本文選題：沖擊回波法 + 無損檢測�。� 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,后張預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)以其特有的優(yōu)勢在橋梁工程中占有重要地位,然而實(shí)際工程中由于預(yù)應(yīng)力管道壓漿不密實(shí)易導(dǎo)致預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼筋發(fā)生銹蝕,由此帶來的結(jié)構(gòu)安全問題日益突出。此外,作為結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量評價(jià)的重要指標(biāo),混凝土強(qiáng)度傳統(tǒng)的檢測方法包括鉆芯法和回彈法,鉆芯法對結(jié)構(gòu)有一定損傷而回彈法誤差較大�；诖�,實(shí)際工程中需要一種準(zhǔn)確、方便的無損檢測方法對預(yù)應(yīng)力孔道壓漿質(zhì)量和混凝土強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行檢測。沖擊回波法是一種基于應(yīng)力波的無損檢測方法,基于該檢測方法,本文進(jìn)行了預(yù)應(yīng)力管道壓漿質(zhì)量和混凝土強(qiáng)度及彈性模量檢測的試驗(yàn)研究及工程應(yīng)用。論文主要工作和結(jié)論如下:(1)利用有限元軟件對沖擊回波法進(jìn)行模擬分析,結(jié)果表明沖擊回波法檢測中沖擊點(diǎn)和信號接收點(diǎn)的理想間距為4cm-8cm;對不同尺寸的灌漿缺陷進(jìn)行模擬,結(jié)果表明當(dāng)缺陷尺寸小于1cm時(shí)沖擊回波法無法對缺陷進(jìn)行定位檢測,當(dāng)缺陷尺寸超過2cm時(shí)沖擊回波法可以對缺陷進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確定位;通過改變沖擊點(diǎn)相對缺陷軸線位置的偏移距離進(jìn)行模擬分析,結(jié)果表明當(dāng)沖擊點(diǎn)偏移距離不超過0.7D(D為內(nèi)部缺陷尺寸)時(shí)沖擊回波法可以對灌漿缺陷進(jìn)行定位。(2)通過分析試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ桶逯胁煌酀{工況預(yù)應(yīng)力孔道的檢測特征頻譜圖,得出結(jié)論:當(dāng)預(yù)應(yīng)力孔道存在灌漿缺陷時(shí),板厚反射頻率有增大趨勢,試驗(yàn)測試中沖擊回波法可以對孔道灌漿缺陷進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確定位;對比不同材質(zhì)預(yù)應(yīng)力孔道測試特征頻譜圖發(fā)現(xiàn)波紋管材質(zhì)對檢測結(jié)果影響較小可以忽略;預(yù)應(yīng)力孔道灌漿密實(shí)的測試特征頻譜圖和密實(shí)混凝土板的測試特征頻譜圖基本一致,通過這一結(jié)果可以對灌漿密實(shí)的預(yù)應(yīng)力孔道進(jìn)行判定;對箱梁頂板橫向預(yù)應(yīng)力筋灌漿孔道的檢測結(jié)果表明,沖擊回波法能夠準(zhǔn)確的對灌漿缺陷進(jìn)行定位檢測。(3)通過對不同混凝土試件的測試特征頻譜圖進(jìn)行分析得出不同強(qiáng)度及不同骨料類型混凝土的應(yīng)力波波速,建立了混凝土應(yīng)力波波速-抗壓強(qiáng)度/彈性模量基本計(jì)算公式;相同強(qiáng)度條件下不同骨料類型混凝土中應(yīng)力波波速的關(guān)系為:普通混凝土波速海水珊瑚骨料混凝土波速陶�；炷敛ㄋ貳CC混凝土波速;波速-強(qiáng)度基本計(jì)算公式的工程檢測應(yīng)用表明:波速法能夠準(zhǔn)確的推算出混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的抗壓強(qiáng)度值,測試誤差小于7%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, post-tensioned prestressed concrete structures have played an important role in bridge engineering with their unique advantages. As a result, the structural safety problems are becoming more and more prominent. In addition, as an important index of structural quality evaluation, the traditional testing methods of concrete strength include the core drilling method and the rebound method. The core drilling method has some damage to the structure, but the rebound method has a big error. Based on this, a kind of accurate and convenient nondestructive testing method is needed in practical engineering to detect the grouting quality and concrete strength of prestressed channel. Impact echo method is a non-destructive testing method based on stress wave. Based on this method, the test research and engineering application of grouting quality, concrete strength and elastic modulus of prestressed pipeline are carried out in this paper. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) the impact echo method is simulated by finite element software. The results show that the ideal distance between the shock point and the signal receiving point is 4cm-8 cm, and the grouting defects of different sizes are simulated. The results show that the impact echo method can not locate the defect when the size of the defect is smaller than 1cm, and the impact echo method can accurately locate the defect when the size of the defect exceeds 2cm. By changing the offset distance of the impact point relative to the defect axis, the simulation analysis is carried out. The results show that the impact echo method can locate the grouting defects when the offset distance of the impact point is less than 0.7D(D. It is concluded that the reflection frequency of slab thickness increases when there are grouting defects in the prestressed channel, and the impact echo method can accurately locate the grouting defect in the test. Comparing with the characteristic spectrum diagram of different materials, it is found that the corrugated pipe material has little influence on the test results, and the spectrum of the test characteristic spectrum of the prestressed channel grouting density is basically the same as the test characteristic spectrum diagram of the dense concrete slab. Through this result, we can judge the prestressed holes with dense grouting, and the test results of the transverse prestressed tendons grouting holes in the roof of box girder show that, The impact echo method can accurately detect the grouting defects. (3) by analyzing the characteristic spectrum of different concrete samples, the stress wave velocity of concrete with different strength and different aggregate type can be obtained. A basic formula for calculating the stress-wave velocities, compressive strength and elastic modulus of concrete is established. Under the same strength condition, the relationship of stress wave velocity in concrete of different aggregate types is as follows: ordinary concrete wave velocity, seawater coral aggregate concrete wave velocity, ceramic concrete wave velocity, ECC concrete wave velocity; The application of the basic formula of wave velocities to strength calculation shows that the wave velocity method can accurately calculate the compressive strength of concrete structures, and the test error is less than 7.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU378

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