【摘要】：物理學(xué)是以實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)科,物理學(xué)的概念、公式和規(guī)律等都是建立在實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上的,因此對(duì)物理的學(xué)習(xí)不能脫離客觀實(shí)驗(yàn)。但是,在目前的大學(xué)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)中仍存在著很多的問題。例如,實(shí)驗(yàn)器材的短缺,導(dǎo)致并不是每一位學(xué)生都能獨(dú)立進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn);此外,部分物理實(shí)驗(yàn)在真實(shí)環(huán)境中具有操作性難、危險(xiǎn)性高等問題,使學(xué)生在做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)畏手畏腳等等。隨著虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展和教育教學(xué)改革的不斷深化,實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容、教學(xué)模式、教學(xué)方法也在不斷革新與完善。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)通過模擬和仿真真實(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境,讓學(xué)習(xí)者在虛擬的實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境中進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),熟悉物理實(shí)驗(yàn)并學(xué)習(xí)物理知識(shí)。由于仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)具有操作簡單、成本低、交互性好和較強(qiáng)的學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)等特點(diǎn),使其迅速引起了教育領(lǐng)域的廣泛關(guān)注。國內(nèi)外已有很多優(yōu)秀的仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)但都存在諸多平臺(tái)、費(fèi)用等問題不利于仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)的推廣。從事實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)者往往由于開發(fā)難度大而無法自行開發(fā)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),軟件開發(fā)者往往又不能設(shè)計(jì)符合教學(xué)需求的軟件,另外不同學(xué)校實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)條件也存在差異性,千篇一律的仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)不能更好的適應(yīng)不同學(xué)校。本文第一章闡述了大學(xué)物理仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究背景、通過文獻(xiàn)研究和查閱資料,分析虛擬實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)展情況及存在的不足,探索解決的方案以及本文的結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章論述了虛擬實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)的定義、分類以及仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)用舉例和實(shí)現(xiàn)模式。在第三章中,從理論研究基礎(chǔ)、設(shè)計(jì)原則、開發(fā)技術(shù)等方面做了初步的介紹,然后分析比較仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的常用實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù),選擇適合本系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)術(shù):Flash/Actionscript2.0。第四章從軟件工程角度完成對(duì)大學(xué)物理電學(xué)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì),并以“示波器”和“電路實(shí)驗(yàn)”為例,介紹了仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)具體的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。最后,作者對(duì)全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié)和展望。
[Abstract]:Physics is a subject based on experiments. The concepts, formulas and laws of physics are based on experiments, so the study of physics cannot be separated from objective experiments. However, there are still many problems in college physics experiment teaching. For example, because of the shortage of experimental equipment, not every student can carry out experiments independently. In addition, some physical experiments are difficult to operate in real environment, high risk and so on. With the rapid development of virtual reality technology and the deepening of education and teaching reform, the teaching content, teaching mode and teaching method of experimental teaching are constantly innovating and perfecting. By simulating and simulating the real experiment environment, the learners can experiment in the virtual experimental environment, be familiar with the physics experiment and learn the physics knowledge. Because the simulation experiment has the characteristics of simple operation, low cost, good interaction and strong learning experience, it has attracted wide attention in the field of education. There are many excellent simulation experiments at home and abroad, but there are many platforms, such as cost is not conducive to the promotion of simulation experiments. Those engaged in experimental teaching are often unable to develop simulation experiments because of the difficulty of development, and software developers are often unable to design software that meets the needs of teaching. In addition, there are also differences in experimental teaching conditions in different schools. Uniform simulation experiments can not better adapt to different schools. In the first chapter, the research background of university physics simulation experiment is described. Through literature research and reference, the development and deficiency of virtual experiment design are analyzed, and the solution and structure of this paper are explored. In the second chapter, the definition, classification, application examples and implementation mode of virtual laboratory experiment are discussed. In the third chapter, we introduce the basic theory, design principle, development technology and so on. Then we analyze and compare the common realization technology of simulation experiment system, and choose the development technology suitable for this system: Flash/Actionscript2.0.. In the fourth chapter, the design of the university physics electrical simulation experiment is completed from the point of view of software engineering. Taking "oscilloscope" and "circuit experiment" as examples, the realization method of the simulation experiment is introduced. Finally, the author summarizes and prospects the full text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G642;O4-4;TP317.4

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