本文選題：河北省　切入點(diǎn)：足球裁判員　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：體能問題一直是伴隨足球裁判員執(zhí)法生涯中的一個(gè)實(shí)質(zhì)性問題,對(duì)裁判員是否能順利完成比賽執(zhí)法任務(wù)起著決定性的作用。在90分鐘甚至是120分鐘的比賽中,裁判員若沒有較好的體能儲(chǔ)備,是很難在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員作出準(zhǔn)確判罰的。當(dāng)代足球比賽激烈程度的日益增加和裁判員體能的滯后將成為一對(duì)新的矛盾,提高足球裁判員的體能水平勢必是一種大的趨勢�；诖�,本研究通過對(duì)參加2016年河北省足球裁判長、裁判員兩期培訓(xùn)班全部人員的問卷調(diào)查,通過對(duì)參加培訓(xùn)班的裁判員體能測試成績進(jìn)行收集和對(duì)河北省部分足球裁判員在2016年河北省的大小5個(gè)賽事中的觀察和臨場運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)采集,以及通過對(duì)河北省足球裁判專家、裁判專業(yè)人士及部分享譽(yù)盛名的足球裁判專業(yè)人士的訪問調(diào)查等,在進(jìn)行了大量的數(shù)據(jù)處理和邏輯分析后,認(rèn)為河北省足球裁判員的整體體能現(xiàn)狀一般,主要是大量低級(jí)別裁判員的體能狀況不佳,兩級(jí)分化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,這對(duì)河北省足球裁判員隊(duì)伍今后的良性發(fā)展不利。河北省足球裁判員在思想認(rèn)識(shí)上都能對(duì)足球裁判員體能的重要性引起重視,認(rèn)為良好的體能水平是足球裁判員所必需的,同時(shí)認(rèn)為足球裁判員日常的體能訓(xùn)練也是必要的。但通過實(shí)際調(diào)查與分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分河北省足球裁判員在行動(dòng)中并沒有把發(fā)展體能作為裁判員實(shí)務(wù)的一部分,也并沒有經(jīng)常進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的體能訓(xùn)練。對(duì)于會(huì)在平時(shí)進(jìn)行體能訓(xùn)練的大部分裁判員來說,其在訓(xùn)練的時(shí)間、內(nèi)容、手段上也不能正確、合理的進(jìn)行有效的訓(xùn)練,缺乏專業(yè)性。以上通過河北省足球裁判員體能測試的結(jié)果就能體現(xiàn)出。河北省足球協(xié)會(huì)針對(duì)足球裁判員的體能測試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是參照中國足協(xié)的相應(yīng)規(guī)定而實(shí)施的,在這一體測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下,河北省全體足球裁判員的通過率不足50%,不得不說河北省足球裁判員的整體體能水平較差,而拉低河北省足球裁判員整體體能水平的多是年輕的低級(jí)別裁判員。河北省高級(jí)別足球裁判員的體能水平較好,能對(duì)自身的體能發(fā)展制定相應(yīng)的計(jì)劃,按計(jì)劃在平時(shí)進(jìn)行體能訓(xùn)練,在河北省的各級(jí)別賽事中,高級(jí)別足球裁判員也是進(jìn)行比賽執(zhí)法的中堅(jiān)力量。相對(duì)于高水平比賽,省內(nèi)的各種比賽對(duì)于河北省足球裁判員來說都能有充沛的體能應(yīng)對(duì)執(zhí)法工作,而且通過觀察,裁判員的運(yùn)動(dòng)距離會(huì)隨著比賽激烈程度的升高而升高,說明河北省足球足球裁判員的體能對(duì)于執(zhí)法省內(nèi)比賽來說游刃有余。河北省男子足球裁判員的平均BMI值高于正常水平,高出不多,但仍屬于超重,可以認(rèn)為河北省足球裁判員的身體形態(tài)略顯肥胖。河北省女子足球裁判員YO-YO測試成績太低,體能狀況差,體能水平的提高亟待解決。鑒于河北省足球裁判員體能現(xiàn)狀所呈現(xiàn)出來的問題,本研究試做出一些建議:首先應(yīng)該由官方制定出針對(duì)河北省足球裁判員的體能訓(xùn)練建議方法,在足球裁判員的培訓(xùn)期間集中學(xué)習(xí)。河北省足球協(xié)會(huì)在對(duì)本省足球裁判員進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)的期間,涉及裁判員體能的只有體能測試這一項(xiàng)課時(shí),不能因?yàn)闇y試而測試,應(yīng)該在對(duì)于如何發(fā)展足球裁判員自身的體能及如何科學(xué)的進(jìn)行針對(duì)足球裁判員的體能訓(xùn)練等問題上為裁判員提供理論知識(shí),增設(shè)關(guān)于足球裁判員體能的課時(shí),因?yàn)榫退阌袊H足聯(lián)以及亞足聯(lián)的體能訓(xùn)練建議方法,大部分裁判員不能及時(shí)獲取,對(duì)如何發(fā)展自身的體能還是無章可循。其次應(yīng)該在官方制度上建立針對(duì)河北省足球裁判員體能發(fā)展的規(guī)劃,用制度督促河北省足球裁判員發(fā)展自身體能�？梢越⒑颖笔∽闱虿门袉T上傳日常體能訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)的機(jī)制,也可以規(guī)定在除了一年一度的裁判員培訓(xùn)班體能測試外的其他時(shí)間,每隔一段時(shí)間進(jìn)行一次體能測試的機(jī)制,這些體能測試和數(shù)據(jù)上傳可以讓各地市進(jìn)行監(jiān)管。尤其是要加強(qiáng)對(duì)河北省年輕低級(jí)別足球裁判員的監(jiān)管,為河北省足球裁判員隊(duì)伍的良性發(fā)展打好基礎(chǔ)。最后是針對(duì)河北省足球裁判員自身的建議,希望河北省足球裁判員不管在思想上還是在行動(dòng)上都能把發(fā)展體能作為一個(gè)合格足球裁判員的重要組成部分來對(duì)待,不要做思想上的巨人,行動(dòng)中的矮子,要切實(shí)把平時(shí)的體能訓(xùn)練問題抓緊�？梢岳靡恍╇娮釉O(shè)備了解自己在日�；顒�(dòng)及訓(xùn)練中的體能狀態(tài),從而有針對(duì)性的進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。還要注意體能訓(xùn)練的全面性原則,對(duì)各項(xiàng)素質(zhì)的發(fā)展都應(yīng)該面面俱到。在平時(shí)要做到健康生活、合理膳食,保持一個(gè)積極健康的氣質(zhì)狀態(tài),才能在綠茵場上展現(xiàn)一名足球裁判員的活力。
[Abstract]:The physical problem is always a substantive issue of football referees career in law enforcement, to judge whether it can smoothly finish the task of law enforcement plays a decisive role. In 90 minutes or even 120 minutes of the game, the referee if there is no good physical reserves, it is difficult in the critical moment of the athletes to make accurate decisions. The lag of modern football match intensity increases and the referee physical will become a new contradictions, improve the physical fitness level of football referees is bound to be a big trend. Based on this, through the research of Hebei Province in 2016 to participate in football referee, the referee staff questionnaire all two training courses, observation and on-the-spot movement through the collection of the physical fitness test scores to participate in training courses and on the part of the football referee in 2016 in Hebei Province, Hebei province the size of 5 in the tournament The data acquisition, as well as by experts of Hebei province soccer referee, referee professional and famous football referee professional investigation, in the data processing and logical analysis of a large number of Hebei Province, think of football referees overall physical status in general, is mainly a large number of low level referees in poor physical condition, two stage differentiation phenomenon is serious, which is detrimental to the Hebei province football referee team development. Hebei province football referees can the importance of football referees physical attention in the ideological understanding, think good physical level is necessary for football referees, at the same time that the football referee daily physical training is necessary. But by the actual investigation and analysis, found that most of Hebei province football referees in action and not the physical development as a referee practice Part, did not often carry out corresponding physical training. For most of the judges in peacetime training, its content in the training time, nor means correct, reasonable effective training, lack of professional football in Hebei province. Through the physical test results can reflect. Hebei province Football Association for football referees' physical fitness test standard is the corresponding provisions of the football association and the implementation of the Chinese reference, in the development of measurement standards, Hebei province all football referees through rate of less than 50%, have to say that Hebei province football referees overall fitness level is poor, and the lower Hebei province football referees overall fitness level more low level referees young high level football referees in Hebei province. The level of physical fitness is better, to their physical development plan accordingly, as planned in the The usual physical training, at all levels of competition in the province of Hebei, the backbone of the high level football referees is competition law enforcement. Compared with the high level competition, various provincial competitions for football referee in Hebei province is to have abundant energy to deal with law enforcement work, and through observation, the moving distance increases with increasing fierce competition, Hebei province football referees for physical law enforcement capability. The average BMI Province competition in Hebei province men's football referees was higher than the normal level, higher than that, but still belong to that body shape slightly overweight, Hebei province football referees obesity. Hebei Province Women's football referee YO-YO test scores too low, poor physical condition, physical fitness level improvement of Hebei province. In view of the present status quo of physical fitness of soccer referees out The problem, this research tries to make some suggestions: first of all should be set by the authorities for physical training methods and suggestions in Hebei province football referees, during the training of football referees on learning. Hebei province Football Association during the training of football referees, involving physical fitness test and the referee only this one class, not the test because the test, should be how to develop the referee s physical ability and how to conduct scientific physical training aiming at the problem of football referees for referees to provide theoretical knowledge, adding about football referee physical class, because even if there is FIFA and physical training methods suggest the AFC, most of the judges can not timely access to, or no rules on how to develop their physical fitness. Secondly, in the official system should be established for Hebei province Football Conference Judge the physical development plan, with a system of supervision in Hebei province. Its physical development of football referees can establish the mechanism of Hebei province football referees uploaded daily physical training data, can also be provided in other time in addition to the referee training class of physical fitness test once a year abroad, every time a physical test system, the physical fitness test and upload the data can be monitored to around the city. Especially to strengthen young low level football referees in Hebei Province supervision, lay a good foundation for the healthy development of Hebei province football referee team in Hebei province. Finally, the referee s suggestions, hoping that Hebei football referees in thought or deed can the development of physical fitness as an important part to qualified football referee, do not mind the giant, dwarf son in action That should make the pay close attention to the problem of physical fitness training. Usually can understand their daily activities and training in the physical condition of using electronic equipment, which targeted training must pay attention to the comprehensive principle of physical training, should reach every aspect of a matter for the development of quality. In peacetime to achieve healthy life, reasonable diet, maintain a positive and healthy temperament state, in order to show the vitality of a football referee in the football field.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G843

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