【摘要】：目的對(duì)塔城市1999年至2004年所有參加高考的學(xué)生進(jìn)行屈光狀況調(diào)查分析。方法對(duì)塔城市六年間所有參加的高考學(xué)生進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裸眼視力檢查,對(duì)視力不正常者作常規(guī)眼科檢查、用自動(dòng)驗(yàn)光儀驗(yàn)光及顯然驗(yàn)光。2004年對(duì)雙眼裸眼視力均正常(≥1.0)的326名考生測(cè)量了眼軸長(zhǎng)度。結(jié)果共檢9846人,漢族考生7557人,少數(shù)民族考生2289人。少數(shù)民族中哈薩克族考生1154人,維吾爾族考生736人,回族考生115人,達(dá)斡爾族80人,俄羅斯考生55人,蒙古族考生51人,其它如柯?tīng)柨俗巫�、錫伯族、塔塔爾族、滿(mǎn)族、壯族共98人。平均年齡為(18.31±0.45)歲。共檢19692眼,視力正常10012眼,占50.84%,視力異常眼數(shù)9680眼,占49.16%。視力異常眼中,有14眼為外傷性白內(nèi)障及眼球萎縮,103只眼為弱視眼,占視力異常眼數(shù)的1.21%,其余均可矯正至正常。漢族考生中屈光不正患病率為57.11%,少數(shù)民族為22.89%,二者有極顯著性差異(P0.01)。男考生和女考生的近視患病率分別為41.22%和58.78%,男女考生之間有極顯著性差異(P0.01)。各民族考生屈光不正以輕中度為主,不同民族間考生屈光不正的構(gòu)成比有顯著性差異(P0.05)�？忌诓煌甓戎g屈光不正患病率亦有顯著性差異(P0.01)。2004年視力正常的考生中維族學(xué)生眼軸最短,漢族學(xué)生眼軸最長(zhǎng)。結(jié)論所調(diào)查人群的屈光狀態(tài)存在性別、民族、程度及年度之差異將有助于針對(duì)性地保護(hù)視力的健康教育和近視病因?qū)W研究。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate and analyze the refractive status of all the students taking the college entrance examination from 1999 to 2004 in Tacheng. Methods all the college entrance examination students who took part in the college entrance examination in Tacheng during the past six years were examined with standard naked eyesight, and the patients with abnormal vision were examined by routine ophthalmology. Using automatic optometry and apparent optometry 326 students with normal binocular naked visual acuity (鈮，

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