本文關鍵詞： 職業(yè)性別隔離 高校教師 科學界性別分層理論　出處：《南京大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本研究根據南京14所高校2011年4505名教師的統(tǒng)計數據,運用IP指數分析了高校教師職業(yè)性別隔離現象,研究結果發(fā)現：不同高校層次之間教師存在著橫向職業(yè)性別隔離現象,隨著高校層次的上升,男性教師占所在高校層次教師的比例呈上升趨勢,研究型大學男性教師占所在高校層次教師的比例最高。不同學科之間教師存在著橫向職業(yè)性別隔離現象,文學、管理學、教育學、經濟學和法學等人文社會學科,女性教師所占比例較高,皆需要調整出不同數量的女性教師。高校教師縱向性別隔離程度較大,隨著教師職稱水平的提高,女性教師所占的比例明顯趨于下降；但不同高校層次、不同學科之間,教師縱向職業(yè)性別隔離程度存在較大差異；從職稱層次看,不論是從高校層次的角度進行分析,還是從學科的角度進行分析,在正高級職稱層次,男女教師之間的性別隔離現象更為明顯。 高校教師性別隔離現象的產生是多重因素作用的結果,傳統(tǒng)的社會文化影響著女性的受教育程度和學科專業(yè)選擇,其是女性學術生涯發(fā)展的第一重障礙；性別角色分工是高校女性教師學術生涯發(fā)展的第二重障礙,高校女教師承擔著家務勞動和子女教育的家庭責任重擔,這使得女性在學術創(chuàng)造的重要時期,科研時間和精力投入遠低于男性教師,同時,家庭角色責任讓高校女教師在面對職業(yè)利益和家庭利益的選擇時,通常會舍棄前者,這使她們往往容易失去參加學術會議和學術交流活動的機會；優(yōu)勢累積是高校教師縱向性別隔離的加速催化劑。緩解高校教師性別隔離現象,促進高校女教師學術職業(yè)的發(fā)展可以從以下幾點著手：關注性別隔離,喚醒女性的科學意識,轉變傳統(tǒng)的性別角色觀念；提高女性受教育程度,建立女性學術交流平臺；建立保障高校女教師學術發(fā)展的社會支持機制,設立女性科學研究基金和女性特別培訓基金,并為女性提供從事科學研究工作的發(fā)展機遇。
[Abstract]:Based on the statistical data of 4505 teachers in 14 colleges and universities in Nanjing in 2011, this study analyzed the phenomenon of occupational gender segregation of college teachers by using IP index. The results show that there is horizontal occupational gender segregation among teachers in different colleges and universities. With the rise of university level, the proportion of male teachers to teachers at the university level is on the rise. The proportion of male teachers in research universities is the highest. There is horizontal occupational gender segregation among teachers in different subjects, literature, management, pedagogy. In the humanities and social sciences such as economics and law, the proportion of female teachers is high, so it is necessary to adjust different numbers of female teachers. The degree of longitudinal gender segregation of teachers in colleges and universities is greater, with the improvement of teachers' professional titles. The proportion of female teachers tends to decrease; However, there are great differences in the degree of vertical occupational gender segregation among different universities and disciplines. From the level of professional title, whether from the perspective of university level or from the perspective of discipline, the gender segregation between male and female teachers is more obvious at the level of senior professional title. The phenomenon of gender segregation of university teachers is the result of many factors. Traditional social culture affects women's education level and subject choice, which is the first obstacle to the development of women's academic career. The division of gender roles is the second obstacle to the academic career development of female teachers in colleges and universities. Female teachers in colleges and universities bear the burden of household work and the family responsibility of their children's education, which makes women in the important period of academic creation. Research time and energy investment is far lower than male teachers, at the same time, family role responsibility makes female teachers in colleges and universities in the face of career interests and family interests of choice, usually abandon the former. This often leaves them vulnerable to the opportunity to attend academic conferences and exchange activities; Advantage accumulation is the accelerating catalyst of vertical gender segregation of university teachers. To alleviate the phenomenon of gender segregation of university teachers and promote the development of academic career of female teachers in colleges and universities can be started from the following points: pay attention to gender segregation. Awaken women's scientific consciousness and change the traditional concept of gender role; Improve the female education level, establish the female academic exchange platform; To establish a social support mechanism to guarantee the academic development of female teachers in colleges and universities, to set up a female scientific research fund and a special training fund for women, and to provide opportunities for women to develop scientific research work.
【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G645.1

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