【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,需要消耗更多的能源來(lái)承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,能源消耗呈逐漸增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)。在能源消耗結(jié)構(gòu)中,建筑能耗占總能耗的35%左右,面對(duì)愈來(lái)愈嚴(yán)重的能源消耗問(wèn)題,節(jié)能建筑已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今建筑業(yè)研究的熱點(diǎn)。自然通風(fēng)是實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段建筑節(jié)能和提高生活品質(zhì),減少病態(tài)建筑的重要途徑。無(wú)組織自然對(duì)流和空氣滲透形成的通風(fēng),已經(jīng)無(wú)法產(chǎn)生舒適環(huán)境所需要的空氣流動(dòng)。夏熱冬冷氣候條件下,建筑節(jié)能最經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的方法是采用太陽(yáng)能煙囪被動(dòng)式技術(shù),在夏季不僅可以將太陽(yáng)熱阻止在室外,同時(shí)也可為被動(dòng)式通風(fēng)技術(shù)提供驅(qū)動(dòng)力,應(yīng)用太陽(yáng)輻射熱為空氣提供浮升力,將室外新鮮空氣引入室內(nèi),增大通風(fēng)量,除去室內(nèi)余熱、余濕,改善室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì);在冬季可以利用被動(dòng)式太陽(yáng)能采暖技術(shù)有效改善室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境,在冬季太陽(yáng)能煙囪集熱墻吸收太陽(yáng)輻射熱,從而加熱太陽(yáng)能煙囪內(nèi)空氣溫度,將熱空氣送入室內(nèi),改善冬季室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境。課題組通過(guò)對(duì)秦巴山區(qū)農(nóng)村居住建筑調(diào)研、測(cè)試發(fā)現(xiàn):建筑室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境差,但是當(dāng)?shù)靥?yáng)能資源具有一定利用價(jià)值。利用太陽(yáng)能資源解決秦巴山地建筑夏季通風(fēng)、降溫,冬季采暖問(wèn)題,是促進(jìn)秦巴山區(qū)居住建筑可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要措施。本文基于秦巴山區(qū)氣候條件下,應(yīng)用Fluent軟件,根據(jù)氣流狀況,選擇RNG k-ε湍流模型、DO輻射模型,采用SIMPLEC計(jì)算方法,在穩(wěn)態(tài)條件下,模擬分析一體化太陽(yáng)能煙囪結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)自然通風(fēng)效果的影響;結(jié)合建筑能耗與建筑體形系數(shù)的關(guān)系,在室內(nèi)通風(fēng)最佳狀態(tài)下,提出最優(yōu)建筑長(zhǎng)寬比,并應(yīng)用Design Builder V3軟件,對(duì)優(yōu)化后的建筑室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境進(jìn)行模擬分析,驗(yàn)證了秦巴山地建筑應(yīng)用太陽(yáng)能強(qiáng)化自然通風(fēng)的合理性。本文主要研究成果為:(1)結(jié)合Trombe墻式太陽(yáng)能煙囪、傾斜式太陽(yáng)能煙囪強(qiáng)化通風(fēng)原理,提出在秦巴山地建筑中應(yīng)用一體化太陽(yáng)能煙囪強(qiáng)化自然通風(fēng)技術(shù)。(2)在秦巴山區(qū)氣候條件下,層高為3m的二層農(nóng)村居住建筑,當(dāng)一體化太陽(yáng)能煙囪寬度0.8m,進(jìn)出口寬度0.2m,二層入口向下傾斜4o,傾斜段傾角30o時(shí),太陽(yáng)能煙囪通風(fēng)量達(dá)到最大,即為最佳工況。(3)太陽(yáng)能煙囪通風(fēng)量與傾斜段煙囪傾角成反比;太陽(yáng)能煙囪寬度對(duì)通風(fēng)量、速度場(chǎng)影響最大。(4)通過(guò)分析建筑體形系數(shù)與能耗關(guān)系,以及建筑朝向與輻射量之間的關(guān)系,結(jié)合室內(nèi)采光、太陽(yáng)能煙囪通風(fēng)對(duì)室內(nèi)風(fēng)速分布的影響,建議房間長(zhǎng)寬比取為2:1。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, it is necessary to consume more energy to undertake the rapid development of economy, and the energy consumption is increasing gradually. In the energy consumption structure, building energy consumption accounts for about 35% of the total energy consumption. In the face of more and more serious energy consumption problem, energy-saving building has become a hot spot in the construction industry. Natural ventilation is an important way to realize energy saving, improve life quality and reduce morbid buildings. Ventilation formed by unorganized natural convection and air penetration can no longer produce the air flow required for a comfortable environment. The most economical and effective way to save energy in buildings in hot summer and cold winter is to use the passive technology of solar chimney, which can not only prevent solar heat from outdoors in summer, but also provide a driving force for passive ventilation technology. Solar radiation heat is used to provide floating lift for air, and outdoor fresh air is introduced into the room to increase ventilation, remove indoor residual heat and moisture, and improve indoor air quality. In winter, passive solar heating technology can be used to effectively improve the indoor thermal environment. In winter, solar chimney collecting wall absorbs solar radiation heat, thus heating the air temperature in solar chimney and sending hot air indoors. Improve the indoor thermal environment in winter. Through the investigation of rural residential buildings in Qinba Mountain area, we found that the indoor thermal environment of the buildings is poor, but the local solar energy resources have certain value of utilization. It is an important measure to promote the sustainable development of residential buildings in Qinba Mountain area by using solar energy resources to solve the problems of summer ventilation, cooling and heating in winter. In this paper, based on the climatic conditions of Qinba Mountains, the RNG k- 蔚 turbulence model and DO radiation model are selected by using Fluent software and according to the airflow condition. The SIMPLEC method is used to calculate the results under steady conditions. The influence of structural parameters of integrated solar chimney on natural ventilation is simulated and analyzed. Combined with the relationship between building energy consumption and building shape coefficient, under the best condition of indoor ventilation, the optimum building aspect ratio is put forward, and the optimized indoor thermal environment is simulated and analyzed by using Design Builder V3 software. The rationality of using solar energy to strengthen natural ventilation is verified. The main results of this paper are as follows: (1) combined with Trombe wall solar chimney, inclined solar chimney reinforced ventilation principle, The application of integrated solar chimney to enhance natural ventilation technology in Qinba Mountain area is put forward. (2) under the climatic conditions of Qinba Mountain area, the two-story rural residential building with a height of 3m is used when the width of the integrated solar chimney is 0.8m. When the inlet and outlet width is 0.2 m, the entrance of the second floor is inclined down by 4 os, and the inclination angle of the inclined section is 30 o, the ventilation of the solar chimney reaches the maximum, that is, the optimum working condition. (3) the ventilation of the solar chimney is inversely proportional to the inclined angle of the chimney. The width of solar chimney has the greatest influence on the ventilation and velocity field. (4) by analyzing the relationship between building shape coefficient and energy consumption, as well as the relationship between building orientation and radiation quantity, combined with indoor lighting, The effect of solar chimney ventilation on indoor wind velocity distribution is suggested. The ratio of length to width is 2: 1.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU834

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本文編號(hào)：2405259