本文選題：磚土混合民居 + 安全性能�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前精準(zhǔn)扶貧的口號(hào)響徹全國(guó)各地,其工作重心大多集中在貧困農(nóng)村,其中盡快解決貧困戶的住房安全是扶貧攻堅(jiān)的核心工作之一。西北地區(qū)氣候、地理環(huán)境、資源、文化的特殊性,造就了特色鮮明的傳統(tǒng)生土民居,生動(dòng)地反映了人與自然和諧共生的關(guān)系。但是,調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),西北地區(qū)很多民居的承重墻體材料混用(如磚土混合等),材料選用隨意,自然材料的力學(xué)強(qiáng)度偏低,施工粗糙,技術(shù)工藝相對(duì)落后,缺乏抗震構(gòu)造措施,抵御地震災(zāi)害的能力嚴(yán)重不足。歷次地震中,倒塌房屋最多的是貧困地區(qū)的民居,傷亡最多的是農(nóng)村人口。本文的出發(fā)點(diǎn)就是針對(duì)西北貧困地區(qū)民居的安全性問題,秉持簡(jiǎn)單、有效、經(jīng)濟(jì)、實(shí)用的基本原則,提出一套適宜的加固技術(shù),提升當(dāng)?shù)孛窬拥陌踩阅�。主要研究�(jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)對(duì)西北地區(qū)各類型民居進(jìn)行調(diào)研,對(duì)其建筑形式,建造技藝、結(jié)構(gòu)形式進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié),對(duì)房屋存在的危險(xiǎn)性進(jìn)行分析。在對(duì)環(huán)境、資源和文化等分析思考的基礎(chǔ)上提出了一系列的加固方法。(2)在簡(jiǎn)單、有效、經(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)用的原則下,提出配筋砂漿帶刻槽加固生土民居技術(shù),并進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)研究。論文具體給出三種加固方案對(duì)傳統(tǒng)土坯墻體加固,然后進(jìn)行墻體擬靜力試驗(yàn)。分析未加固和加固后的傳統(tǒng)土坯墻體在低周反復(fù)荷載作用下的破壞形態(tài)、抗剪承載力、延性、剛度和耗能能力等抗震性能。通過試驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象及數(shù)據(jù)的分析對(duì)比,確定最適宜的加固技術(shù)措施。(3)對(duì)臨洮縣農(nóng)村危房加固改造工程的項(xiàng)目概況、前期調(diào)研與調(diào)查、安全性鑒定、加固方法和措施、工程造價(jià)分析等實(shí)踐內(nèi)容做了詳細(xì)的介紹。在工程實(shí)踐中探究并驗(yàn)證加固方法的可行性。
[Abstract]:At present, the slogan of precision poverty alleviation has been heard all over the country, and its focus of work is mostly concentrated in the poor rural areas, among which, to solve the housing security of poor households as soon as possible is one of the core tasks of poverty alleviation. The particularity of climate, geographical environment, resources and culture in Northwest China has brought up distinctive characteristics of traditional native folk houses, which vividly reflects the harmonious and symbiotic relationship between man and nature. However, the investigation found that the load-bearing wall materials of many houses in northwest China are mixed (such as brick and soil mixing, etc.), the materials are chosen arbitrarily, the mechanical strength of natural materials is on the low side, the construction is rough, the technical process is relatively backward, and the aseismic construction measures are lacking. The ability to withstand earthquake disasters is seriously inadequate. In previous earthquakes, the most collapsed houses were houses in poor areas, and the most casualties were in rural areas. The starting point of this paper is to put forward a set of appropriate reinforcement technology to improve the safety performance of residential buildings in the poverty-stricken areas of northwest China, adhering to the basic principles of simplicity, efficiency, economy and practicality. The main contents of this study are as follows: (1) investigation of various types of residential houses in Northwest China, summing up of their architectural forms, construction techniques and structural forms, and analysis of the danger of houses. Based on the analysis of environment, resources and culture, a series of reinforcement methods. In this paper, three kinds of reinforcement schemes are given to reinforce the traditional adobe wall, and then the quasi-static test of the wall is carried out. The failure behavior, shear bearing capacity, ductility, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of unreinforced and reinforced traditional adobe walls under low cyclic cyclic loading are analyzed. Through the analysis and comparison of experimental phenomena and data, the most suitable reinforcement technical measures, such as the general situation of the project, the preliminary investigation and investigation, the safety appraisal, the reinforcement methods and measures, are determined. The project cost analysis and other practical contents are introduced in detail. Explore and verify the feasibility of reinforcement method in engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU36

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