發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-15 14:28

  本文選題：外墻外保溫 + 凍融循環(huán)��； 參考：《西安工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：眾所周知,建筑外墻是建筑物保溫隔熱的重要構(gòu)件,提高建筑物外墻保溫隔熱能力,能大大延長(zhǎng)建筑物的使用壽命。外墻外保溫技術(shù)作為建筑節(jié)能墻體研究的重要組成部分,在工程上得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。然而,外墻外保溫技術(shù)在使用過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題也越來(lái)越多,尤其是粘結(jié)性差一直是影響外墻保溫系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的首要問(wèn)題。本文主要針對(duì)季節(jié)性凍融引起的外墻外保溫系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)裂、脫落現(xiàn)象,選取擠塑板、聚氨酯、硅質(zhì)聚苯板三種保溫材料以及其對(duì)應(yīng)的粘結(jié)砂漿、錨栓等配套材料,進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)和理論研究,主要完成了以下工作:1)研究?jī)鋈谘瓑拇螖?shù)對(duì)保溫材料幾何尺寸變化率的影響。通過(guò)研究?jī)鋈谘瓑淖饔脤?duì)保溫材料幾何尺寸變化率的影響,為避免外墻面起拱變形,產(chǎn)生裂縫、造成墻面開(kāi)裂等現(xiàn)象提供參考依據(jù)。通過(guò)在凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)后對(duì)擠塑板、聚氨酯、硅質(zhì)聚苯板三種保溫材料幾何尺寸變化進(jìn)行測(cè)試研究,測(cè)得三種材料在不同凍融次數(shù)、不同方向下尺寸變化率的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,得出擠塑板的尺寸變化最為明顯,變化值也最大,尺寸變化整體在1.5%左右,厚度方向個(gè)別達(dá)到了 2%;硅質(zhì)聚苯板尺寸變化最小、最為穩(wěn)定,其尺寸變化不超過(guò)1%。2)研究?jī)鋈谘h(huán)作用下,外墻外保溫系統(tǒng)中保溫板與結(jié)構(gòu)層的粘結(jié)層在軸向受拉情況下的破壞類型及破壞時(shí)應(yīng)力分界點(diǎn),得出擠塑板和硬泡聚氨酯與結(jié)構(gòu)層的破壞面主要是結(jié)構(gòu)層與保溫板之間的粘結(jié)面破壞在,硅質(zhì)聚苯板與外墻基層的的拉伸破壞主要保溫板自身的破壞。通過(guò)抗拉試驗(yàn)分析外墻外保溫系統(tǒng)中擠塑板、聚氨酯、硅質(zhì)聚苯板等保溫材料與結(jié)構(gòu)層之間的抗拉力及抗拉粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度與凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)之間的關(guān)系,得出凍融循環(huán)30次后三種保溫系統(tǒng)的抗拉強(qiáng)度大小關(guān)系為硅質(zhì)聚苯板硬泡聚氨酯擠塑板,其中擠塑板的部分試樣在凍融30次后,與結(jié)構(gòu)層直接脫落,出現(xiàn)拉伸力為0的情況。此外通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析拉伸強(qiáng)度損失率與凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)的定量關(guān)系,推導(dǎo)出拉伸粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度逐步退化的數(shù)學(xué)公式,為提高三種外墻保溫材料在實(shí)際工程的安全性應(yīng)用提供參考。3)研究?jī)鋈谘h(huán)作用下,豎向剪力對(duì)三種外墻保溫材料與結(jié)構(gòu)層粘結(jié)性能的影響。通過(guò)抗剪試驗(yàn)分析擠塑板、聚氨酯、硅質(zhì)聚苯板等保溫材料與結(jié)構(gòu)層之間的剪切粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度與凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)之間的關(guān)系。通過(guò)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,得出凍融循環(huán)30次后三種保溫系統(tǒng)的剪切強(qiáng)度大小為保持硅質(zhì)聚苯板硬泡聚氨酯擠塑板,其中硅質(zhì)聚苯板外墻保溫體系的抗剪強(qiáng)度始終保持在0.06 MPa左右,沒(méi)有隨凍融次數(shù)增加有較大的變化,而其他兩種保溫體系抗剪強(qiáng)度低于0.03 MPa,下降幅度較大。此外通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)并分析剪切強(qiáng)度損失率與凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)的定量關(guān)系,推導(dǎo)出剪切粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度逐步退化的數(shù)學(xué)公式,為提高三種外墻保溫材料在實(shí)際工程的安全性應(yīng)用提供參考。
[Abstract]:As we all know, the building exterior wall is an important component of building insulation and insulation. Improving the ability of building exterior wall insulation can greatly prolong the service life of buildings.As an important part of building energy-saving wall, exterior wall insulation technology has been widely used in engineering.However, there are more and more quality problems in the use of external insulation technology, especially the poor adhesion is always the primary problem affecting the stability of external wall insulation system.Aiming at the cracking and shedding of exterior wall insulation system caused by seasonal freezing and thawing, this paper selects three kinds of insulation materials, such as extruded plastic board, polyurethane, silicon polystyrene board, and corresponding supporting materials such as bonded mortar, anchor bolt, etc.Experiments and theoretical studies have been carried out, and the following work has been done: 1) to study the influence of freeze-thaw failure times on the change rate of geometric dimensions of insulating materials.By studying the effect of freeze-thaw failure on the change rate of geometric dimension of insulating material, the paper provides a reference for avoiding arched deformation, cracks and other phenomena of wall surface.After freeze-thaw cycles, the geometric size changes of three kinds of insulating materials, such as extruded plasticizer, polyurethane and siliceous polystyrene board, were measured, and the results of the three kinds of materials under different freezing and thawing times and in different directions were obtained.The results show that the dimension change of extruded plastic board is the most obvious, the change value is the biggest, the dimension change is about 1.5% as a whole, the thickness direction has reached to 2% individually, the silicon polystyrene board has the smallest change in size, the most stable,Under the action of freeze-thaw cycle, the failure type and stress boundary point of the bonding layer between the thermal insulation board and the structure layer in the external wall insulation system under axial tension are studied.It is concluded that the failure surface of extruded plastic board and hard foam polyurethane and structure layer is mainly the bond surface between structure layer and insulation board, and the tensile damage of silicone polystyrene board and external wall base is main damage of insulation board itself.The relationship between tensile strength, tensile bond strength and freeze-thaw cycle times of extruded plastic board, polyurethane, silicon polystyrene board and structure layer in external insulation system of external wall was analyzed by tensile test.It is concluded that the tensile strength of the three kinds of insulation system after 30 cycles of freeze-thaw cycle is hard foam polyurethane extruded board of siliceous polystyrene board. After 30 times of freeze-thaw, some samples of extrusion board fall off directly from the structure layer, and the tensile force is 0.In addition, the quantitative relationship between the tensile strength loss rate and the number of freeze-thaw cycles is analyzed through the experimental data, and the mathematical formula for the progressive degradation of tensile bond strength is derived.In order to improve the safety application of three kinds of exterior wall insulation materials in practical engineering, reference. 3) to study the effect of vertical shear force on the bond properties of three kinds of external wall insulation materials and structure layer under freeze-thaw cycle.The relationship between shear bond strength and freeze-thaw cycle times of heat preservation materials such as extruded plasticizer, polyurethane, siliceous polystyrene board and structure layer was analyzed by shear test.The results show that the shear strength of the three thermal insulation systems after 30 cycles of freeze-thaw cycle is to keep the silicone polystyrene board rigid foam polyurethane extrusion board, and the shear strength of the external wall insulation system of silicon polystyrene board is kept at about 0.06 MPa, and the shear strength of the insulation system is about 0.06 MPa, and the shear strength of the external wall insulation system is about 0.06 MPa.The shear strength of the other two thermal insulation systems was less than 0.03 MPa and decreased greatly.In addition, based on the experimental data and the quantitative relationship between the shear strength loss rate and the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the mathematical formula of shear bond strength degradation is derived, which provides a reference for improving the safety application of three kinds of exterior wall insulation materials in practical engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU111.41

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