【摘要】：在新世紀(jì)的新階段,一場(chǎng)新的科技革命正在悄無(wú)聲息的到來(lái),這場(chǎng)革命便是以“大數(shù)據(jù)”為代表數(shù)據(jù)、計(jì)算革命,之所以稱(chēng)之為一場(chǎng)新的科技革命,是因?yàn)槠浣o生產(chǎn)力帶來(lái)的變化十分巨大�！按髷�(shù)據(jù)”技術(shù)的應(yīng)用正在引起各行各業(yè)的變革,其在商業(yè)、政治、醫(yī)學(xué)、天文等領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用,將“大數(shù)據(jù)”這一研究方法應(yīng)用于教育領(lǐng)域的研究還處于剛剛起步的階段。在教育科學(xué)性備受質(zhì)疑的時(shí)代背景下,教育的發(fā)展遇到了越來(lái)越多的難題,教育科學(xué)研究方法的滯后性越來(lái)越凸顯,教育界迫切需要一種更加科學(xué)的研究方法來(lái)對(duì)教育進(jìn)行全方位的審視。大數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)展以及取得的成就讓我們看到了其巨大的潛力,教育界相信“大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法”對(duì)教育領(lǐng)域的影響是革命性的,教育領(lǐng)域運(yùn)用“大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法”必然會(huì)成為一種趨勢(shì)。在對(duì)教育進(jìn)行研究時(shí),我們很難獲得“實(shí)證數(shù)據(jù)”,研究多建立在一定的假設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)之上,通過(guò)對(duì)假設(shè)的驗(yàn)證來(lái)解決問(wèn)題。筆者結(jié)合大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法具有的預(yù)測(cè)性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn),嘗試探究大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法能否作為一種教育科學(xué)研究方法運(yùn)用在教育領(lǐng)域,同時(shí)探究教育大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法如何在教育實(shí)踐中進(jìn)行操作,如何運(yùn)用。筆者對(duì)關(guān)于大數(shù)據(jù)的2900篇文章以及教育大數(shù)據(jù)的170篇文章進(jìn)行分析,探究了大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法能否在教育領(lǐng)域運(yùn)用,大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的量化研究有什么優(yōu)勢(shì),以及大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法如何應(yīng)用在教育領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行研究。在研究中筆者針對(duì)大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法應(yīng)用于教育這一問(wèn)題的研究,主要采用文獻(xiàn)分析法,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外各學(xué)者對(duì)教育大數(shù)據(jù)的研究進(jìn)行分析,找出研究的主要內(nèi)容與重點(diǎn),研究采用的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),研究方法使用的步驟,同時(shí)借鑒“大數(shù)據(jù)”研究方法在商業(yè)、政治、醫(yī)學(xué)、天文等領(lǐng)域的成熟應(yīng)用,將“大數(shù)據(jù)”這一研究方法移入教育領(lǐng)域,將大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法中的更多(不是隨機(jī)樣本而是全體數(shù)據(jù));更雜(不是精確性而是混雜性);更好(不是因果關(guān)系而是相關(guān)關(guān)系)的處理問(wèn)題的方式應(yīng)用于教育領(lǐng)域。結(jié)合教育領(lǐng)域需要精確處理問(wèn)題,更加全面的分析教育對(duì)象等特點(diǎn),探索、建構(gòu)出一種適合教育研究的“教育大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法”,并且對(duì)其在教育的部分領(lǐng)域的運(yùn)用就行初步的探索。論文中筆者試圖建構(gòu)了“教育大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法”,并且按照不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將“教育大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法”分為預(yù)測(cè)性研究和實(shí)證性研究;已有數(shù)據(jù)研究和自定義數(shù)據(jù)研究;定量數(shù)據(jù)研究和定性數(shù)據(jù)研究。對(duì)“教育大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法”與傳統(tǒng)的量化研究進(jìn)行對(duì)比,分析其具有的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。論文對(duì)“教育大數(shù)據(jù)研究方法”的使用步驟,可運(yùn)用的范圍進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的探究,使其能夠在教育研究中具有可操作的實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:In the new stage of the new century, a new scientific and technological revolution is coming quietly. This revolution is called a new scientific and technological revolution, taking "big data" as the representative data and computing revolution. It is because it brings about great changes in productivity. The application of "big data" technology is causing changes in various industries. It has been widely used in business, politics, medicine, astronomy and other fields. The application of big data in the field of education is still in its infancy. In the background of challenging the scientific nature of education, the development of education has encountered more and more difficulties, and the lag of research methods of educational science has become more and more prominent. There is an urgent need for a more scientific research method to examine education in all directions. Big data's development and achievements allow us to see its great potential. The educational circles believe that the impact of "big data's research methods" on the field of education is revolutionary. The application of big data's research method in the field of education is bound to be a trend. In the study of education, it is very difficult to obtain "empirical data". The research is based on certain assumptions and solves the problem through the verification of assumptions. Combined with the predictive characteristics of big data's research methods, the author tries to explore whether big data's research methods can be used in the field of education as a kind of educational science research method. At the same time, it probes into how to operate and apply the research method of educational big data in educational practice. The author analyzes 2900 articles about big data and 170 articles about educational big data, and probes into whether the research method of big data can be applied in the field of education, and what the advantage of the research method is compared with the traditional quantitative research. And how big data's research methods are applied in the field of education. In the research, the author mainly uses the literature analysis method to study big data's application of the research method to the education, and analyzes the research of the domestic and foreign scholars on the educational big data, and finds out the main contents and emphases of the research. The key technologies used in the study, the steps used in the use of the research methods, and the mature application of big data's research methods in the fields of commerce, politics, medicine, astronomy, etc., so as to transfer the research method of "big data" to the field of education. More of big data's research methods (not random samples but full data); More complex (not precise but mixed); better (not causality but correlation) is applied in the field of education. Combining with the need to deal with problems accurately in the field of education, and to analyze more comprehensively the characteristics of educational objects, we should explore and construct a "research method of educational big data" that is suitable for educational research. And its application in some areas of education on the preliminary exploration. In this paper, the author tries to construct the "educational big data research method" and divides it into predictive research and empirical research according to different standards, existing data research and custom data research; Quantitative data and qualitative data. This paper compares the educational big data research method with the traditional quantitative research, and analyzes its advantages and disadvantages. This paper probes into the application steps of "Educational big data's Research method" and the scope of its application, so as to make it have practical significance in educational research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G40-057

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