【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,電力消耗也在持續(xù)的增加,同時(shí)電力需求出現(xiàn)用電高峰負(fù)荷增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快,電網(wǎng)負(fù)荷不平衡,峰谷負(fù)荷差越來(lái)越大的新特點(diǎn),蓄能技術(shù)是需求側(cè)調(diào)峰的有效途徑。本文研究自然分層型水蓄冷斜溫層生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程,以方形蓄冷水槽為應(yīng)用背景,針對(duì)H型條縫布水器存在消耗管材管件量大、釋冷存在死區(qū)、水力失調(diào)、布水不均等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了方形布水器,并在方形布水器基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化,以達(dá)到提升布水器性能的目的。本文建立了蓄冷/釋冷實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),對(duì)H型條縫布水器和方形布水器進(jìn)行了不同流量下的蓄冷/釋冷實(shí)驗(yàn),測(cè)試水槽內(nèi)垂直方向上溫度的逐時(shí)變化。建立流動(dòng)可視化實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái),對(duì)方形布水器進(jìn)行流動(dòng)可視化研究,提出方形布水器的改進(jìn)措施,設(shè)計(jì)出了出口百葉+開(kāi)孔方形布水器,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了與H型條縫布水器和方形布水器同等條件下的蓄冷/釋冷實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)三種布水器的蓄冷/釋冷實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),從溫度波動(dòng)、斜溫層厚度、斜溫層厚度變化率、初始斜溫層厚度以及半循環(huán)完善度(FOM1/2)五個(gè)方面對(duì)三種布水器進(jìn)行性能對(duì)比研究。由于蓄冷/釋冷實(shí)驗(yàn)只能確定溫度參數(shù),不能從布水器的流動(dòng)特性方面進(jìn)行更深入的研究,因此對(duì)出口百葉+開(kāi)孔方形布水器建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算,并將數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,以確定數(shù)值模擬的準(zhǔn)確性。根據(jù)出口百葉+開(kāi)孔方形布水器的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,提出調(diào)整百葉位置和優(yōu)化布水器內(nèi)部流動(dòng)通道結(jié)構(gòu)的改進(jìn)措施,對(duì)改進(jìn)型布水器進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算,并對(duì)改進(jìn)效果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)蓄冷過(guò)程形成的水流摻混強(qiáng)于釋冷過(guò)程,并且蓄冷/釋冷過(guò)程中斜溫層的溫度分布符合偏態(tài)函數(shù)的分布函數(shù),斜溫層厚度呈先減小后增大的變化趨勢(shì),流量較小時(shí)初始斜溫層較薄,斜溫層厚度逐時(shí)增加,當(dāng)流量較大時(shí),水流摻混使得初始斜溫層較厚,待斜溫層穩(wěn)定后斜溫層厚度逐時(shí)增加。對(duì)三種布水器的性能對(duì)比,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)出口百葉+開(kāi)孔方形布水器能夠有效的降低蓄冷過(guò)程中水流摻混,蓄冷半循環(huán)完善度(FOM1/2.charge)在流量為920L/h時(shí)最大為91%,而條縫型布水器和方形布水器在流量為720L/h時(shí)最大為87%,最佳蓄冷效率和最佳蓄冷效率對(duì)應(yīng)流量都得到提高;釋冷過(guò)程中,條縫型布水器的性能最好,而出口百葉+開(kāi)孔方形布水器不適用于流量大于920L/h的情況,在釋冷過(guò)程中方形布水器可以代替出口百葉+開(kāi)孔方形布水器使用。根據(jù)數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,調(diào)整百葉位置和優(yōu)化布水器內(nèi)部流動(dòng)通道結(jié)構(gòu)后的改進(jìn)型方形布水器能夠有效的較小水流摻混,提高斜溫層穩(wěn)定性,從而提高蓄冷水槽效率。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy, the consumption of electric power is increasing continuously. At the same time, the demand of electricity increases too fast, the load of power grid is unbalanced, and the load difference between peak and valley is more and more big. Energy storage technology is an effective way to adjust peak on demand side. In this paper, the growth process of natural stratified water storage cooling inclined temperature layer is studied. Taking the square storage tank as the application background, the H type water distributor has the problems of large consumption of pipe fittings, dead zone of cold release, imbalance of hydraulic power and uneven distribution of water. The square water distributor is designed and optimized on the basis of the square water distributor to improve the performance of the water distributor. In this paper, a cold storage / release experiment system has been established, and the cold storage / cooling release experiments have been carried out on H slit water dispensers and square water dispensers with different flow rates. The temperature variation in vertical direction in the flume has been measured time by time. The flow visualization experiment bench was set up, the flow visualization of the square water distributor was studied, the improvement measures of the square water distributor were put forward, and the outlet shutter square water distributor was designed. The cold storage / cooling release experiments were carried out under the same conditions as H slit water dispensers and square water dispensers. Based on the experimental data of cold storage / cooling release of three water dispensers, the performances of the three water dispensers were compared and studied from five aspects: temperature fluctuation, variation rate of inclined temperature layer thickness, initial inclined temperature layer thickness and semi-cycle perfection (FOM1/2). Because the temperature parameters can only be determined in the cold storage / release experiment, the flow characteristics of the water dispenser can not be studied more deeply, so the mathematical model of the outlet shutter square water distributor is established and the numerical simulation is carried out. The accuracy of the numerical simulation is determined by comparing the numerical simulation results with the experimental results. According to the numerical simulation results of the outlet shutter square water dispenser, the improvement measures of adjusting the position of the shutter and optimizing the flow channel structure of the water distributor are put forward, and the improved water distributor is numerically simulated and calculated, and the improved effect is evaluated. According to the experimental results, it can be found that the mixing of water in the cold storage process is stronger than that in the cold release process, and the temperature distribution of the inclined temperature layer accords with the distribution function of the skew temperature function during the cold storage / release process, and the thickness of the inclined temperature layer decreases first and then increases. When the flow rate is small, the initial inclined temperature layer is thinner, and the thickness of the inclined temperature layer increases time by hour. When the flow rate is larger, the initial inclined temperature layer is thicker when the flow rate is large, and the thickness of the inclined temperature layer increases time by hour after the inclined temperature layer is stabilized. By comparing the performance of three kinds of water dispensers, it can be found that the outlet shutter square water dispenser can effectively reduce the mixing of water flow during the process of cold storage. The maximum of FOM1/2.charge is 91 when the flow rate is 920L/h, while the maximum of slit water distributor and square water distributor is 87 when the flow rate is 720L/h, the optimum storage efficiency and the best storage efficiency are both improved. The slotted water distributor has the best performance, but the outlet shutter square water distributor is not suitable for the case where the flow rate is larger than 920L/h. In the process of cooling release, the square water distributor can replace the outlet shutter square water distributor. According to the results of numerical simulation, the improved square water dispenser after adjusting the position of the louver and optimizing the flow channel structure of the water distributor can effectively mix small water flow, improve the stability of the inclined temperature layer, and thus improve the efficiency of the storage tank.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU831

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本文編號(hào)：2198824