本文關(guān)鍵詞： 海綿城市 小城鎮(zhèn) 雨洪災(zāi)害 安全評(píng)價(jià) 優(yōu)化策略　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前世界各國(guó)城市的雨洪災(zāi)害的發(fā)生頻次增多、波及范圍廣、災(zāi)害損失愈發(fā)嚴(yán)重。隨著現(xiàn)今社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,及人們需求的改變,人們面對(duì)災(zāi)害已經(jīng)不僅僅局限于消極應(yīng)對(duì),如何利用生態(tài)措施及手段對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)的雨洪災(zāi)害進(jìn)行合理的控制、提高城鎮(zhèn)對(duì)雨洪的適應(yīng)性,減輕雨洪災(zāi)害對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)及人的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)造成的巨大損失已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)今的熱點(diǎn)。課題以城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全評(píng)價(jià)為主線(xiàn),以災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析為依據(jù),整合傳統(tǒng)的雨洪災(zāi)害安全規(guī)劃模式,從海綿城市的生態(tài)建設(shè)措施與災(zāi)害學(xué)及城鎮(zhèn)的防災(zāi)減災(zāi)融合的視角探討城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害的安全評(píng)價(jià)及優(yōu)化策略研究。初步構(gòu)建起城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全評(píng)價(jià)體系,運(yùn)用主成分的定量方法進(jìn)行分析,尋找對(duì)小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害影響最大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因子,提出針對(duì)性的策略,為綜合性的解決城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害問(wèn)題、使城市在防災(zāi)減災(zāi)的同時(shí)更能夠保障城鎮(zhèn)的生態(tài)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,并提供一種科學(xué)的理論支撐與方法平臺(tái)。論文首先論述了基于海綿城市理論的城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)研究。包括海綿城市理論、小城鎮(zhèn)的概念界定以及雨洪災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)理論,提出小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全評(píng)價(jià)的構(gòu)成體系,為后續(xù)的研究工作做好基礎(chǔ)理論的鋪墊。論文采用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析、主成分分析等科學(xué)方法,推進(jìn)基于海綿城市的小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全評(píng)價(jià)的深入研究,通過(guò)對(duì)小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害的形成原因的分析基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行小城鎮(zhèn)的雨洪災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析,梳理小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,分析小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害的致災(zāi)因子、承災(zāi)體易損性、孕災(zāi)環(huán)境敏感性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合海綿城市建設(shè)控制指標(biāo),擬定小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,運(yùn)用定量的技術(shù)手段進(jìn)行分析,得出對(duì)小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全評(píng)價(jià)影響最重要的主成分影響因子,針對(duì)分析得出的對(duì)雨洪災(zāi)害影響最大的主成分指標(biāo)所反映的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因子進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,指導(dǎo)小城鎮(zhèn)的安全規(guī)劃,并整合以往的城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全規(guī)劃及海綿城市規(guī)劃的生態(tài)手段,從多方面提出科學(xué)的、綜合的小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全優(yōu)化,最后,通過(guò)運(yùn)用實(shí)際案例對(duì)小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全評(píng)價(jià)體系進(jìn)行分析驗(yàn)證,提出針對(duì)性的城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害安全規(guī)劃優(yōu)化對(duì)策,以此推動(dòng)城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害的安全規(guī)劃,豐富其研究?jī)?nèi)容,降低小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及災(zāi)害帶來(lái)的損失和影響。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy and the change of people's needs, people are facing disasters not only in negative ways, but also in negative ways. How to make use of ecological measures and means to reasonably control the rain flood disaster in cities and towns, and to improve the adaptability of cities and towns to rain floods, It has become a hot spot to reduce the huge loss of life and property caused by rain flood disaster in cities and towns. The main line of the subject is the safety evaluation of urban rain flood disaster and the integration of traditional safety planning mode of rain flood disaster based on disaster risk analysis. From the perspective of ecological construction measures of sponge city and disaster prevention and mitigation in cities and towns, this paper discusses the safety evaluation and optimization strategy of urban rain flood disaster, and preliminarily constructs the safety evaluation system of urban rain flood disaster. By using the quantitative method of principal component to find the risk factors that have the greatest influence on the rain flood disaster in small towns, the paper puts forward some targeted strategies to solve the problem of urban rain flood disaster synthetically. To ensure the ecological sustainable development of cities and towns while preventing and reducing disasters, And provides a scientific theoretical support and method platform. Firstly, the paper discusses the basic research of urban rain flood safety evaluation based on sponge city theory, including sponge city theory, The definition of the concept of small town and the related theory of rain flood disaster risk, the constitution system of rain flood disaster safety evaluation of small town is put forward, which lays the foundation for the following research work. The principal component analysis and other scientific methods are used to promote the deep research on the safety evaluation of rain flood disasters in small towns based on sponge cities. Based on the analysis of the causes of rain and flood disasters in small towns, the risk analysis of rain flood disasters in small towns is carried out. Combing the risk factors of rain flood disasters in small towns, analyzing the disaster factors of rain flood disasters in small towns, the vulnerability of disaster bearing bodies and the sensitivity of disaster preparedness environment. On this basis, combined with the construction control index of sponge cities, the risk factors of rainflood disasters in small towns are analyzed. Draw up the evaluation index system of rain flood disaster safety in small town, use quantitative technical means to carry on the analysis, get the most important principal component influence factor to the small town rain flood disaster safety evaluation, In view of the risk factors reflected by the principal component index, which has the greatest impact on rain and flood disasters, the risk factors are optimized to guide the safety planning of small towns, and to integrate the ecological means of the former urban safety planning of rain and flood disasters and the planning of sponge cities. This paper puts forward the scientific and comprehensive safety optimization of rainwater disaster in small towns from many aspects. Finally, the paper analyzes and verifies the safety evaluation system of rainflood disasters in small towns by using practical cases. In order to promote the safety planning of urban rain-flood disasters, to enrich the research contents, and to reduce the risk of rain-flood disasters and the loss and impact of disasters in small towns, the paper puts forward some countermeasures to optimize the safety planning of urban rain-flood disasters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU992;TU998.4

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