本文選題：朱熹 + 紫陽書院��； 參考：《浙江大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：朱熹作為理學的集大成者,在書院與理學的一體化以及書院制度確立的過程中影響深遠。為了紀念朱熹,人們創(chuàng)建了紫陽書院。徽州是朱熹的故里所在,朱熹生前也曾回鄉(xiāng)講明學術(shù),傳播理學。朱熹死后,理宗淳祜六年(1246),徽州太守韓補在歙縣南門建立紫陽書院,是眾多紫陽書院建立最早的一個。 徽州紫陽書院從一開始就有別于徽州地區(qū)的其它書院。它是由官方與地方民眾聯(lián)合推動而建成的,其規(guī)模較大,建制完備而接近于官學的規(guī)模。紫陽書院經(jīng)過宋明時期的發(fā)展,清代中期進入了鼎盛時期。 徽州紫陽書院具備祭祀、學術(shù)講會、肄業(yè)講學等功能。祭祀方面,徽州紫陽書院不僅祭祀朱熹,而且更多表現(xiàn)出了理學學派特征,同時,與書院密切關(guān)系的學者和官員也成為了書院的主要祭祀對象；講會方面,徽州紫陽書院經(jīng)歷了起伏的過程,在清代紫陽書院形成了完整的講會制度,使其成為了徽州的學術(shù)中心；講學方面,徽州紫陽書院講學的內(nèi)容上無疑是以朱子的理學為主,但自明中葉也開始講習八股文,學術(shù)與科舉并行。 在紫陽書院六百多年的歷程中,書院先后得到了徽州官員、士人以及商人的支持。清乾隆之前,徽州紫陽書院的經(jīng)費主要來自于地方官的捐贈以及學田的田租；而乾隆以后,徽商開始扮演了重要的角色,成為了紫陽書院主要的經(jīng)費來源。此外,紫陽書院的經(jīng)費的管理也逐漸采取了“交商生息”的商業(yè)化操作。清末,由于徽商的衰落和太平天國戰(zhàn)爭的影響,紫陽書院走向了衰落。 徽州紫陽書院由于受到朱熹、徽州地方文化和徽商的影響,呈現(xiàn)出與其它書院不同的特色。從紫陽書院的歷史來看,它的發(fā)展得到了地方官員、民眾,尤其是徽商的大力支持,其建制規(guī)模在徽州也是首屈一指的。另外,紫陽書院與程朱理學和清代的皖派的興衰都有密切的關(guān)系,長期成為徽州地區(qū)的學術(shù)和文化中心。對徽州紫陽書院的個案研究正是建立在它的獨特性基礎(chǔ)之上的。
[Abstract]:Zhu Xi, as the master of Neo-Confucianism, has a profound influence on the integration of Academy and Neo-Confucianism and the establishment of Academy system. In memory of Zhu Xi, Ziyang Academy was founded. Huizhou is the hometown of Zhu Xi, Zhu Xi also went home to state academic, communication. After the death of Zhu Xi, six years after the death of Chun Hu, Lizong Chun Hu and Taizhou-Hanbu, Huizhou, established Ziyang Academy in Nanmen, Shexian County, which was the earliest one of many Ziyang Academies. Ziyang Academy of Huizhou was different from other academies in Huizhou from the beginning. It was promoted by the government and local people, and its scale was large, complete and close to the scale of official education. Through the development of Song Ming period, Ziyang Academy entered the peak period in the middle of Qing Dynasty. The Ziyang Academy of Huizhou has the functions of offering sacrifices, academic lectures, teaching, and so on. In the aspect of sacrifice, the Ziyang Academy of Huizhou not only offered sacrifices to Zhu Xi, but also showed the characteristics of Neo-Confucianism school. At the same time, scholars and officials who had close relationship with the academy also became the main objects of sacrifice. The Ziyang Academy of Huizhou experienced a process of ups and downs. In the Qing Dynasty, Ziyang Academy formed a complete lecture system, which made it become the academic center of Huizhou. But since the middle of Ming Dynasty also began to teach eight-part essay, academic and imperial examination parallel. In the course of more than 600 years, Ziyang Academy has been supported by Huizhou officials, scholars and businessmen. Before Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, the funding of Ziyang Academy of Huizhou mainly came from the donation of local officials and the farmland rent of Xuetian. After Qianlong, Huizhou merchants began to play an important role and became the main funding source of Ziyang Academy. In addition, the fund management of Ziyang Academy gradually adopted the commercial operation. In the late Qing Dynasty, due to the decline of Huizhou merchants and the influence of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom War, Ziyang Academy declined. Due to the influence of Zhu Xi, Huizhou local culture and Huizhou merchants, Huizhou Ziyang Academy has different characteristics from other academies. From the history of Ziyang Academy, its development has been greatly supported by local officials, people, especially Huizhou merchants, and its establishment scale is also the first in Huizhou. In addition, Ziyang Academy had close relationship with Cheng Zhu Neo-Confucianism and the rise and fall of Anhui School in Qing Dynasty, and became the academic and cultural center of Huizhou area for a long time. The case study of Ziyang Academy in Huizhou is based on its uniqueness.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G649.299

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