【摘要】：黨的十八大提出要將創(chuàng)業(yè)作為我國發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略之一,建設創(chuàng)新型國家更是我國重大戰(zhàn)略部署,創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)人才的培養(yǎng)是國家的現(xiàn)實需要。李克強總理也重點部署新一輪“大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)引領計劃”的工作任務,要進一步把“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新”落到實處。在當前我國國情下,創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的呼吁越來越強,大學生畢業(yè)后創(chuàng)業(yè)率穩(wěn)中有升,但創(chuàng)業(yè)率仍然相對較低。對于高師院校來說,一方面,高師院校是我國教育師資培育的搖籃,是輸送高素質教師的主要基地。通過提升高師院校學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)意識,幫助學生掌握基本的創(chuàng)業(yè)技能,增強學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)精神,在學生未來走上教師工作崗位后,將創(chuàng)業(yè)教育融入知識的傳承以及培養(yǎng)人才的過程,進而在國民教育的各個階段對創(chuàng)業(yè)思想進行傳播,使得創(chuàng)業(yè)知識和技能得到有效傳遞,創(chuàng)業(yè)文化也得到普遍傳承,最終國民的創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)能力獲得提升。另一方面,傳統(tǒng)的教育模式已經不能適應經濟社會發(fā)展對人才的需求,在嚴峻的就業(yè)市場競爭中,高師院校需要在學生的培養(yǎng)中重視創(chuàng)業(yè)教育,除了教給學生師范教育的技能外,更要具備從事其他行業(yè)的能力,能成功地駕馭新崗位或者開拓新的事業(yè)。本文認為創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)激勵活動需要在一定的理論基礎上,研究并建立科學化、專業(yè)化、系統(tǒng)化的機制,能擴大教師教育的影響力,同時提高學生的創(chuàng)造力,能讓參與者體驗和享受整個過程的樂趣。創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)激勵機制的建立是培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)人才的重要手段,是發(fā)展社會主義市場經濟的有效途徑,是提升我國高等教育質量的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)。本文通過對已有文獻進行研究,對相關信息進行篩選和梳理,運用問卷調查法和多學科研究等方法,堅持馬克思主義的辯證思維方法、堅持宏觀透視與微觀剖析相結合,堅持目的與手段,對高師院校大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)激勵機制進行思考和嘗試性探索。本論文除引言外,由四章節(jié)構成,第一章是對高師院校大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)激勵機制的內涵及特征進行闡釋。第二章是整理高師院校大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)激勵理論基礎,通過梳理西方和我國激勵理論等相關研究現(xiàn)狀,總結與歸納激勵理論對當前高師院校大學生教育的借鑒意義。第三章是通過對除特別行政區(qū)外的32個省級行政區(qū)域的高師院校的問卷調查,把握高師院校大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)激勵機制的實施現(xiàn)狀,并分析目前存在的問題及問題根源。第四章主要從原則、目標、內容、保障等方面探討激勵機制的構建思路,并以平臺、載體、方式三個角度為落腳點,嘗試構建高師院校大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)激勵機制。
[Abstract]:As one of the strategies of our country's development, the 18th Party Congress of the Communist Party of China is to build an innovative country, and it is a great strategic deployment of our country, and the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents is the reality of the country. Premier Li Keqiang also focuses on the new round of "college students' start-up plan" 's work tasks, and will further drop the "Mass entrepreneurship and the innovation of the masses" to the real place. Under the current situation of our country, the appeal of innovation and start-up has become more and more strong, and the start-up rate of college students is steady, but the start-up rate is still relatively low. For normal colleges and universities, on the one hand, colleges and universities are the cradle of our country's education teachers, and are the main bases for delivering high-quality teachers. In order to help the students to master the basic entrepreneurial skills, to enhance the students' entrepreneurship, to integrate the entrepreneurial education into the inheritance of knowledge and to train the talents after the students take the post of the teacher in the future, Furthermore, in the various stages of the national education, the business idea is spread, so that the entrepreneurial knowledge and the skills are effectively transferred, and the entrepreneurial culture is also generally inherited, and the innovation and entrepreneurship ability of the final national is promoted. On the other hand, the traditional education model has been unable to adapt to the demand of the economic and social development to the talented person, in the severe employment market competition, the higher normal colleges and universities need to attach importance to the start-up education in the cultivation of the students, in addition to the skill to teach the students normal education, It is also necessary to have the ability to engage in other industries, to successfully harness new posts or to develop new ones. In this paper, it is necessary to study and establish a scientific, professional and systematic mechanism on the basis of a certain theory, to expand the influence of the teacher education, and to improve the creativity of the students, and to enable the participants to experience and enjoy the whole process. The establishment of the innovation and entrepreneurship incentive mechanism is an important means to train the innovative and entrepreneurial talents. It is an effective way to develop the socialist market economy. It is the key link to improve the quality of higher education in our country. In this paper, through the research of the existing literature, the relevant information is screened and sorted, the method of the dialectical thinking of Marxism is adhered to by using the method of questionnaire and multi-disciplinary research, and the aim and means are adhered to by the combination of the macro-perspective and the micro-analysis, In this paper, the mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship of college students in normal colleges and universities should be thought and tried. This paper, in addition to the introduction, is composed of four chapters, and the first chapter is to explain the connotation and characteristics of the innovation and entrepreneurship incentive mechanism of the college students in normal colleges and universities. The second chapter is to sort out the theoretical foundation of the innovation and start-up of the college students in normal colleges and universities, and by combing the relevant research status of the western and our country's incentive theory, the paper sums up the reference significance of the inductive theory to the current education of the college students in normal colleges and universities. The third chapter is to grasp the current situation of the innovation and start-up incentive mechanism of the college students in normal colleges and universities, and to analyze the existing problems and the root causes of the problems through the questionnaire survey of the 32 provincial administrative regions outside the special administrative region. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the construction of the incentive mechanism from the aspects of the principle, the goal, the content, the guarantee and so on, and takes the platform, the carrier and the method as the foothold, and tries to construct the innovation and entrepreneurship incentive mechanism of the college students in the normal colleges and universities.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G657.38

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