【摘要】：福建濱海多山的地理環(huán)境,歷史上的戰(zhàn)爭沖突、倭寇侵?jǐn)_多有發(fā)生,尤其在明清時期,福建各地在動蕩的社會環(huán)境下建造了多種類型的防御性聚落,如土樓、土堡、寨廬、村堡等類型。已有對福建防御性聚落的研究主要集中在歷史建筑實(shí)物的測繪調(diào)查研究,對于現(xiàn)存豐富的福建各地方志史料中相關(guān)防御性聚落的記載,卻缺乏系統(tǒng)的梳理和研究。本文主要通過對方志史料的統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析、整理,梳理出福建地區(qū)的民間防御性聚落的發(fā)展過程、營建情況以及與軍事聚落的關(guān)系。將社會學(xué)、歷史文獻(xiàn)學(xué)等研究方法引入福建防御性聚落的研究中,通過對大量的文獻(xiàn)、史料、地方志的閱讀、統(tǒng)計(jì)、分析等,從多角度切入,全面、深入地透視福建防御性聚落對社會各個階層的影響。明清福建的民間防御性聚落不僅僅是民間自發(fā)產(chǎn)生的,也是官方把制的一個結(jié)果,福建民間防御性聚落從單純軍事上的抗敵御寇,慢慢與居住融為一體,到了后期居住功能甚至還變得更為重要。當(dāng)然,這種演變并不是單向的過程,而是和明清時期福建復(fù)雜動蕩的社會環(huán)境有緊密關(guān)系。從明清福建地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)防御性聚落的發(fā)展,我們可以看出地方社會的生活狀態(tài),這種聚族而居的生活方式在面對嚴(yán)峻的外部威脅之下,安全防御的社會需要,也體現(xiàn)了明清地方宗族社會的意識在不斷的強(qiáng)化。防御性聚落與福建地區(qū)的鄉(xiāng)族社會關(guān)系——防御性聚落的建造不僅僅增強(qiáng)了一個家族的宗族意識,同時還強(qiáng)化了地緣關(guān)系,但是在防御性聚落的建造還是以家族血緣關(guān)系為主,地緣關(guān)系為輔。
[Abstract]:The mountainous geographical environment along the coast of Fujian, the conflicts of war in the history, and the invasion by Japanese invaders have often occurred. Especially during the Ming and Qing dynasties, various types of defensive settlements were built in various parts of Fujian under the turbulent social environment, such as earth buildings, Tubao, and Zhai Lu. Village castle and other types. The existing researches on defensive settlements in Fujian are mainly focused on the surveying and mapping of historical buildings, but there is a lack of systematic research on the records of relevant defensive settlements in the historical materials of the local records of various parts of Fujian. This article mainly through the statistics and analysis of the historical records of each other, sorting out the development process of the folk defensive settlements in Fujian area, the construction situation and the relationship with the military settlements. The research methods of sociology and historical philology are introduced into the study of defensive settlements in Fujian. Through reading, statistics and analysis of a large number of documents, historical materials, local chronicles, and so on, we can cut them into a comprehensive and multi-angle perspective. In-depth perspective of Fujian defensive settlements on the various social strata of the impact. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the folk defensive settlements in Fujian were not only produced spontaneously by the people, but also a result of the official system. The defensive settlements in Fujian gradually merged with residence from purely military resistance against the invaders. By the end of the year, residential functions have even become even more important. Of course, this evolution is not a one-way process, but closely related to the complex and turbulent social environment in Fujian during the Ming and Qing dynasties. From the development of the traditional defensive settlements in Fujian during the Ming and Qing dynasties, we can see the living conditions of the local society, the way of life inhabited by ethnic groups in the face of severe external threats, and the social needs of security defense. It also reflects the continuous strengthening of the consciousness of the local clan society in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Defensive settlements and the rural social relations in Fujian-the construction of defensive settlements not only enhances the clan consciousness of a family, but also strengthens the geographical relationship, but the construction of defensive settlements is still dominated by family kinship. Geographical relations are complementary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU982.29

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