本文關鍵詞： 中學生足球運動員 身體素質 運動損傷 下肢力量 下肢平衡　出處：《北京體育大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：足球運動在我國近幾年來開展地越來越好,在國家對足球的大力扶持下,越來越多的孩子參與到了足球運動之中。隨著年齡的增長和訓練水平的提高,中學生足球運動員的傷病發(fā)生率呈現(xiàn)逐年增加的趨勢。此前針對青少年足球損傷預防方面的研究,大多停留在問卷調查的層面,定量的研究非常少。本研究選擇中國中學生足球聯(lián)隊作為觀察對象,測試中學生足球聯(lián)隊運動員的一般身體素質,用直觀的數(shù)據(jù)來描述中學生足球聯(lián)隊運動員的身體素質特征,結合已知的風險因素對一般身體素質特征進行分析,總結可能造成傷病的原因,針對性的提出相應的防治措施,改善中學生運動員的身體素質,提高中學生足球運動員損傷預防的能力。同時,本研究通過匯總優(yōu)秀中學生足球運動員的身體素質特征數(shù)據(jù),為U17年齡段足球運動員康復提供參考依據(jù)。第一部分研究通過系統(tǒng)性測試的方式對優(yōu)秀中學生足球運動員進行了測試并取得了相關數(shù)據(jù)。測試包含10方面,共11項測試,通過分析速度、靈敏、耐力、功能動作、核心穩(wěn)定性、下肢爆發(fā)力、核心肌肉力量、下肢肌肉力量、下肢穩(wěn)定性、膝關節(jié)生物力學特征來總結中國中學生足球聯(lián)隊運動員的身體素質特征,為U17年齡段的足球運動員康復提供依據(jù)。第二部分研究通過分析測試結果發(fā)現(xiàn),中學生足球運動員在身體素質方面還是表現(xiàn)出一些問題,通過對損傷因素的分析,有針對性的提出預防損傷的建議來幫助運動員避免非意外傷害。研究結論:中學生足球聯(lián)隊運動員乆繩肌向心力比股四頭肌向心力量弱,股四頭肌和乆繩肌之比(Q/H)為1:0.72,存在乆繩肌損傷和前交叉韌帶損傷風險;中學生足球聯(lián)隊運動員小腿優(yōu)勢側比非優(yōu)勢側向心力量強,優(yōu)勢側比非優(yōu)勢側多10%;中學生足球聯(lián)隊運動員股四頭肌向心力比乆繩肌離心力大,股四頭肌向心肌力和乆繩肌離心肌力比(QC/HE)為1:0.65,存在乆繩肌損傷風險;康復訓練可以有效降低中學生足球聯(lián)隊運動員損傷的發(fā)生率。
[Abstract]:Football in our country in recent years, the development of more and better, in the national support for football, more and more children to participate in football. With the increase of age and improve the training level of athletes, high school football injury rate has increased year by year. Prior to the prevention of youth football injury, most remain in the survey level, quantitative research is very little. This study Chinese middle school football wing as the object of observation, general physical fitness test students united football players, with intuitive data to describe the physical characteristics of middle school students united football players, with known risk factors for general physical characteristics analyze, summarize the reasons may cause injury, put forward corresponding preventive measures, improve the student athlete's body The quality, improve the ability of soccer athletes injury prevention of middle school students. At the same time, this study through the physical characteristics of data collection of excellent students soccer athletes, and provide the reference for the U17 age football player rehabilitation. The first part of the study through the system test of excellent students football players were tested and obtained the test contains 10 related data. A total of 11 tests, through the analysis of speed, stamina, agility, movement function, core stability, explosive force, core muscle strength, lower limb muscle strength, limb stability, biomechanical characteristics of knee joint to summarize the physical characteristics of middle school students China United Football athletes, to provide the basis for rehabilitation of football players ages U17. The second part of the study through the analysis of the test results showed that the high school football athletes in physical fitness or show Some problems, through the analysis of the damage factors, put forward the suggestion of injury prevention to help players avoid non accidental injury. Conclusion: students United Football Athletes people hamstring centripetal force than the stock four muscles centripetal force is weak, the stock four muscles and hamstrings people ratio (Q/H) for 1:0.72. There are people of hamstring muscle injury and ACL injury risk; school football athletes United side leg advantage than non superiority side of centripetal force, dominant side than non superiority side of 10% middle school students; United Football Athletes stock four muscles centripetal force than people hamstring large centrifugal force unit four biceps muscle force and centripetal hamstring eccentric person than (QC/HE) 1:0.65, are kind of risk of hamstring muscle injury; rehabilitation training can effectively reduce the incidence of injury. The United Soccer Athletes

【學位授予單位】：北京體育大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G843

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本文編號：1548121