【摘要】：中國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息中心(CNNIC) 2016年發(fā)布的《2015年中國青少年上網(wǎng)行為研究報(bào)告》顯示:截至2015年12月,中國青少年(6-25周歲)網(wǎng)民規(guī)模已達(dá)到2.87億,占中國青少年人口總體85.3%。數(shù)據(jù)顯示城鄉(xiāng)青少年網(wǎng)民在信息技術(shù)設(shè)備“物理接入”上的差距正在逐漸減小,但信息技術(shù)使用類型、使用內(nèi)容上的差異正逐漸得到越來越多的研究者關(guān)注。本研究以來自北京、南京、深圳地區(qū)的城市學(xué)生和外來務(wù)工子弟為研究樣本,共選取小學(xué)和初中各三所,樣本總計(jì)1309人。研究?jī)?nèi)容主要圍繞以下三部分展開:一是外來務(wù)工子弟與城市學(xué)生之間的新數(shù)字鴻溝現(xiàn)象。首先采用文獻(xiàn)研究法進(jìn)行理論梳理與分析,確定新數(shù)字鴻溝的指標(biāo)維度,翻譯、修改國外已有的新數(shù)字鴻溝調(diào)查問卷,并用于調(diào)查實(shí)施。通過對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)外來務(wù)工子弟與城市學(xué)生在信息技術(shù)使用頻率、使用類型、數(shù)字技能等方面均存在不同程度的差異,即兩個(gè)群體之間存在新數(shù)字鴻溝現(xiàn)象。二是信息技術(shù)使用習(xí)慣的影響因素。將人口學(xué)因素、家長(zhǎng)教養(yǎng)方式、新數(shù)字鴻溝的判別指標(biāo)與數(shù)字技能投入到相關(guān)性分析,結(jié)果顯示:性別基本上已經(jīng)不是造成青少年群體間新數(shù)字鴻溝的因素,但年齡、地域和家長(zhǎng)教養(yǎng)方式對(duì)其具有顯著的影響;對(duì)新數(shù)字鴻溝各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)與學(xué)生數(shù)字技能間的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行分析發(fā)現(xiàn),數(shù)字設(shè)備、使用經(jīng)驗(yàn)、自主使用度、應(yīng)用類型均與學(xué)生的數(shù)字技能呈正相關(guān)。三是新數(shù)字鴻溝的影響結(jié)果。分別將數(shù)字技能作為自變量,學(xué)生視力、學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)、家庭和諧程度作為因變量投入到回歸分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)新數(shù)字鴻溝對(duì)于學(xué)生的視力并沒有顯著預(yù)測(cè)力,但對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)和家庭和諧程度的影響均為負(fù)向。針對(duì)上述結(jié)論,本文提出以下建議:(1)學(xué)校應(yīng)該為學(xué)生提供更多接觸、使用信息技術(shù)的機(jī)會(huì),盡可能地縮小兩個(gè)群體信息技術(shù)使用經(jīng)驗(yàn)上的差異;(2)從社會(huì)公平的角度來看,發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),縮小不同人群間的經(jīng)濟(jì)差距;(3)端正家長(zhǎng)、尤其是外來務(wù)工人員對(duì)于信息技術(shù)的態(tài)度,提高其認(rèn)識(shí),使其擁有正確的、科學(xué)的教養(yǎng)方式。
[Abstract]:As of December 2015, the number of Internet users in China (6-25 years old) had reached 287 million, accounting for 85.3 percent of China's total youth population, according to the 2015 report on the Internet behavior of Chinese adolescents released by the China Internet Information Center (CNNIC) in 2016. The data show that the gap between urban and rural youth Internet users in information technology equipment "physical access" is gradually decreasing, but the use of information technology types and content differences are gradually getting more and more attention of researchers. In this study, urban students and migrant workers' children from Beijing, Nanjing and Shenzhen were selected from three primary schools and three junior high schools, with a total of 1309 subjects. The research focuses on the following three parts: first, the new digital divide between migrant children and urban students. Firstly, this paper uses the literature research method to sort out and analyze the new digital divide, to determine the index dimension of the new digital divide, to translate, to modify the existing questionnaire of the new digital divide in foreign countries, and to apply it to the implementation of the new digital divide. Through the analysis of the data, it is found that there are some differences in the frequency of using information technology, the type of use, and the digital skills between the children of migrant workers and the students of urban areas, that is, the phenomenon of new digital divide exists between the two groups. The second is the influence factor of information technology usage habit. The correlation analysis of demographic factors, parenting styles, discriminant indicators of the new digital divide and digital skills shows that gender is not basically the cause of the new digital divide among adolescent groups, but age. The analysis of the correlation between the new digital divide indicators and students' digital skills shows that digital equipment, experience of use, degree of self-use, The types of application were positively correlated with the students' digital skills. Third, the impact of the new digital divide. Taking digital skills as independent variables, students' visual acuity, academic achievement and family harmony degree as dependent variables, the regression analysis showed that the new digital divide had no significant predictive power for students' vision. However, the impact on academic achievement and family harmony is negative. In view of the above conclusions, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: (1) schools should provide students with more access to and use of information technology, and minimize the differences in their experience in the use of information technology between the two groups; (2) from the perspective of social equity, schools should provide more opportunities for students to use information technology. Develop the economy, narrow the economic gap between different groups; (3) correct parents, especially migrant workers' attitude towards information technology, improve their understanding, make them have the correct, scientific rearing way.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G521

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本文編號(hào)：2212733