【摘要】：滑坡是一種常見的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,地質(zhì)、氣候、人類活動(dòng)的變化等都會(huì)對(duì)滑坡的發(fā)生產(chǎn)生一定的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與普通土質(zhì)邊坡相比膨脹土邊坡滑坡具有明顯的淺層性和牽引性等特點(diǎn),并認(rèn)為膨脹性是邊坡發(fā)生破壞的主要原因,此外裂隙性、干濕循環(huán)以及超固結(jié)性都會(huì)對(duì)邊坡的穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生一定的影響。錨桿格構(gòu)梁是利用格構(gòu)梁進(jìn)行坡面防護(hù),同時(shí)利用錨桿加以固定的一種綜合防護(hù)措施,由于其積極有效的支護(hù)效果,在邊坡加固工程中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,特別是對(duì)于膨脹土等特殊土質(zhì)邊坡的加固效果尤為明顯。然而相對(duì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用來(lái)說(shuō),現(xiàn)有的理論研究中對(duì)于錨桿格構(gòu)梁在膨脹土中的理論研究還相對(duì)較少,當(dāng)考慮土體膨脹性時(shí),錨固體的軸力是否會(huì)發(fā)生變化,變化趨勢(shì)如何,以及考慮膨脹性時(shí)邊坡的穩(wěn)定性是否會(huì)發(fā)生變化,這些都是需要考慮的重要問(wèn)題。針對(duì)以上不足,本文研究了如下內(nèi)容,并得到了相應(yīng)的結(jié)論:(1)根據(jù)彈性力學(xué)中的變形協(xié)調(diào)方程,推導(dǎo)膨脹應(yīng)力與膨脹應(yīng)變之間的關(guān)系,并根據(jù)已有研究成果推導(dǎo)得出膨脹土膨脹影響Z0范圍內(nèi)任意深度處土體的位移量,為后面章節(jié)考慮土體間相對(duì)位移提供計(jì)算依據(jù)。(2)本文借鑒樁基的受力特性來(lái)研究膨脹土中的錨固體受力。據(jù)彈性理論,在考慮膨脹土膨脹性的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)考慮土體-錨固體間的相對(duì)位移,對(duì)錨桿格構(gòu)梁結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行受力分析,得出了膨脹區(qū)域及非膨脹區(qū)域內(nèi)錨固體的軸力及摩阻力解析解,通過(guò)算例分析其變化規(guī)律,并針對(duì)錨固體長(zhǎng)度、直徑及膨脹影響深度等可能產(chǎn)生影響的因素進(jìn)行參數(shù)分析,并驗(yàn)證其合理性。(3)根據(jù)前人研究的膨脹土膨脹規(guī)律,利用瑞典條分法,計(jì)算考慮膨脹土不同膨脹階段的邊坡穩(wěn)定系數(shù)。中性點(diǎn)理論是巖土錨固中的重要理論,通常把錨桿中無(wú)相對(duì)位移發(fā)生且摩阻力為零的點(diǎn)定義為中性點(diǎn)。以膨脹深度與中性點(diǎn)的位置關(guān)系為界,將膨脹階段分為初期和減緩期兩個(gè)階段。通過(guò)算例分析驗(yàn)證,證明膨脹初期為土體急劇膨脹階段,在錨固體與膨脹土界面會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)摩阻力,使得邊坡穩(wěn)定系數(shù)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì);而隨著土體膨脹的減緩,界面出現(xiàn)正摩阻力,邊坡穩(wěn)定系數(shù)逐漸降低。(4)結(jié)合鎮(zhèn)江象山邊坡加固工程,運(yùn)用巖土分析軟件MIDAS/GTS建立三維邊坡模型,把有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果與本文理論方法計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,證明本文方法的可行性、合理性及經(jīng)濟(jì)性。
[Abstract]:Landslide is a common geological hazard, geology, climate, human activities and other changes will have a certain impact on the occurrence of landslides. It is found that compared with ordinary soil slope, expansive soil slope has obvious characteristics of shallow layer and traction, and it is considered that expansion is the main reason of slope failure, in addition, fracture is also found. Dry-wet circulation and over-consolidation will affect slope stability to some extent. Anchor lattice beam is a kind of comprehensive protective measure which uses lattice beam to protect slope surface and is fixed by anchor rod. Because of its positive and effective supporting effect, it has been widely used in slope reinforcement engineering. Especially for expansive soil and other special soil slope reinforcement effect is particularly obvious. However, compared with the practical application, there are relatively few theoretical studies on anchoring lattice beam in expansive soil. When considering soil expansion, whether the axial force of anchor body will change and what the change trend is, It is important to consider whether the stability of slope will change when considering expansibility. In view of the above deficiencies, the following contents are studied and the corresponding conclusions are obtained: (1) according to the deformation coordination equation in elastic mechanics, the relationship between expansion stress and expansion strain is derived. According to the existing research results, it is deduced that the swelling of expansive soil affects the displacement of soil at any depth in the range Z0. It provides the basis for the later chapters to consider the relative displacement of soil. (2) this paper uses the mechanical characteristics of pile foundation to study the stress of anchoring body in expansive soil. According to the elastic theory, considering the expansive property of expansive soil and considering the relative displacement between soil and anchor body, the stress of the lattice beam structure is analyzed. The analytical solutions of axial force and frictional resistance of anchors in expansive and non-expansive regions are obtained. The variation law of anchors is analyzed by an example. The parameters of anchors such as length, diameter and depth of expansion are analyzed. The rationality of the method is verified. (3) according to the expansion law of expansive soil studied by predecessors, the slope stability coefficient considering different expansion stages of expansive soil is calculated by using Swedish slice method. The neutral point theory is an important theory in rock and soil anchoring. Usually, the point in which there is no relative displacement and the friction resistance is zero is defined as the neutral point. Based on the relationship between the depth of expansion and the position of neutral point, the expansion stage is divided into two stages: the initial stage and the slow stage. Through the example analysis and verification, it is proved that the initial expansion stage is the rapid expansion stage of soil, and the negative friction will occur at the interface between the anchor body and the expansive soil, which will make the slope stability coefficient increase in a short period of time, but with the slow down of soil expansion, the stability coefficient of the slope will increase in a short period of time. Due to the appearance of positive friction at the interface, the slope stability coefficient decreases gradually. (4) combined with the strengthening project of Xiangshan slope in Zhenjiang, a three-dimensional slope model is established by using the geotechnical analysis software MIDAS/GTS, and the finite element calculation results are compared with the calculated results of the theoretical method in this paper. The feasibility, rationality and economy of this method are proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU472

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