【摘要】：結構的損傷調查是古建筑木結構保護和修繕的基礎,需時常進行。自20世紀以來,人們一直摸索如何準確評估古建筑木結構的安全狀況。木構件的損傷評估包含了承重構件損傷狀態(tài)評估和非承重構件損傷評估。其評估項目十分繁雜,所用儀器種類多,操作復雜,僅適合有專業(yè)素養(yǎng)的科研人員。而我國古建筑木結構數(shù)量多,相比較而言,管理人員較少,若根據(jù)規(guī)范進行構件損傷調查,文物管理工作量巨大,因此,亟需找到一種適合基層文物管理人員日常巡視工作的構件殘損狀態(tài)快速普查方法以及與之相應的構件損傷等級鑒定方法。本文首先研究了我國現(xiàn)行的各種相關規(guī)范,找到規(guī)范中規(guī)定的承重構件的主要檢測項目及損傷等級鑒定方法,并以此為根據(jù)制定了一種構件殘損狀態(tài)快速普查方法和與之相應的構件損傷等級鑒定方法。利用快速普查法調查了飛云樓的承重木柱、承重梁枋和斗h1的殘損情況,并根據(jù)構件殘損等級鑒定方法利用構件的普查數(shù)據(jù),確定了各構件的殘損等級,從而為后續(xù)的保護及修繕提供了依據(jù)。利用準確性較高的無損檢測手段調查了部分被評為非危險狀態(tài)的構件,發(fā)現(xiàn)其中一小部分構件已處于危險狀態(tài),這表明利用構件殘損狀態(tài)快速普查方法并配合殘損等級鑒定方法來判斷構件的殘損狀態(tài)的準確性有待提高。根據(jù)無損檢測得到的構件殘損相關數(shù)據(jù),改進了構件殘損狀態(tài)快速普查的方法和構件殘損等級鑒定的方法,使這一方法的準確性得到了進一步的提高。
[Abstract]:Structural damage investigation is the basis of wood structure protection and repair of ancient buildings, which needs to be carried out from time to time. Since the 20 th century, people have been exploring how to accurately evaluate the safety of ancient building wood structures. The damage assessment of wood components includes damage state assessment of load-bearing members and damage assessment of non-load-bearing components. The evaluation project is very complicated, the instruments used are many, the operation is complex, only suitable for professional researchers. However, the number of ancient building wood structures in our country is large, compared with the managers, there are fewer managers. If the component damage investigation is carried out according to the code, the workload of cultural relics management is huge. Therefore, it is urgent to find a rapid survey method of component damage status and the corresponding component damage grade identification method suitable for the daily inspection work of grass-roots cultural relics managers. In this paper, various relevant specifications in China are studied, and the main detection items and damage grade identification methods of load-bearing components specified in the code are found, and on the basis of this, a rapid survey method of component damage state and the corresponding component damage grade identification method are established. The damage of load-bearing wooden columns, load-bearing beams Fang and Dou H1 of Feiyun Building was investigated by means of rapid census method. According to the identification method of component damage grade, the damage grade of each component was determined by using the general survey data of components, which provided the basis for the subsequent protection and repair. The nondestructive testing method with high accuracy is used to investigate some components which have been rated as non-dangerous state, and it is found that a small part of them are already in dangerous state, which indicates that the accuracy of judging the damaged state of components by using the rapid survey method of component damage state and the method of damage grade identification needs to be improved. According to the data of component damage obtained by nondestructive testing, the method of rapid survey of component damage state and the method of component damage grade identification are improved, and the accuracy of this method is further improved.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU366.2;TU317

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