本文選題：高揚(yáng)程 + 斷流彌合水錘　； 參考：《寧夏大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著城市建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展和人民生活水平的日益提高,長(zhǎng)距離大型輸水工程越來(lái)越多,隨之而來(lái)的工程爆管問(wèn)題引起越來(lái)越多工程人員的注意。高揚(yáng)程多起伏有壓輸水管道中易發(fā)生水柱分離與斷流彌合水錘,并造成嚴(yán)重的水錘危害。因此,高揚(yáng)程多起伏輸水管道系統(tǒng)水錘防護(hù)問(wèn)題,作為輸水管道安全運(yùn)行的重要課題之一,是很有必要進(jìn)行深入研究的。本文首先介紹了水錘基本理論和現(xiàn)有的水錘計(jì)算特征線方程法,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了氣液兩相瞬變流,并對(duì)管道中氣泡形成的主要原因、氣液兩相瞬變流的常用數(shù)學(xué)模型等進(jìn)行了深入研究。建立了事故停泵水錘計(jì)算數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行模擬計(jì)算。結(jié)合海原新區(qū)水源泵站改造工程,對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)單位提出三種管線方案:①原管線方案;②原管線在樁號(hào)K3+800m處設(shè)轉(zhuǎn)換池方案;③在原管線兩道深溝處修建管橋抬高管線高程方案。通過(guò)對(duì)這三種管線布置方案進(jìn)行事故停泵水錘計(jì)算分析,得出如下結(jié)論:(1)在最高點(diǎn)設(shè)轉(zhuǎn)換池,對(duì)事故停泵水錘的消除和改善沒(méi)有明顯效果,而且增加高位轉(zhuǎn)換池會(huì)造成水泵揚(yáng)程的浪費(fèi)、投資及維護(hù)費(fèi)用的增加;(2)采用抬高管路部分低點(diǎn)高程,不能消除水柱斷裂現(xiàn)象,而且修建管橋的投資非常大;(3)對(duì)三種管線布置方案事故停泵水錘分析計(jì)算,最終確定為原管線方案。通過(guò)對(duì)不同運(yùn)行工況下事故停泵水錘計(jì)算,確定出事故停泵兩階段關(guān)閉蝶閥最優(yōu)操作程序;同時(shí)提供了事故停泵各斷面最大、最小壓力變化過(guò)程線及相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),為泵站的管線設(shè)計(jì)提供了可靠的數(shù)據(jù);(4)通過(guò)對(duì)該泵站水錘計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,采用兩階段關(guān)閉蝶閥及沿管線局部高點(diǎn)設(shè)置進(jìn)、排氣補(bǔ)氣閥,可有效控制事故停泵時(shí)機(jī)組倒轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)速、倒泄流量。同時(shí),可有效消除由于事故停泵產(chǎn)生的水柱斷裂現(xiàn)象。綜合分析認(rèn)為該泵站有效的防護(hù)措施:當(dāng)事故停泵時(shí),在泵出口采用兩階段關(guān)閉蝶閥調(diào)節(jié);在管道局部高點(diǎn)設(shè)置進(jìn)、排氣補(bǔ)氣閥;在確定管道壓力等級(jí)時(shí),在管道易出現(xiàn)水柱斷裂的管段,適當(dāng)考慮在200m左右范圍內(nèi)增加相應(yīng)的壓力,可使此類高揚(yáng)程輸水管道的防護(hù)取得良好效果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban construction and the improvement of people's living standard, there are more and more long-distance large-scale water conveyance projects. The separation of water column and closure of water hammer are easy to occur in high lift multi-undulating and pressurized water conveyance pipeline, which causes serious harm to water hammer. Therefore, as one of the most important issues in the safe operation of water conveyance pipeline, it is necessary to study the problem of water hammer protection in high lift and multi-fluctuation pipeline system. In this paper, the basic theory of water hammer and the existing characteristic line equation method of water hammer calculation are introduced in this paper. On this basis, the gas-liquid two-phase transient flow is analyzed, and the main reasons for the formation of bubbles in the pipeline are analyzed. The mathematical models of gas-liquid two-phase transient flow are studied in detail. The mathematical model of water hammer calculation is established, and the computer is used to simulate the water hammer. Combined with the reconstruction project of water source pump station in Haiyuan New area, three kinds of pipeline schemes: 1 original pipeline scheme and 2 original pipeline plan are put forward for the design unit. The transfer pool scheme is set up at the position of pile number K3800m and the original pipe bridge elevation scheme is built at the two deep ditches of the original pipeline. Through the calculation and analysis of the three pipeline layout schemes, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) setting up a transfer pool at the highest point has no obvious effect on the elimination and improvement of the accident stop pump water hammer. Moreover, the increase of the high position transfer pool will cause waste of the pump head, the increase of investment and maintenance costs, and the adoption of raising part of the low point elevation of the pipeline will not eliminate the phenomenon of water column breakage. Moreover, the investment in the construction of the pipe bridge is very large. The analysis and calculation of the water hammer caused by the accident of three pipeline layout schemes are finally determined as the original pipeline scheme. Through the calculation of water hammer under different operating conditions, the optimal operation procedure of the two stage closure butterfly valve is determined, and the maximum and minimum pressure variation process line and relevant data are provided for each section of the accident stop pump. This paper provides reliable data for the pipeline design of the pumping station. The calculation results of water hammer in the pump station show that adopting the two-stage closing butterfly valve and setting the intake valve along the local high point of the pipeline and the exhaust filling valve can effectively control the turning speed of the unit when the pump is stopped in an accident. Reverse discharge. At the same time, it can effectively eliminate the water column fracture caused by the accident pump stop. The comprehensive analysis shows that the effective protective measures for the pump station are: when the pump is stopped in an accident, the two-stage shutoff butterfly valve is adopted at the pump outlet, the intake valve is installed at the local high point of the pipeline, and the exhaust gas filling valve is installed; when determining the pressure grade of the pipeline, In the section where water column fracture is easy to occur in the pipeline, appropriate consideration should be given to increasing the corresponding pressure within the range of 200 m or so, which can make the protection of this kind of high head water conveyance pipeline obtain good results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.39

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