本文選題：老年人 + 休閑性體力活動(dòng)　； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市建成環(huán)境與老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)的研究構(gòu)成了國際公共健康領(lǐng)域研究新的熱點(diǎn)。本文在系統(tǒng)分析老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境內(nèi)涵、內(nèi)在制約因素、知識(shí)體系以及評(píng)價(jià)原則基礎(chǔ)上,利用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型對(duì)老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境的指標(biāo)體系展開研究,尋找一條具有科學(xué)性、普遍性和可持續(xù)性的老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)路徑。之后,利用模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法對(duì)老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)應(yīng)用研究,把握城市社區(qū)老年人對(duì)于休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境的關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)和滿意度,反映城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境存在的不足,以此結(jié)合有效的規(guī)劃手段制定促進(jìn)老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)的對(duì)策建議。通過分析得出結(jié)論:(1)構(gòu)建出老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,包括5個(gè)一級(jí)指標(biāo)、16個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)。(2)提出假設(shè)模型,即目的地可及性、活動(dòng)環(huán)境及設(shè)施安全性、活動(dòng)環(huán)境美觀性、居住適宜性和交通通達(dá)性對(duì)老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境有正向影響。通過結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型計(jì)算得出相對(duì)擬合指數(shù)、絕對(duì)擬合指數(shù)和簡(jiǎn)約擬合指數(shù)等指標(biāo),驗(yàn)證老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)模型與數(shù)據(jù)相匹配,模型擬合可以接受,本研究提出的假設(shè)模型成立。(3)使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化估計(jì)值模型路徑系數(shù)計(jì)算指標(biāo)權(quán)重,即通過因子負(fù)荷系數(shù)計(jì)算權(quán)重大小,求出指標(biāo)權(quán)重以及各個(gè)維度的權(quán)重,進(jìn)行賦權(quán),可為后續(xù)的將來相關(guān)研究提供了理論指導(dǎo)。(4)從社區(qū)老年人群視角出發(fā),結(jié)合南京市棲霞區(qū)堯化門街道4個(gè)社區(qū)的案例,以老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系為依據(jù),采用模糊評(píng)價(jià)法進(jìn)行休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明,老年人休閑性體力活動(dòng)城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果偏低,城市社區(qū)建成環(huán)境存在“短板”問題。具體看來老年人關(guān)注出行交通條件、配套基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生情況,而社區(qū)治安和居住適宜性關(guān)注較少。老年人對(duì)交通通達(dá)性和配套基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施較滿意,而對(duì)居住適宜性和目的地可及性的評(píng)價(jià)較低。由此建議城市社區(qū)針對(duì)老年人關(guān)注度較低的因子,應(yīng)采取有針對(duì)性的漸進(jìn)式改善模式。對(duì)于關(guān)注度較高同時(shí)滿意度也較高的因子,未來應(yīng)在現(xiàn)有環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)上更加完善強(qiáng)化。對(duì)于低關(guān)注度高滿意度的因子,城市社區(qū)可以暫緩規(guī)劃不作為重點(diǎn),優(yōu)先解決其他環(huán)境問題。
[Abstract]:The study of urban built environment and leisure physical activity of the elderly constitutes a new research hotspot in the field of international public health. Based on the systematic analysis of the connotation of the urban community building environment, the inherent restrictive factors, the knowledge system and the evaluation principle, the paper analyzes the leisure physical activity of the elderly. Based on the structural equation model, this paper studies the index system of the environment built in the urban community of the elderly leisure physical activity, in order to find a scientific one. Universal and sustainable recreational physical activity of the elderly urban communities built an environmental assessment path. After that, using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate and apply the urban community built environment of the elderly leisure physical activity, we can grasp the attention focus and satisfaction of the elderly in the urban community for the leisure physical activity urban community built environment. It reflects the deficiency of the built environment in the urban community, so as to make the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the leisure physical activity of the elderly combined with the effective planning means. Conclusion: 1) construct an environmental evaluation index system of urban community for recreational physical activity of the elderly, including 5 first-grade indicators and 16 second-level indicators. (2) propose a hypothetical model, that is, destination accessibility. The safety of the activity environment and facilities, the aesthetics of the activity environment, the suitability of residence and the accessibility of traffic have positive effects on the urban community building environment of the elderly leisure physical activity. The relative fitting index, absolute fitting index and reduced fitting index were obtained by calculating the structural equation model. It was verified that the environmental evaluation model built by the elderly leisure physical activity city community matched with the data, and the model fitting was acceptable. The hypothetical model proposed in this study is established. (3) using the standardized estimation value model path coefficient to calculate the index weight, that is, to calculate the weight through the factor load coefficient, to calculate the index weight and the weight of each dimension, and to weight the index. From the perspective of community elderly people, combined with the case of four communities in Qixia District, Nanjing City, Yaohuamen Street, Based on the evaluation index system of the urban community building environment for the elderly leisure physical activity, the fuzzy evaluation method was used to evaluate the urban community building environment of the leisure physical activity city. The results showed that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results of the urban community built environment for the elderly leisure physical activity were low, and the problem of "short board" existed in the urban community built environment. In particular, the elderly pay attention to travel conditions, supporting infrastructure and environmental hygiene, but less attention is paid to community security and residence suitability. The elderly people are satisfied with the transportation accessibility and supporting infrastructure, but the evaluation of residence suitability and destination accessibility is low. Therefore, it is suggested that the urban community should adopt a targeted progressive improvement model in view of the factors of low attention to the elderly. In the future, the factors of higher attention and higher satisfaction should be improved and strengthened on the basis of the existing environment. For the factors of low attention and high satisfaction, urban communities can defer planning as a focus and give priority to solving other environmental problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G812.48

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本文編號(hào)：2023651