本文選題：無意視盲　切入點：顯著性　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究已證實,無意視盲的現(xiàn)象是普遍存在的。目前對于無意視盲的研究中更多的是關(guān)于刺激的顯著性、認(rèn)知負(fù)荷,同時還包括了對記憶內(nèi)容的研究。無意視盲在很多領(lǐng)域的研究已經(jīng)很成熟,例如生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域?qū)λ纳窠?jīng)機制做過許多的研究;在交通領(lǐng)域中通過對相關(guān)的交通標(biāo)志及交通信號等研究,從而降低交通事故的發(fā)生率,而在體育領(lǐng)域中對無意視盲的研究還比較少。目前對于無意視盲的研究范式已經(jīng)有很多,并且依靠這些研究范式我們已經(jīng)解決了很多的實際問題。在定向越野中定向識圖能力更多的是考驗參加者視覺注意方面的能力,所以在很多情況下容易產(chǎn)生視盲現(xiàn)象,本實驗通過借鑒之前關(guān)于非期望刺激的顯著性(顏色、位置、形狀等)以及認(rèn)知負(fù)荷對無意視盲的研究,結(jié)合著前人對定向越野的研究中易受到的影響的心理因素,從而用無意視盲現(xiàn)象對定向越野中的一些現(xiàn)象加以解釋,并探究定向越野比賽中產(chǎn)生視盲的影響因素,以及視盲對識圖成績的影響。因為百米定向相比于其它的定向項目具有更靈活、更便捷的特點,同時也更考驗心理素質(zhì)以及注意的品質(zhì),所以實驗中采用的是百米定向地圖。本研究通過隨機抽樣的方式,隨機的在本科和研究生當(dāng)中選取了64人,對無關(guān)變量條件加以控制之后進行相關(guān)的實驗研究。每一組參與者都會循環(huán)進行幾個相關(guān)的實驗,所有的實驗都是在室內(nèi)條件下進行,所以無意視盲與百米定向識圖成績的實驗不會受到被試者體能和運動技能的影響,減少了實驗無關(guān)變量對實驗結(jié)果的影響。因為比賽當(dāng)中人隨時都是在運動中的,所以動態(tài)的視盲研究范式能更好的模擬比賽場景,能更好的體現(xiàn)生態(tài)學(xué)意義。通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在出現(xiàn)無意視盲的人中,女生比男生更容易出現(xiàn)視盲的現(xiàn)象,普通組比體育組更容易出現(xiàn)視盲的現(xiàn)象,;在實驗當(dāng)中刺激出現(xiàn)在邊緣的位置或者非期望刺激的特征不顯著時,確實導(dǎo)致了許多被試者產(chǎn)生無意視盲,這與之前的研究相一致。通過對視盲程度和識圖成績做線性回歸分析時發(fā)現(xiàn),視盲程度的高低和識圖成績的高低基本呈線性關(guān)系,視盲程度低的被試者在定向識圖成績方面確實表現(xiàn)的比較好。
[Abstract]:Studies have confirmed the prevalence of unintentional blindness.At present, the study of unintentional visual blindness is more about the significance of stimulation, cognitive load, but also includes the study of memory content.Unintentional blindness has been well studied in many fields, such as biology, its neural mechanism, traffic signs, traffic signals, and so on.So as to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, but in the field of sports unintentional blindness is still less research.At present, there are many research paradigms for unintentional blindness, and we have solved a lot of practical problems by relying on these research paradigms.The ability of orienteering in orienteering cross-country is to test the visual attention ability of participants, so it is easy to produce visual blindness in many cases.) and the cognitive load on unintentional visual blindness, combined with the psychological factors that have been easily affected in previous studies on orienteering, thus explaining some of the phenomena in orienteering cross-country with the phenomenon of unintentional blindness.The influence factors of visual blindness in orienteering cross-country competitions and the influence of visual blindness on the achievement of map recognition were explored.Because the 100-meter orientation is more flexible and convenient than other orienteering projects, it also tests the psychological quality and the quality of attention, so the 100-meter directional map is used in the experiment.In this study, 64 people were randomly selected from the undergraduate and graduate students by random sampling, and then the independent variables were controlled and the relevant experimental research was carried out.Each group of participants carried out several related experiments in cycles, all of which were conducted in indoor conditions, so that the subjects' physical and motor skills were not affected by the results of unintentional blindness and 100-meter directional mapping.The influence of experimental independent variables on experimental results is reduced.Because people in the game are always in the movement, dynamic visual blindness research paradigm can better simulate the competition scene, and better reflect the ecological significance.The study found that girls are more likely than boys to develop visual blindness in people with unintentional blindness.The common group is more prone to visual blindness than the sports group. In the experiment, when the stimuli appear at the edge or the characteristics of the unexpected stimulus are not significant, it does lead to many subjects produce unintentional visual blindness, which is consistent with previous studies.Through the linear regression analysis on the degree of visual blindness and the score of map recognition, it was found that the degree of visual blindness and the degree of recognition of map were basically linear, and the subjects with low degree of visual blindness did indeed perform well in the aspect of directional recognition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G826

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