【摘要】：隨著中國(guó)城市化的快速推進(jìn),國(guó)內(nèi)大多數(shù)城市的建成空間不斷擴(kuò)張,城市居民的職住空間關(guān)系發(fā)生了顯著的變化,城市通勤所引起的問題(長(zhǎng)距離通勤、交通擁堵、空氣污染)也日益突出。因此,對(duì)城市職住物理空間結(jié)構(gòu)和居民現(xiàn)實(shí)中的職住空間選擇之間的差異和關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究,有利于幫助我們了解城市職住空間失配的程度以及影響因素,并為促進(jìn)更合理的職住關(guān)系提供相應(yīng)規(guī)劃依據(jù)。本文借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外過度通勤的理論和實(shí)證研究經(jīng)驗(yàn),利用深圳地鐵刷卡數(shù)據(jù)來研究深圳市居民通勤的基本空間特征和過度通勤問題,同時(shí)選取具備代表性的就業(yè)中心-深圳市高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)(高新園)作為案例,通過問卷調(diào)查來了解影響高新園職工職住空間選擇的因素。本文通過地鐵數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)深圳市地鐵網(wǎng)絡(luò)所覆蓋區(qū)域的居民通勤基本空間結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行描述和分析,并運(yùn)用White的線性規(guī)劃方法對(duì)深圳市基于地鐵刷卡數(shù)據(jù)的過度通勤率等指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算。在地鐵刷卡數(shù)據(jù)分析基礎(chǔ)上,本文通過問卷調(diào)查的形式對(duì)高新區(qū)職工的職住關(guān)系及其影響因素進(jìn)行了解。分析結(jié)果表明,在一個(gè)復(fù)雜而多樣性的城市里,居民的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)屬性會(huì)在很大程度上影響他們對(duì)職住空間的選擇。因此,政策制定者在研究如何提高通勤效率時(shí)并非僅僅是從城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)上注重土地利用的職住平衡,更應(yīng)該認(rèn)真考慮引起職住空間失配的深層次原因。本文結(jié)合地鐵刷卡數(shù)據(jù)和問卷調(diào)查對(duì)深圳市的過度通勤和影響因素進(jìn)行分析,嘗試?yán)谩按髷?shù)據(jù)”和“小數(shù)據(jù)”的優(yōu)點(diǎn)并有機(jī)的進(jìn)行結(jié)合,在數(shù)據(jù)的運(yùn)用上具有一定的理論意義,是對(duì)過度通勤理論的有益擴(kuò)展。此外,本文將過度通勤理論應(yīng)用于實(shí)證研究之中,分析深圳市的過度通勤現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素,并依此提出相應(yīng)的建議,為深圳促進(jìn)更合理的職住關(guān)系,引導(dǎo)城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供相應(yīng)的規(guī)劃依據(jù),有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the completed space of most cities in China is expanding, the relationship between urban residents' occupational space and living space has changed significantly, and the problems caused by urban commuting (long-distance commuting, traffic congestion, urban commuting), Air pollution) is also increasingly prominent. Therefore, the study of the difference and relationship between the physical spatial structure of urban vocational residence and the choice of occupation and residence space of residents in reality will help us to understand the degree of mismatch of urban occupational space and the influencing factors. And to promote more reasonable occupation and housing relationship to provide the corresponding planning basis. Based on the theoretical and empirical research experience of excessive commuting at home and abroad, this paper studies the basic spatial characteristics of commuting and the problem of excessive commuting in Shenzhen by using the card data of Shenzhen Metro. At the same time, the representative employment center-Shenzhen Hi-tech Industrial Park (Hi-Tech Park) is selected as a case study to find out the factors that affect the choice of employment space for hi-tech park staff. Based on the subway data, this paper describes and analyzes the basic spatial structure of commuting in the area covered by the subway network in Shenzhen. The method of linear programming of White is used to calculate the over-commute rate of Shenzhen based on the data of card brushing. On the basis of the data analysis of subway credit card, this paper makes a survey on the occupation and residence relationship of the workers and staff in the high-tech zone and its influencing factors. The results show that in a complex and diverse city, the social and economic attributes of the residents will greatly affect their choice of occupation and housing space. Therefore, when studying how to improve commuting efficiency, policy makers should not only pay attention to the occupation and housing balance of land use from the urban spatial structure, but also seriously consider the deep-seated causes of the mismatch of occupational space. Based on the data of subway credit card and questionnaire survey, this paper analyzes the excessive commuting and influencing factors in Shenzhen City, and tries to combine the advantages of "big data" and "small data" and combine them organically. The application of data has certain theoretical significance and is a beneficial extension of the theory of excessive commuting. In addition, this paper applies the theory of excessive commuting to the empirical research, analyzes the status quo of excessive commuting in Shenzhen and its influencing factors, and puts forward corresponding suggestions to promote a more reasonable relationship between occupation and housing in Shenzhen. It is of great practical significance to guide the urban sustainable development to provide the corresponding planning basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U12;TU984.191

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本文編號(hào)：2175502