本文選題：孕婦 + 健康狀況　； 參考：《延邊大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：描述延邊地區(qū)孕婦孕期健康狀況、保健知識、保健行為的現(xiàn)狀；明確社會人口學(xué)特征與孕期保健知識及行為的差異；闡述孕婦的健康狀況、保健知識、保健行為的相關(guān)性并探討孕婦保健行為的影響因素。為提高延邊地區(qū)孕婦保健知識、行為和健康狀況提供理論依據(jù)。 方法：本研究屬于非實驗性研究中的橫斷面研究,采用便利抽樣方法選取2013年7月在延邊婦幼保健院定期檢查的孕婦1028人作為研究對象。共發(fā)放問卷1100份,收集有效問卷1028份,有效率為92.6%。研究工具包括一般狀況調(diào)查表,健康狀況調(diào)查表,保健知識量表,保健行為量表。收集的數(shù)據(jù)編碼核對后錄入SPSS21.0后并進行統(tǒng)計分析處理,利用百分率、均數(shù)、標準差等描述一般人.口學(xué)特征、健康狀況,健康狀況、保健知識、保健行為的現(xiàn)狀；利用T檢驗、One-Way ANOVA分析保健知識和保健行為在人口統(tǒng)計學(xué)上的差異；利用Pearson相關(guān)分析研究對象的保健行為、保健知識與健康狀況的相關(guān)性；運用多元逐步回歸對保健行為的影響因素進行分析。 結(jié)果： (1)延邊地區(qū)孕婦自評健康狀況平均得分為(4.24±0.952),保健知識平均得分為(10.40±2.829),保健行為得分平均為(28.94±6.578)。 (2)保健知識在年齡、職業(yè)、學(xué)歷、月收入、孕周、分娩經(jīng)驗、抑郁及自評健康狀況不同的人群中有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異。年齡在24歲及以下,體力勞動者和無職業(yè)者、文化程度在初中以下、家庭月收入少于2000元,孕12周及以下、初產(chǎn)婦、抑郁情緒大于等于13分以及自評健康狀況一般及較差的研究對象其健康知識得分較低。 (3)保健行為在不同年齡、職業(yè)、學(xué)歷、家庭月收入、抑郁、自評健康狀況的人群中有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異,年齡在25-29歲、高中或中專學(xué)歷水平以上、家庭月收入2000元以上、抑郁情緒小于13分、自評健康好的研究對象其保健行為得分較好。 (4)保健行為與保健知識、自評健康狀況,呈顯著正相關(guān),其中保健行為與保健知識的相關(guān)性最大,抑郁情緒與保健知識、保健行為、自評健康狀況呈顯著負相關(guān),其中抑郁情緒與自評健康的相關(guān)性最大。 (5)受教育年限、自評健康狀況、抑郁、健康教育培訓(xùn)、保健知識共同解釋了保健行為17.4%的變異量。 結(jié)論： (1)研究對象的自評健康狀況得分為(4.24±0.952)分,EPDS≥13的占29.5%,孕婦的自評健康狀況得分處于中上等水平,但整體健康水平還有待改善。 (2)研究對象的保健知識得分為(10.40±2.829),孕婦保健知識得分處于中上等水平。保健行為得分平均為(28.94±6.578),保健知識的掌握率同保健行為的形成率有一定差距,保健行為得分有待提高。 (3)年齡在24歲及以下,體力勞動者和無職業(yè)者、文化程度在初中以下、家庭月收入少于2000元,孕12周及以下、初產(chǎn)婦、抑郁情緒大于等于13分以及自評健康狀況一般及較差的研究對象其健康知識得分較低。年齡在24歲及以下、文化程度在初中以下、家庭月收入少于2000元、抑郁情緒大于等于13分以及自評健康狀況一般及較差的研究對象其保健行為得分較低。 (4)孕婦的保健行為與自評健康狀況、保健知識呈顯著正相關(guān),說明孕婦自評健康狀況越高,保健知識掌握越好,保健行為水平也越高；抑郁同自評健康狀況、保健知識、保健行為顯著負相關(guān),說明孕婦抑郁情緒越大,研究對象的自評健康狀況越差,保健知識及行為水平越低。 (5)受教育年限、自評健康狀況、抑郁、健康教育培訓(xùn)、知識水平是保健行為的影響因素。提示在健康教育中應(yīng)重視受教育年限較低的孕婦,有的放矢進行孕產(chǎn)期保健教育,同時加強孕婦的心理疏導(dǎo),以促進孕婦保健知識和行為,維持孕婦良好的健康狀況。
[Abstract]:Objective : To describe the status of health status , health knowledge and health care behavior of pregnant women in Yanbian region .
To clarify the difference between social demographic characteristics and health knowledge and behavior during pregnancy ;
This paper describes the relationship between health status , health knowledge and health behavior of pregnant women and discusses the influencing factors of pregnant women ' s health behavior .

Methods : The study was a cross - sectional study in the non - experimental study . Using the convenient sampling method , 1028 pregnant women were selected as the subjects . The total effective rate was 92.6 % . The research tools include general condition questionnaire , health questionnaire , health knowledge scale and health behavior scale . The research tools include general condition questionnaire , health questionnaire , health - care knowledge scale and health - care behavior scale .
Using T test , One - Way ANOVA was used to analyze the difference of health knowledge and health behavior in demographics ;
Pearson correlation was used to study the correlation between health behavior , health knowledge and health status of subjects .
The influencing factors of health behavior were analyzed by means of multiple stepwise regression .

Results :

( 1 ) The self - assessment health status of pregnant women in Yanbian area is divided into ( 4.24 鹵 0.952 ) , the average score of health knowledge is ( 10.40 鹵 2.829 ) , and the average health behavior score is ( 28.94 鹵 6.578 ) .

( 2 ) The health knowledge is different in age , occupation , educational background , monthly income , pregnancy week , birth experience , depression and self - rating health status . The age is below 24 years and below , physical and non - professional , the degree of culture is below the junior high school , the monthly income of the family is less than 2000 yuan , the pregnancy is 12 weeks and less , the junior high rate , the depression mood is more than or equal to 13 points and the self - assessment health status generally and the poor research object has lower health knowledge score .

( 3 ) The health - care behavior was statistically different among the people with different ages , occupation , educational background , family month income , depression and self - assessment health status . The age ranged from 25 to 29 years old , high school or secondary college education level or above , family monthly income was more than 2000 yuan , depression emotion was less than 13 points , and self - evaluation healthy research object had better health behavior score .

( 4 ) Health - care behavior and health - care knowledge , self - assessment health status , positive correlation , among which health - care behavior and health - care knowledge have the greatest correlation , depression emotion and health - care knowledge , health - care behavior , self - assessment state of health have a significant negative correlation , among which the correlation between depression emotion and self - assessment health is greatest .

( 5 ) The age of education , self - assessment health status , depression , health education training and health knowledge have explained the variance of 17.4 % of health behavior .

Conclusion :

( 1 ) The self - evaluation health status of the study was divided into ( 4.24 鹵 0.952 ) , EPDS 鈮，

本文編號：2041689