發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-30 20:37

  本文選題：世界優(yōu)秀女子 + 競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員��； 參考：《西安體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究目的:1996年,競走舊規(guī)則的改變對(duì)我國傳統(tǒng)的“小ki幅,快ki頻”的技術(shù)風(fēng)格產(chǎn)生了巨大的沖擊,多次在大賽中遭到判罰。近些年,通過對(duì)技術(shù)的改進(jìn),我國競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)犯規(guī)大幅減少。為了探索其中的原因,本文通過對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員不同速度下的技術(shù)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行分析,了解國內(nèi)外技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)技術(shù)特征進(jìn)行比對(duì)分析,歸納總結(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)員不同速度下的技術(shù)特點(diǎn),以期為我國競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)改進(jìn)與訓(xùn)練提供保障。研究方法:以8名世界優(yōu)秀女子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員為研究對(duì)象。采用測試法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法、訪談法及文獻(xiàn)資料調(diào)研,對(duì)2015年北京田徑世錦賽女子20km競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員現(xiàn)場比賽進(jìn)行全程記錄,使用APAS錄像解析系統(tǒng)對(duì)視頻進(jìn)行數(shù)字化處理與分析。研究結(jié)果:1.劉虹全程平均步長為1.06m,在中速、高速走條件下,其步長均不及8名運(yùn)動(dòng)員的1.10m的平均值。低中速走時(shí)重心位移距離為0.08m,高速走時(shí)重心位移距離上升為0.10m。低中速走時(shí)的騰空時(shí)間分別為58ms和75ms,高速走時(shí)騰空時(shí)間為67ms。2.呂秀芝平均步長為1.07m。中速和高速走時(shí),其步長變化不大,且步長相對(duì)較小。低速和中速走時(shí),重心位移距離分別為0.07m和0.10m,高速走時(shí)為0.09m。低速和中速走時(shí)騰空時(shí)間分別為42ms和50ms,高速走時(shí)騰空時(shí)間為75ms。3.奧利亞諾夫卡平均步長1.12m,中速和高速走時(shí),步長穩(wěn)定在1.12m上下,高速走時(shí),步長提高到1.16m。低速、中速和高速走時(shí),重心位移距離基本保持在0.10m。低速和中速走時(shí)騰空時(shí)間分別為42ms和58ms,高速走時(shí)騰空時(shí)間為58ms。研究結(jié)論:1.世界優(yōu)秀女子20km競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽中,前10km的速度變化不大,技術(shù)參數(shù)趨于穩(wěn)定。10-15km表現(xiàn)出明顯的變速特征,這與技戰(zhàn)術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)與安排密切相關(guān)。15-20km則表現(xiàn)出高速走特征,是技術(shù)動(dòng)作優(yōu)化及發(fā)揮的關(guān)鍵期,技術(shù)波動(dòng)較為明顯。2.低速下整體前八名運(yùn)動(dòng)員的技術(shù)動(dòng)作保持較為穩(wěn)定,國外運(yùn)動(dòng)員步幅都大于1.10m,劉虹和呂秀芝都不足1.10m,我國運(yùn)動(dòng)員步長較國外運(yùn)動(dòng)員較小,騰空時(shí)間八名運(yùn)動(dòng)員都保持在47.88ms±10.09ms,在裁判肉眼判罰58ms以內(nèi),整體運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)表現(xiàn)較好。3.中速條件下,運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)動(dòng)作有不同的表現(xiàn),劉虹為小步高頻,呂秀芝動(dòng)作較為穩(wěn)定,但步長有所加大,奧里亞諾夫斯卡兩大腿夾角與步長都與慢速的指標(biāo)基本一致無明顯變化,低中速都較為穩(wěn)定,其他國外選手中速指標(biāo)變化略有起伏,技術(shù)控制有波動(dòng)。4.高速下劉虹技術(shù)特征表現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定,但步長較短。呂秀芝步長隨著速度的增加到1.15m,騰空時(shí)間明顯增加到75ms,有判罰的危險(xiǎn),高速段技術(shù)穩(wěn)定性較差。奧利亞諾夫斯卡隨著速度的增加,步長增加,騰空時(shí)間與低中速相近,有較好的技術(shù)表現(xiàn)。5.建議我國女子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員重視后程加速能力的訓(xùn)練,加強(qiáng)髖部靈活性練習(xí),彌補(bǔ)步長不足,通過協(xié)調(diào)、通過協(xié)調(diào)及柔韌性練習(xí)有效控制高速條件下騰空問題。
[Abstract]:Research objective: in 1996, the change of the old rules of Race Walking had a great impact on the traditional technical style of "small Ki, Fast Ki Frequency" in our country, and was punished many times in the competition. In recent years, through the improvement of technology, the technical fouls of our country's walking athletes have been greatly reduced. In order to explore the reasons, this paper analyzes the technical movements of athletes at different speeds, understands the present situation of technology at home and abroad, compares and analyzes the technical characteristics, and summarizes the technical characteristics of athletes at different speeds. The aim is to provide guarantee for the technical improvement and training of Chinese race walkers. Methods: eight world elite women race walkers were chosen as research objects. By means of test, mathematical statistics, interview and literature investigation, the whole course of the women's 20km race walkers in 2015 Beijing World Athletic Championship was recorded, and the video was digitally processed and analyzed by using the APAS video analysis system. The result of the study was: 1. The average step length of Liu Hong is 1.06m. under the condition of medium speed and high speed, the average step length of Liu Hong is less than the average of 1.10m of 8 athletes. The distance of gravity center displacement is 0.08m when walking at low and medium speed, and 0.10m when walking at high speed. The vacating time of low and medium speed walking is 58ms and 75ms, respectively, and that of high speed walking is 67ms.2. Annette Lu's average step was 1.07m. When walking at medium speed and high speed, the step size is not changed much, and the step length is relatively small. The displacement distance of gravity center is 0.07m and 0.10m at low speed and 0.10m at medium speed, and 0.09m at high speed. The vacationing time at low speed and medium speed is 42ms and 50ms, respectively, and that at high speed walking is 75ms.3. The average step length of Aulia Novka is 1.12m.When walking at medium speed and high speed, the step size is stable at about 1.12m, and the step size increases to 1.16m at high speed. At low speed, medium speed and high speed walking, the center of gravity displacement distance is basically kept at 0.10 m. The vacationing time at low speed and medium speed is 42ms and 58ms, respectively, and the time at high speed walking is 58ms. Conclusion: 1. In the competition of world elite women 20km race walkers, the speed of the former 10km does not change much, and the technical parameters tend to be stable. 10-15km shows obvious characteristics of changing speed, which is closely related to the design and arrangement of techniques and tactics. 15-20km shows the characteristics of high-speed walking. Is the key period of technical action optimization and play, the technical fluctuation is obvious. 2. 2. At low speed, the technical movements of the top eight athletes as a whole remained relatively stable. The stride of foreign athletes was larger than 1.10m. Liu Hong and Annette Lu were all less than 1.10m.The Chinese athletes' stride length was smaller than that of foreign athletes. The eight athletes remained in the 47.88ms 鹵10.09 msand the referee decided to punish the 58ms with the naked eye, and the overall athlete's technical performance was better. 3. Under the conditions of medium speed, the athletes' technical movements have different performances. Liu Hong is a small step with high frequency, and Annette Lu's movement is relatively stable, but the step size has increased. The angle and step length of Oria's two thighs are basically consistent with the slow speed index, the low and medium speed are stable, the other foreign players' medium speed index change slightly fluctuate, the technical control has fluctuation .4.The result shows that there is no obvious change in the two thighs' angle and the step length of the two thighs. Under the high speed Liu Hong technology characteristic performance is stable, but the step length is short. Annette Lu's step length increased to 1.15m with the increase of speed, and the time of flight obviously increased to 75ms. there was a risk of punishment, and the technical stability of high-speed section was poor. With the increase of speed, the step size of Aulia Noska increases, and the time of flight is close to that of low and medium speed, and has good technical performance. It is suggested that Chinese women race walkers pay attention to the training of late acceleration ability, strengthen the flexibility exercise of hip, make up for the deficiency of step length, and effectively control the problem of vacating at high speed through coordination and flexibility exercises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G821

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳剛;江蘇省部分競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員個(gè)性特征的研究[J];湖北體育科技;2001年02期

2 高偉;淺析青少年競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)的發(fā)展[J];田徑;2001年11期

3 田世平;普通高校高水平競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練探討[J];山東體育科技;2005年02期

4 張暉,李紅;競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽期間營養(yǎng)調(diào)配初探[J];田徑;2005年06期

5 李澤龍;王希柳;;中外優(yōu)秀女子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)參數(shù)對(duì)比分析[J];體育科技文獻(xiàn)通報(bào);2006年03期

6 王晏;周宏;;第28屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)我國競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽失利的多因素分析[J];西安體育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2007年01期

7 王林;崔艷榮;李鐵錄;;我國優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展趨勢研究[J];北京體育大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年08期

8 劉海明;敬龍軍;;我國青少年競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練誤區(qū)的探討[J];長春理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(高教版);2010年02期

9 白旭宇;;對(duì)世居高原競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加平原比賽下山時(shí)間的研究[J];貴州體育科技;2010年03期

10 梁正乾;蔣秋艷;;我國青少年競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員楊明霞的選材及技術(shù)培養(yǎng)分析[J];田徑;2010年03期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 魏統(tǒng)朋;宗華敬;;剖析我國優(yōu)秀女子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員髖關(guān)節(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)存在的問題[A];第七屆全國體育科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編（二）[C];2004年

2 賈誼;朱興濤;;我國女子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)參數(shù)與運(yùn)動(dòng)能耗關(guān)系分析[A];第十六屆全國運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)交流大會(huì)（CABS 2013）論文集[C];2013年

3 劉傳勤;于紅妍;楊絳梅;;我國奧運(yùn)會(huì)20公里競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢關(guān)節(jié)肌力平衡狀態(tài)對(duì)其下肢關(guān)節(jié)穩(wěn)定性的影響[A];中華人民共和國第十一屆運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編[C];2009年

4 曹偉;李捷;;備戰(zhàn)2008奧運(yùn)女子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員服用避孕藥媽富隆后體內(nèi)睪酮皮質(zhì)醇的變化[A];中華人民共和國第十一屆運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編[C];2009年

5 王林;;我國優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展趨勢研究[A];中華人民共和國第十一屆運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編[C];2009年

6 宋祺鵬;張翠;毛德偉;賈剛;宋紹利;;山東省優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員動(dòng)作技術(shù)診斷[A];第十四屆全國運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)交流大會(huì)論文集[C];2010年

7 王銀行;;競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員體能監(jiān)測與恢復(fù)[A];山東體育科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)2006年學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2006年

8 李建臣;劉建通;靳繼成;王永安;;我國優(yōu)秀女子20公里競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員后半程競走技術(shù)的三維運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)研究[A];第八屆全國體育科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編（一）[C];2007年

9 李繼輝;;中國優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)風(fēng)格及技術(shù)動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析[A];第八屆全國體育科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編（一）[C];2007年

10 邱俊強(qiáng);田野;;我國平原與世居高原優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員遺傳學(xué)差異的研究[A];第八屆全國體育科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編（二）[C];2007年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前2條

1 記者 云獻(xiàn)科;2009年全國競走大獎(jiǎng)賽在寶雞市舉行[N];陜西日?qǐng)?bào);2009年

2 ;競走是奪牌的王牌[N];中國體育報(bào);2000年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 敬龍軍;中國優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容體系研究[D];北京體育大學(xué);2010年

2 胡好;我國20公里優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員年度訓(xùn)練結(jié)構(gòu)研究[D];北京體育大學(xué);2009年

3 于紅妍;優(yōu)秀20公里競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員功能性力量的特征及其對(duì)技術(shù)影響研究[D];北京體育大學(xué);2009年

4 周振華;我國男子20公里高水平競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練負(fù)荷控制的研究[D];北京體育大學(xué);2013年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 陳馬強(qiáng);對(duì)我國優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技、戰(zhàn)術(shù)的研究[D];西南大學(xué);2009年

2 王林;現(xiàn)階段我國高水平競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員主要競技能力的分析[D];北京體育大學(xué);2007年

3 王海亮;甘肅省青少年男子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)研究[D];西北師范大學(xué);2010年

4 王婧寧;甘肅省青少年女子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)研究[D];西北師范大學(xué);2010年

5 王平;備戰(zhàn)2012年倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)我國優(yōu)秀女子20公里競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀和訓(xùn)練對(duì)策研究[D];西安體育學(xué)院;2012年

6 譚田田;山東省優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練與比賽運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)技術(shù)特征的對(duì)比研究[D];山東體育學(xué)院;2012年

7 袁從萬;影響云南省青少年男子競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員競走技術(shù)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)因素研究[D];云南師范大學(xué);2015年

8 徐翔;世界優(yōu)秀女子青少年競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)模式的構(gòu)建研究[D];首都體育學(xué)院;2016年

9 耿新偉;我國優(yōu)秀男子青年競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員競走技術(shù)特征研究[D];首都體育學(xué)院;2016年

10 任鵬;我國優(yōu)秀競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員多發(fā)性運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查研究[D];吉林體育學(xué)院;2016年

，

本文編號(hào)：1956728