【摘要】：隨著各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的不斷發(fā)展,涉及到深部巖體工程的開(kāi)挖越來(lái)越多。由于在高應(yīng)力地區(qū)開(kāi)挖過(guò)程中,改變了巖體賦存的空間環(huán)境,容易發(fā)生巖爆災(zāi)害。然而,對(duì)于深部巖體巖樣直接取樣進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)存在諸多困難。因此,有必要在實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)利用巖爆相似材料試件模擬深部巖體在外界載荷擾動(dòng)下的動(dòng)靜態(tài)力學(xué)特性試驗(yàn)。本文選取贛江細(xì)砂、水泥、石膏、礦物質(zhì)金屬鋁粉、鐵粉以及水為相似材料的原材料�；谡辉O(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)方法,以d{砂率(A)、石膏水泥比(B)和含水率(C)為3個(gè)影響因素,制作相似材料試件,并測(cè)定其力學(xué)性能。根據(jù)巖爆發(fā)生的烈度與沖擊能量指數(shù)及抗壓拉強(qiáng)度比的關(guān)系,選出三種巖爆相似材料試件:普通巖爆相似材料試件、含鋁粉巖爆相似材料試件及含鐵粉巖爆相似材料試件。將制備好的三種巖爆相似材料試件按要求加工好,在霍普金森壓桿裝置系統(tǒng)上進(jìn)行純動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)試驗(yàn)和一維動(dòng)靜組合加載試驗(yàn)。處理試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)得到試件的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線,分析四種不同的沖擊氣壓條件下的三種巖爆相似材料試件純動(dòng)態(tài)破壞和一維動(dòng)靜組合加載破壞的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線,可得如下結(jié)論:(1)添加了金屬成分的巖爆相似材料試件抗壓強(qiáng)度要高于普通巖爆相似材料試件,其中含鐵粉巖爆相似材料試件抗壓強(qiáng)度要比含鋁粉巖爆相似材料試件高。(2)巖爆相似材料試件抗壓強(qiáng)度隨著沖擊氣壓增大而增大。(3)一維動(dòng)靜組合加載下的含鐵粉巖爆相似材料試件的抗壓強(qiáng)度要高于純動(dòng)態(tài)沖擊下的。(4)巖爆相似材料試件塊度破裂程度與沖擊氣壓有關(guān),沖擊氣壓越大破裂程度越明顯;其中,一維動(dòng)靜組合加載下其破裂程度要高于純動(dòng)態(tài)沖擊下的。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of economic construction in various countries, more and more deep rock mass engineering excavation is involved. Because of the change of space environment of rock mass during excavation in high stress area, rockburst is easy to occur. However, there are many difficulties in direct sampling of rock samples from deep rock mass. Therefore, it is necessary to simulate the dynamic and dynamic mechanical properties of deep rock mass under external load disturbance by using similar materials of rockburst in laboratory. This paper selects Ganjiang fine sand, cement, gypsum, mineral metal aluminum powder, iron powder and water as the raw materials. Based on the orthogonal design test method, three influencing factors, d {sand ratio (A), gypsum cement ratio (B) and moisture content (C), were used to make similar material specimens and their mechanical properties were measured. According to the relationship between the intensity of rock burst and the impact energy index and the ratio of compressive strength to tensile strength, three kinds of rock burst similar material specimens are selected: the ordinary rock burst similar material specimen, the aluminum powder rock burst similar material specimen and the iron powder rock burst similar material specimen. Three kinds of rock-burst similar materials were prepared and processed according to the requirements. The pure dynamic mechanical tests and one-dimensional dynamic and static loading tests were carried out on the Hopkinson pressure-bar system. The stress-strain curves of the specimens are obtained by processing the test data, and the stress-strain curves of three kinds of rock-burst similar materials under four different impact pressure conditions are analyzed, which are pure dynamic failure and one-dimensional dynamic and static combined loading failure. The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) the compressive strength of the rockburst similar material specimen with metal composition is higher than that of the ordinary rock burst similar material specimen. Among them, the compressive strength of the specimen of the similar material containing iron powder is higher than that of the specimen of the similar material containing aluminum powder. (2) the compressive strength of the specimen of the similar material of rock explosion increases with the increase of impact pressure. (3) One-dimensional dynamic and dynamic combination loading. The compressive strength of the specimen with similar iron-bearing rockburst is higher than that of the specimen with pure dynamic impact. (4) the degree of fragmentation of the specimen of the rockburst similar material is related to the impact pressure. The greater the impact pressure, the more obvious the rupture degree; The fracture degree of one-dimensional dynamic and dynamic combination is higher than that of pure dynamic impact.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU45

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