本文選題：英安巖 + 凍融循環(huán)�。� 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在寒區(qū)邊坡工程中,邊坡巖體常年經(jīng)受劇烈的凍融循環(huán)作用,由此導(dǎo)致巖體裂隙的擴(kuò)展發(fā)育極大的影響了工程的建設(shè)和安全運(yùn)行。近年來,對凍融條件下巖體裂隙的加固多依據(jù)常規(guī)工程經(jīng)驗(yàn),少有理論支撐,因此,研究循環(huán)凍融條件下巖體裂隙的損傷擴(kuò)展特性以及加固方式,對寒邊坡工程具有重要意義。本文依托導(dǎo)師項(xiàng)目,以西藏某水電站壩址區(qū)英安巖為研究對象,通過飽水狀態(tài)下英安巖巖石的凍融循環(huán)試驗(yàn)、單軸壓縮試驗(yàn)、相似材料試驗(yàn)、X射線三維激光掃描試驗(yàn)及相似材料裂隙加固等試驗(yàn),系統(tǒng)研究了英安巖在凍融條件下的裂隙微觀擴(kuò)展規(guī)律和相似材料在凍融條件下的裂隙宏觀擴(kuò)展規(guī)律,并結(jié)合兩種研究成果及其物理力學(xué)性質(zhì),探討寒區(qū)工程巖體裂隙的加固方式,主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)英安巖試樣隨著凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)的增加,其質(zhì)量呈現(xiàn)出先升高后降低,最終趨于穩(wěn)定的趨勢,凍融后質(zhì)量較初始質(zhì)量略微提高;(2)由英安巖試樣掃描前后成像結(jié)果對比可以得出,研究區(qū)英安巖原生孔隙及裂隙十分稀少,但其礦物顆粒膠結(jié)程度較弱,在凍融循環(huán)條件下會(huì)有不同程度的析出。由此,試樣內(nèi)部的孔隙呈現(xiàn)出單向擴(kuò)展、雙向擴(kuò)展以及膨脹擴(kuò)展的規(guī)律,同時(shí)較大裂隙擴(kuò)展會(huì)對四周較小裂隙產(chǎn)生擠壓作用,導(dǎo)致部分微小裂隙閉合;(3)裂隙巖體的凍融損傷劣化模式主要有三種類型:顆粒剝落模式、龜裂模式、沿原始裂隙開裂模式;單個(gè)凍融循環(huán)巖石環(huán)向應(yīng)變隨時(shí)間變化可分為五個(gè)階段:冷縮階段、內(nèi)部水體凍結(jié)階段、凍脹階段、融縮階段、平衡穩(wěn)定階段;(4)裂隙加固方式研究:在寒區(qū)裂隙加固工程中,錨桿支護(hù)角度在相當(dāng)程度上會(huì)影響到錨固力的作用,錨桿與裂隙夾角越小,作用于裂隙的錨桿力越低,因此宜垂直于裂隙進(jìn)行錨桿支護(hù);使用無機(jī)超細(xì)微粒組成的高性能灌漿材料對裂隙進(jìn)行壓力注漿,可以對邊坡碎裂巖體起到螺栓接連作用并防止水的滲入;(5)建議對淺表層部分碎裂巖體進(jìn)行開挖放坡,并布置排水孔與截水溝,對開挖區(qū)域范圍外的邊坡,其表面多為碎裂巖體的部分,采用掛網(wǎng)錨噴防護(hù)。此外設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)考慮凍融對錨桿加固效果的影響,并縮短位移監(jiān)測周期,以防出現(xiàn)錨桿失效的情況。
[Abstract]:In the cold region slope engineering, the slope rock mass is subjected to severe freeze-thaw cycle all year round, which leads to the expansion and development of rock mass cracks, which greatly affects the construction and safe operation of the project.In recent years, the reinforcement of rock fissures under freeze-thaw conditions is based on the experience of conventional engineering and there is little theoretical support. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the damage and propagation characteristics and reinforcement methods of rock fractures under cyclic freezing and thawing conditions for cold slope engineering.Based on the tutorial project, this paper takes the dacite in a dam site area of a hydropower station in Tibet as the research object, through the freezing and thawing cycle test and uniaxial compression test of the dacite rock under the condition of saturated water.In the similar material test, X-ray 3D laser scanning test and similar material crack strengthening test, the microcosmic propagation law of the crack in the permafrost and thawing condition and the macroscopic crack propagation law of the similar material under the condition of freezing and thawing are systematically studied.Combined with the two kinds of research results and their physical and mechanical properties, the reinforcement methods of rock mass cracks in cold region are discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) with the increase of freezing and thawing cycles, the quality of rock samples increases first and then decreases.Finally, the trend tends to be stable, the quality after freezing and thawing is slightly higher than the initial quality.) from the contrast of the imaging results before and after scanning, it can be concluded that the primary pores and fissures in the study area are very rare, but the degree of mineral particle cementation is relatively weak.In the freeze-thaw cycle conditions, there will be different degrees of precipitation.As a result, the pores in the specimen exhibit the law of unidirectional, bidirectional and expansion expansion. At the same time, the larger crack propagation will produce the squeezing effect on the surrounding smaller fractures.There are three main types of freeze-thaw damage deterioration mode of fissured rock mass: grain spalling mode, crack mode, and crack mode along the original crack;The variation of circumferential strain of single freeze-thaw cycle rock with time can be divided into five stages: cold contraction stage, internal water freezing stage, frost heaving stage, thawing stage, equilibrium stabilization stage and so on.The angle of bolt support will affect the effect of anchor force to a certain extent. The smaller the angle between bolt and crack, the lower the bolt force acting on fracture, so it is appropriate to support bolt vertically in fracture.The use of high performance grouting material composed of inorganic ultrafine particles to grouting fractures can act as a bolt connection to the fractured rock mass of slope and prevent water from infiltrating into the rock mass.) it is suggested to excavate and release the shallow surface fractured rock mass.The drainage holes and water cut ditches are arranged. The surface of the slope outside the excavation area is mostly the part of the fractured rock mass.In addition, the effect of freezing and thawing on the reinforcement effect of anchor rod should be considered, and the monitoring period of displacement should be shortened to prevent the failure of anchor rod.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU45;TU472

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