【摘要】：政治心態(tài),即政治心理態(tài)度,主要表現(xiàn)為政治取向方面的認(rèn)知、情感、評(píng)價(jià)和動(dòng)機(jī),對(duì)大學(xué)生的政治參與起著支配性作用的政治心理取向。作為政治素質(zhì)的核心,政治心態(tài)是大學(xué)生樹(shù)立正確政治思想的關(guān)鍵,是其政治參與的內(nèi)在驅(qū)動(dòng)力,也是他們形成正確的世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀的心理基礎(chǔ)。 進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),由于改革開(kāi)放向更深層次、更廣領(lǐng)域不斷推進(jìn),我國(guó)社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)濟(jì)成分、組織形式、就業(yè)方式、利益關(guān)系和分配方式日益多樣化,當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的政治信仰、思想觀念、價(jià)值取向、行為方式都受到了較大的沖擊。他們的政治心態(tài)與以往的大學(xué)生相比,也發(fā)生了較明顯的變化。只有認(rèn)真分析研究這種變化,才能準(zhǔn)確把握其政治心態(tài)狀況,為我們創(chuàng)新的開(kāi)展有針對(duì)性的思想政治教育工作提供第一手資料和有力的現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù),也為我們的思想政治教育工作順利有效的開(kāi)展提供有力保證。 本文將結(jié)合自身的教育教學(xué)實(shí)踐,以90后大學(xué)生為主要對(duì)象,用實(shí)證與理論相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)大學(xué)生的政治心態(tài)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。為保證調(diào)查的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性和真實(shí)客觀性,本次調(diào)查采用問(wèn)道網(wǎng)在線問(wèn)卷形式,以重慶建筑工程職業(yè)學(xué)院、重慶三峽學(xué)院、四川理工學(xué)院的學(xué)生為主對(duì)當(dāng)前高校的大學(xué)生進(jìn)行隨機(jī)匿名問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,對(duì)本校部分學(xué)生也進(jìn)行了直接交談。問(wèn)卷共設(shè)計(jì)了50個(gè)問(wèn)題,在線發(fā)布一個(gè)半月,收回問(wèn)卷202份。 調(diào)查問(wèn)卷經(jīng)過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析顯示：我國(guó)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生政治心態(tài)主流積極向上,對(duì)當(dāng)前我國(guó)的政治指導(dǎo)思想、基本政治制度、政治體制、黨的大政方針能夠認(rèn)同和擁護(hù),已具有一定的參政、議政意識(shí)。具體體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：政治認(rèn)知多元開(kāi)放;政治情感積極健康；政治評(píng)價(jià)趨于理性；政治動(dòng)機(jī)呈現(xiàn)淡泊功利趨勢(shì)。我們?cè)诔浞挚隙ó?dāng)代青年大學(xué)生政治心態(tài)的主流的同時(shí),也需要對(duì)他們當(dāng)中存在的問(wèn)題作出足夠的估計(jì)。調(diào)查顯示,過(guò)去廣泛存在于當(dāng)代大學(xué)生中的幾種不良政治心態(tài)依然存在,主要包括政治回避心態(tài)、政治激進(jìn)心態(tài)、政治功利主義心態(tài)、政治逆反心態(tài)等。影響當(dāng)代大學(xué)和政治心態(tài)的因素是多方面的,主要包括大學(xué)生的家庭背景、所處高校校園政治文化環(huán)境、社會(huì)矛盾和社會(huì)負(fù)面信息的影響、網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息的復(fù)雜性、高校思想政治教育工作狀況以及西方的政治意識(shí)的滲透等。為此,我們需要對(duì)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的政治心態(tài)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化和引導(dǎo)。 那么在新的歷史條件下,究竟應(yīng)如何加強(qiáng)大學(xué)生的思想政治教育,調(diào)整大學(xué)生的政治心態(tài)呢?這正是本研究日的之所在。首先,我們要加強(qiáng)隊(duì)伍建設(shè),造就一批政治過(guò)硬、業(yè)務(wù)精湛的思想政治理論課教師隊(duì)伍。具體而言,應(yīng)嚴(yán)格實(shí)施教師準(zhǔn)入制度,嚴(yán)把政治關(guān)、師德關(guān)和業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)；把思想政治理論課教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)擺在更加突出的位置；加快教師培養(yǎng)培訓(xùn)體系的制定和完善；思想政治理論課教師自身也要全面提高思想政治素質(zhì)和業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)。第二,用社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系引領(lǐng)大學(xué)生主流意識(shí)。高校必須始終把社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系作為教育學(xué)生的指導(dǎo)思想,把社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系建設(shè)納入其人才培養(yǎng)的全過(guò)程。在具體工作中,應(yīng)加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系的理論灌輸；強(qiáng)化大學(xué)生的黨史國(guó)情教育；弘揚(yáng)和培育大學(xué)生的中華民族精神；把社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系的要求融入實(shí)踐體驗(yàn)活動(dòng)中。第三,構(gòu)筑高校與家庭、社會(huì)培育一體化環(huán)境。首先,高校思想政治教育工作者(包括思想政治理論課教師、校學(xué)工部、團(tuán)委工作人員,院系黨總支副書記、專職輔導(dǎo)員等)和家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)建立起和諧統(tǒng)一的伙伴關(guān)系,彼此平等合作,分擔(dān)責(zé)任,共同為提升教育的整體質(zhì)量,培育學(xué)生健康的政治心態(tài)而努力；同時(shí),也決不能忽視學(xué)校與社會(huì)教育相結(jié)合的原則。第四,積極利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)陣地,建立網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息收集與引導(dǎo)機(jī)制。具體而言,高校要提升思政教育工作者的網(wǎng)絡(luò)意識(shí)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)素養(yǎng),壯大網(wǎng)絡(luò)思政工作力量;充分發(fā)揮網(wǎng)絡(luò)在思想政治教育中的重要作用,建設(shè)好融思想性、知識(shí)性、趣味性、服務(wù)性于一體的思想政治教育專題網(wǎng)站,使其成為學(xué)生關(guān)注學(xué)校動(dòng)態(tài),交流溝通的有效平臺(tái)；積極運(yùn)用新媒體引導(dǎo)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生樹(shù)立健康科學(xué)的社會(huì)政治心態(tài)。第五,建立大學(xué)生政治心態(tài)失衡監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警機(jī)制。在具體操作上,應(yīng)建立院、系、班三級(jí)政治心態(tài)失衡預(yù)警機(jī)制；建立學(xué)生政治心態(tài)健康普查制度；建立學(xué)生政治心態(tài)狀況匯報(bào)制度；建立學(xué)生政治心態(tài)工作應(yīng)急機(jī)制。當(dāng)然,所有這些教育調(diào)整對(duì)策,都包含在高校思想政治教育大系統(tǒng)之中,是高校所有教師尤其是我們思想政治理論課教師擔(dān)負(fù)的共同責(zé)任。
[Abstract]:As the core of political quality, political mentality is the key for college students to establish correct political thought, the internal driving force of their political participation, and also the political mentality. It is the psychological foundation for them to form the correct world outlook, outlook on life and values.
In the 21st century, with the reform and opening-up going deeper and wider, China's social structure, economic composition, organizational forms, employment methods, interest relations and distribution methods are becoming more and more diversified. Contemporary college students'political beliefs, ideological concepts, value orientation and behavior have been greatly impacted. Comparing with the former college students, there have also been obvious changes. Only by careful analysis and study of these changes can we accurately grasp their political mentality, provide us with first-hand information and powerful realistic basis for carrying out innovative and targeted ideological and political education, and carry out our ideological and political education smoothly and effectively. Provide a strong guarantee.
In order to ensure the rigor and objectivity of the investigation, the online questionnaires are used in the survey, which is conducted by Chongqing Vocational College of Architectural Engineering and Chongqing Three Gorges University. The students of Sichuan Polytechnic College and Sichuan Polytechnic College conducted a random and anonymous questionnaire survey on college students and talked directly to some of the students in the college.
Statistical analysis of the questionnaire shows that the mainstream of political mentality of contemporary college students in China is positive, and they can identify with and support the current political guiding ideology, basic political system, political system, and the Party's major policy. They have a certain sense of participating in and discussing politics. While we fully affirm the mainstream of the political mentality of contemporary young college students, we also need to make adequate estimates of the existing problems. Surveys show that there were several kinds of bad politics widely existed in contemporary college students in the past. Mentality still exists, mainly including political avoidance mentality, political radical mentality, political utilitarianism mentality, political rebellion mentality and so on. Factors affecting contemporary universities and political mentality are various, mainly including college students'family background, the political and cultural environment of the University campus, social contradictions and the impact of negative social information, network. Therefore, we need to optimize and guide the political mentality of contemporary college students.
Under the new historical conditions, how on earth should we strengthen the ideological and political education of college students and adjust their political mentality? This is exactly what this study is today. First of all, we should strengthen the construction of the contingent and bring up a group of Ideological and political theory teachers with excellent politics and professional skills. Enter the system, strictly control the political, ethical and professional; put the construction of Ideological and Political Theory Teachers in a more prominent position; speed up the formulation and improvement of the training system for teachers; ideological and political theory teachers themselves should also comprehensively improve their ideological and political quality and professional quality. Second, use the socialist core value system. Colleges and universities must always take the socialist core value system as the guiding ideology for educating students and bring the construction of the socialist core value system into the whole process of personnel training. Third, to construct an integrated environment between colleges and families, and to cultivate the society. First of all, ideological and political education workers in Colleges and universities (including teachers of Ideological and political theory courses, school study and work departments, Youth League Committee staff, the general Party of colleges and departments) Party branch secretary, full-time counselor, etc.) and parents should establish a harmonious and unified partnership, cooperate equally with each other, share responsibilities, and work together to improve the overall quality of education and cultivate students'healthy political mentality; at the same time, we must not ignore the principle of combining school and social education. Fourth, actively use the network position to establish Specifically, colleges and universities should enhance the network awareness and network literacy of Ideological and political educators, strengthen the network ideological and political work force, give full play to the important role of the network in Ideological and political education, and build a ideological and political education website which combines ideological, intellectual, interesting and service. Make it an effective platform for students to pay attention to school dynamics and communicate; actively use new media to guide contemporary college students to establish a healthy and scientific social and political mentality. Fifthly, establish a monitoring and early warning mechanism for college students'political mentality imbalance. Of course, all these educational adjustment measures are included in the ideological and political education system, which is the common responsibility of all university teachers, especially our ideological and political theory teachers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G641

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