(yōu)異的助跑與起跳節(jié)奏。(4)助跑最后一步身體內(nèi)傾角變化幅度與我國(guó)優(yōu)秀女子跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員平均值差距較小。但鄧思藝助跑最后一步著地實(shí)現(xiàn)身體內(nèi)傾幅度較小,內(nèi)傾角僅有81.03°,主要由于弧線助跑速度慢,身體內(nèi)傾幅度不夠,后期還有很大提升空間。(5)鄧思藝起跳離地時(shí)刻身體重心高度H1較小,H1與身高比值也小于優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員,起跳腿髖、膝、踝關(guān)節(jié)蹬伸幅度不夠表現(xiàn)為蹬伸不充分,另外起跳腿主動(dòng)肌離心收縮能力弱;身高和H1高度存在劣勢(shì);擺腿速度合理,交叉雙臂擺動(dòng)效果差,表現(xiàn)為角速度較慢,手臂僵直擺臂力量不集中。
[Abstract]:During the 100 years of development of the high jump, it has undergone five technological changes, and now the backcross style has become the dominant technique in the high jump. China's high jump event also bloomed in the world at one time, Zhu Jianhua broke the world record three times, Zheng Fengrong, Jin Ling and other excellent women high jump athletes also achieved remarkable results. Throughout our country's high jump development, women's high jump has been a significant decline, talent shortage. As a young generation, Deng Siyi won the championship of the 2015 Youth Games in just over two years of high jump training. His experience and technology are worth studying. On the one hand, he has achieved better results in preparing for the 2017 National Games. On the other hand, he has achieved better results in terms of technical breakthroughs. Paying attention to the training of women's high jump reserve talents will promote the development of women's high jump in our country. The development of high jump technique was deeply studied by referring to 132 articles about high jump events in the past 20 years, and followed by Sichuan track and field team for nearly one year to fully understand the training and competition of the first team. By using the methods of literature, expert interview, 3D video analysis and mathematical statistics, this paper studies the use of two JVC high-speed cameras to shoot athletes and obtain kinematics parameters through the satellite and high titanium analysis system. The comparison between Zheng Xingjuan and Wang Lin is made. Liu hydrazil and Zhang Luyu four excellent female high jumpers in China obtained the following conclusions: (1) Deng Siyi started the last step and landed on the ground with a low horizontal speed of gravity center. The horizontal velocity of the center of gravity is only 6.51 m / s when the last step starts and falls to the ground, which is obviously different from that of 4 excellent Chinese women high jumpers, such as Zheng Xingjuan and so on. The quality of speed and the ability of landing ground support need to be improved. (2) Deng Siyi run-up level speed utilization rate is low, run-up and take-off connection technology is relatively weak. The ability of eccentric contraction of the active muscle of the take-off leg is insufficient. To improve the ability to control the last step and the tempo of the run-up, make full use of the horizontal speed formed by the run-up to obtain a higher take-off vertical speed. (3) Deng Siyi has a reasonable last step length and a good run-up rhythm. The ratio of step length to height is no different from that of our country's elite athletes. The reasonable final step length is one of the prerequisites for keeping the fast run-up and actively entering the take-off with a good run-up rhythm, and it is also a strong guarantee to give full play to the take-off technology. The transfer of Deng Siyi's triple jump skills makes the high jump have excellent run-up and take-off rhythm. (4) the variation range of the inclinations in the last step of the run-up is smaller than the average value of the excellent female high jumpers in our country. However, Deng Siyi made the last step of the run-up to achieve a relatively small inclinations, with an internal inclination angle of only 81.03 擄, mainly due to the slow speed of the arc run-up and the insufficient range of the inclinations of the body. At the later stage, there was still great room for improvement. (5) the ratio of the height of the body's center of gravity H _ 1 to height was also smaller than that of the excellent athletes at the time when Deng Siyi took off from the ground. The range of extension of the legs, hips, knees and ankles was not enough. In addition, the ability of eccentric contraction of the active muscle is weak; height and H _ 1 height have disadvantages; the leg swinging speed is reasonable, the effect of crossing arms swinging is poor, the angular speed is slow, and the arm strength is not concentrated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G823.1

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