本文關(guān)鍵詞： 北京地區(qū) 鄉(xiāng)村景觀 感知覺 注意力 時(shí)間知覺　出處：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城市化進(jìn)程導(dǎo)致部分鄉(xiāng)村景觀遭到破壞,保持鄉(xiāng)村景觀的本土性成為當(dāng)今時(shí)代的一個(gè)重要課題。"美麗鄉(xiāng)村"與"本土風(fēng)景園林"景觀保護(hù)及再規(guī)劃需要適合鄉(xiāng)村景觀的理論支撐。本文以感知覺分析為切入點(diǎn),在分析現(xiàn)有鄉(xiāng)村分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納出15個(gè)較具有代表性的北京鄉(xiāng)村作為樣本,對鄉(xiāng)村景觀進(jìn)行研究,具體內(nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)方面:1)針對樣本鄉(xiāng)村進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)研,從視覺、聽覺、嗅覺、味覺、皮膚感覺等角度解讀樣本鄉(xiāng)村的景觀特征;2)利用調(diào)研過程中收集的樣本鄉(xiāng)村的三種不同類型景觀照片作為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,對感知覺中注意力展開研究;3)對比研究北京地區(qū)樣本鄉(xiāng)村不同景觀類型及城市景觀對人的時(shí)間知覺的影響規(guī)律。本文所采用的研究方法如下:針對內(nèi)容1)采用實(shí)地調(diào)查法、訪談法、問卷調(diào)查法、歸納分析法;針對內(nèi)容2)和3)采用實(shí)驗(yàn)法,并通過SPSS分析相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。對于內(nèi)容2)將不同類型的鄉(xiāng)村景觀作為自變量,將注意力水平作為因變量,探索不同類型的鄉(xiāng)村景觀對于注意力恢復(fù)效果的影響規(guī)律。在實(shí)驗(yàn)中,將注意力水平具體化為數(shù)字順背倒背、Stroop測驗(yàn)及復(fù)愈性環(huán)境量表的成績等指標(biāo)。對于內(nèi)容3)將不同類型的鄉(xiāng)村景觀及城市景觀作為自變量,將人們對于10秒鐘的主觀判斷時(shí)間作為因變量,通過E-prime軟件驅(qū)動(dòng),推測人們對于不同類型景觀的時(shí)間知覺。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):1)從五感角度對樣本鄉(xiāng)村景觀特征的解讀具體包括:①視覺角度:從色彩、形狀等角度記錄可以代表樣本鄉(xiāng)村的景觀類型;②在聽覺、嗅覺、味覺、皮膚感覺等角度記錄樣本鄉(xiāng)村的特征。2)在注意力的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究中得出:①鄉(xiāng)村中的生產(chǎn)自然可以使人避開使用定向注意,有效的提高注意力水平;②鄉(xiāng)村中的原始自然可以引發(fā)人的自發(fā)注意,使個(gè)體有充分思考的機(jī)會(huì),使定向注意得到更好的恢復(fù);③鄉(xiāng)村中人工成分較多的景觀環(huán)境可以讓人感覺該環(huán)境中的景觀很豐富,有足夠的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu);3)通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對比研究北京地區(qū)樣本鄉(xiāng)村不同景觀類型及城市景觀對人的時(shí)間知覺的影響規(guī)律得出:鄉(xiāng)村中的原始自然對于時(shí)間知覺的影響是最大的,會(huì)使人覺得時(shí)間變慢了。本研究從視、聽、嗅、味及皮膚感覺等多種感官的角度,勾勒出北京地區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村景觀的面貌,有利于為建設(shè)本土化的北京鄉(xiāng)村景觀提供參考;不同類型鄉(xiāng)村景觀對注意力水平影響規(guī)律的揭示,有利于人們更好的利用鄉(xiāng)村景觀恢復(fù)身心健康;不同類型鄉(xiāng)村景觀及城市景觀對于時(shí)間知覺的影響,可以為鄉(xiāng)村慢生活提供理論支撐。
[Abstract]:The process of urbanization results in the destruction of some rural landscape. Maintaining the nativeness of rural landscape has become an important task of the times. "Beautiful country" and "Native Landscape Architecture" Landscape protection and re-planning need theoretical support suitable for rural landscape. This paper takes perception analysis as the starting point. Based on the analysis of the existing rural classification standards, 15 representative villages in Beijing were concluded as samples to study the rural landscape. The specific content includes the following several aspects: 1) to carry on the field investigation to the sample village, from the vision, the hearing, the smell, the taste, the skin feeling and so on angle to interpret the sample village landscape characteristic; 2) using three different types of landscape photos collected in the research process as the experimental materials, the study was carried out on the perceptual attention; 3) A comparative study on the influence of different landscape types and urban landscape on human time perception in Beijing area. The research methods used in this paper are as follows: 1) Field investigation and interview method are used. Questionnaire survey, inductive analysis; For content 2) and 3) the experimental method was used and the relevant data were analyzed by SPSS. For content 2) different types of rural landscape were taken as independent variables and attention level as dependent variable. To explore the effects of different types of rural landscape on the recovery of attention. In the experiment, the attention level is translated into digital back and back. Stroop test and scores of recovery environment scale. For content 3) different types of rural landscape and urban landscape were taken as independent variables. People's subjective judgment time for 10 seconds is taken as dependent variable, driven by E-prime software. The study found that: 1) from the perspective of five senses to the interpretation of the sample rural landscape characteristics, including: 1 visual angle: from the color. Shape and other angle records can represent the landscape type of the sample village; (2) in hearing, smell, taste, skin sensation and other angles to record the characteristics of the sample country. 2) in the experimental study of attention, it is concluded that the production in the village of 1: 1 can make people avoid using directional attention naturally. Effectively improve the level of attention; (2) the primitive nature in the countryside can arouse people's spontaneous attention, give the individual the opportunity to think fully, and make the directed attention be better restored; (3) the landscape environment with more artificial elements in the countryside can make people feel that the landscape in the environment is very rich and has enough content and structure; 3) through the comparative study of the influence of different landscape types and urban landscape on human time perception in Beijing area, it is concluded that the original nature in the countryside has the greatest influence on time perception. This study outlines the rural landscape in Beijing from the perspectives of vision, hearing, sniffing, taste and skin sensation. It is helpful to provide reference for the construction of local rural landscape in Beijing. Different types of rural landscape influence the attention level to reveal the law, which is conducive to the better use of rural landscape to restore physical and mental health; The influence of different types of rural landscape and urban landscape on time perception can provide theoretical support for rural slow life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU982.29

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本文編號：1465009