【摘要】：2000年后,中國(guó)的老年人口數(shù)量不斷攀升,目前我國(guó)已躍升為全球老年人口數(shù)量最多的國(guó)家。人口老齡化是當(dāng)前中國(guó)社會(huì)所面臨的重要問(wèn)題之一,在一定程度上對(duì)社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境產(chǎn)生影響,需要從各個(gè)方面引起關(guān)注和應(yīng)對(duì),其中,就包括建筑學(xué)和城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃相關(guān)領(lǐng)域?qū)淆g化形勢(shì)下居住區(qū)空間如何更好地適宜老齡化的問(wèn)題。對(duì)此,國(guó)內(nèi)外的學(xué)者以此開展了相關(guān)研究,形成了較為豐富的相關(guān)研究成果,但對(duì)于住宅區(qū)戶外公共空間的適老化設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題,尚有待于進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展和深化。由于廣州屬于我國(guó)的超大城市,廣州的老齡化問(wèn)題亦同樣隨著城市人口總數(shù)的增長(zhǎng)而日趨嚴(yán)重。并且受傳統(tǒng)文化的影響,廣州地區(qū)的老年人多選擇居家養(yǎng)老方式。因此,本文結(jié)合廣州地區(qū)老年人養(yǎng)老居住的特征及地域氣候、文化、行為等特征,開展居住區(qū)戶外公共空間的適老化設(shè)計(jì)研究,對(duì)于進(jìn)一步完善廣州地區(qū)住宅區(qū)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì),充分適應(yīng)老年人的戶外活動(dòng)需求,具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文通過(guò)對(duì)廣州地區(qū)多個(gè)住宅區(qū)戶外公共空間的實(shí)地考察、問(wèn)卷和訪談?wù){(diào)查、及相應(yīng)的分析、總結(jié)和推論,取得了以下主要結(jié)論:(1)實(shí)地考察、問(wèn)卷和訪談?wù){(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,廣州市不同老化程度的老年人日�；顒�(dòng)在時(shí)間上存在著全時(shí)性、差異性的特點(diǎn),并隨著程度的加深,其活動(dòng)類型逐漸單一化,較傾向選擇復(fù)合型的活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所,對(duì)空間的協(xié)助性、安全性、便捷性、全季節(jié)使用的需求越來(lái)越大。(2)廣州地區(qū)住宅區(qū)戶外空間對(duì)于老年人而言,在活動(dòng)空間布局、休憩空間、健身鍛煉空間、步行道路空間、景觀綠化空間、氣候適應(yīng)性、空間文化氛圍、運(yùn)營(yíng)與管理等方面仍存在一定的不足;另外廣州市老年人與非老年人對(duì)空間的需求在空間優(yōu)先度、包容性、復(fù)合性和多樣性、動(dòng)態(tài)適應(yīng)性等方面存在差異。(3)為了構(gòu)建適老化基礎(chǔ)上多代共享使用的住宅區(qū)戶外公共空間,應(yīng)以合理緊湊的空間布局、多樣化的功能空間、宜居和動(dòng)態(tài)適應(yīng)的戶外公共空間為目標(biāo),采取宜居性、多樣性、動(dòng)態(tài)適應(yīng)性的設(shè)計(jì)策略,遵循共享性、多樣性、動(dòng)靜分區(qū)、可達(dá)性、地域性和安全性的設(shè)計(jì)原則。(4)在整體建構(gòu)上,廣州地區(qū)住宅區(qū)戶外公共空間的適老化設(shè)計(jì),應(yīng)關(guān)注和合理、有效處理空間布局、尺度、形態(tài)、邊界與節(jié)點(diǎn)等幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題,通過(guò)適應(yīng)老年人的空間類型與尺度配置、適應(yīng)老年人的整體性布局、特征化的空間形態(tài)、柔化的空間邊界、連接性強(qiáng)的空間形態(tài)的構(gòu)建,以期營(yíng)造適老化基礎(chǔ)上多代共享使用的戶外公共空間。(5)在各主要分類空間方面,廣州地區(qū)住宅區(qū)戶外公共空間的適老化設(shè)計(jì),須結(jié)合各類空間的使用功能及其特征,從空間布局、尺度、邊界等方面,營(yíng)造功能復(fù)合型的活動(dòng)健身空間、促進(jìn)老年人交往的休憩空間、保健康復(fù)性的綠化空間及安全易辨認(rèn)的道路空間。(6)在空間要素層面,廣州地區(qū)住宅區(qū)戶外空間的適老化設(shè)計(jì),應(yīng)在座椅、臺(tái)階、坡道及扶手、照明設(shè)施、標(biāo)識(shí)系統(tǒng)、公共服務(wù)設(shè)施和植物園藝等方面符合適老化與多代際共享的需求。
[Abstract]:Since 2000, the number of the elderly population in China has been increasing continuously, and now China has become the country with the largest number of the elderly population in the world.Population aging is one of the most important problems facing the current Chinese society. To a certain extent, it has an impact on society, economy and environment, which needs to be paid attention to and coped with from various aspects, including Architecture and urban and rural planning are related to the aging of residential space under the situation of how to better adapt to the aging problem. To this end, scholars at home and abroad have carried out relevant research and formed a relatively rich related research results, but for residential outdoor public space aging design, still need to be further expanded and As Guangzhou is a mega-city in China, the aging problem in Guangzhou is also becoming more and more serious with the increase of the total urban population. Affected by the traditional culture, the elderly in Guangzhou choose to live at home to provide for the aged. Therefore, this paper combines the characteristics of the elderly living in Guangzhou and regional climate, culture, line. In order to meet the needs of the elderly, it is of great practical significance to carry out the research on the ageing design of the outdoor public space in residential areas in Guangzhou. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Field investigation, questionnaires and interviews show that the daily activities of the elderly with different degrees of aging in Guangzhou have the characteristics of full-time and difference in time. With the deepening of the degree, the types of activities are gradually simplified, and they tend to choose complex activities. (2) Guangzhou residential outdoor space for the elderly, in the layout of activity space, recreation space, fitness exercise space, walking space, landscape greening space, climate adaptability, space and cultural atmosphere, operation and management, etc. There are still some deficiencies; in addition, there are differences in space priority, inclusiveness, complexity and diversity, and dynamic adaptability between the elderly and non-elderly in Guangzhou. (3) In order to build a multi-generation residential outdoor public space on the basis of aging, it should be reasonable and compact spatial layout, diversification. Functional space, livable and dynamic adaptation of the outdoor public space as the goal, adopt livable, diversity, dynamic adaptability design strategy, follow the sharing, diversity, dynamic and static zoning, accessibility, regional and safety design principles. (4) In the overall construction, Guangzhou residential area outdoor public space aging design, should be concerned about. To deal with the problems of space layout, scale, shape, boundary and node effectively and reasonably, we should adapt the space type and scale configuration of the elderly, the overall layout of the elderly, the characteristic space form, the softening space boundary, and the construction of the space form with strong connectivity so as to create a multi-generational co-existence on the basis of aging. (5) In terms of the main classified spaces, the ageing design of outdoor public spaces in residential areas in Guangzhou should be combined with the functions and characteristics of all kinds of spaces, so as to create a functional compound type of activity and fitness space from the aspects of space layout, scale, boundary, etc., so as to promote the leisure space and health care for the elderly. Rehabilitative green space and safe and recognizable road space. (6) On the aspect of space elements, the ageing design of Guangzhou residential outdoor space should meet the needs of aging and multi-generation sharing in the aspects of seats, steps, ramps and handrails, lighting facilities, marking systems, public service facilities and botanical gardening.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.12

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