【摘要】：《史記》中運(yùn)用互見(jiàn)法敘事十分廣泛,形式多樣,標(biāo)記明顯,廣為后人傳頌,深刻影響了后世的史學(xué)和文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。本文以互見(jiàn)法為研究對(duì)象,從《史記》中的互見(jiàn)法入手,對(duì)敘事傳統(tǒng)進(jìn)行推源溯流的研究,以期對(duì)中國(guó)古代的敘事傳統(tǒng)進(jìn)行梳理。文章共分為三個(gè)部分。第一部分集中梳理《史記》之前運(yùn)用互見(jiàn)法敘事的經(jīng)驗(yàn),從四個(gè)角度分析《史記》互見(jiàn)法對(duì)前代敘事經(jīng)驗(yàn)的繼承,這是中國(guó)敘事傳統(tǒng)的源頭。一是《周易》“原始察終”及互卦的思維方式;二是《莊子》反復(fù)互見(jiàn)論說(shuō)的篇章安排;三是《左傳》《國(guó)語(yǔ)》《戰(zhàn)國(guó)策》等隱性互見(jiàn)的先聲;四是《呂氏春秋》“解在乎”的互見(jiàn)形式。這些前代著作從敘事的思維方式、敘事的具體篇章安排、用隱性互見(jiàn)法敘事和顯性的互見(jiàn)法標(biāo)記敘事這四個(gè)方面給司馬遷以不少啟發(fā)。在繼承前代敘事經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,司馬遷加以創(chuàng)造,使之適合歷史敘事。第二部分主要分析《史記》中的互見(jiàn)法,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行反思。第一節(jié)從狹義廣義和隱性顯性這兩個(gè)角度對(duì)互見(jiàn)法進(jìn)行界定,明確了互見(jiàn)法的定義;第二節(jié)對(duì)典型的隱性互見(jiàn)法進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的分析,分為一篇之內(nèi)互見(jiàn)和不同篇章之間互見(jiàn)這兩種類(lèi)型,一篇之內(nèi)互見(jiàn)又分為傳贊正反結(jié)合和論贊補(bǔ)傳記之闕兩種類(lèi)型,而不同篇章之間互見(jiàn)又按照兩處敘述內(nèi)容的多少而分為有無(wú)互見(jiàn)、詳略互見(jiàn)和并存互見(jiàn)三種;在細(xì)致分類(lèi)的基礎(chǔ)上,第三節(jié)從史學(xué)、文學(xué)和�？笨紦�(jù)這三個(gè)角度論述了運(yùn)用互見(jiàn)法敘事的具體功用;經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)《史記》中用互見(jiàn)法敘事的詳細(xì)分析,第四節(jié)從體例不夠嚴(yán)密和互見(jiàn)提示用語(yǔ)隨意這兩個(gè)角度對(duì)互見(jiàn)法進(jìn)行了反思。第三部分從兩個(gè)方面探討《史記》互見(jiàn)法的后世影響。第一節(jié)探討對(duì)史學(xué)著作的影響,分為五體互見(jiàn)和篇章之間互見(jiàn)兩種,而篇章之間的互見(jiàn)又可分為顯性互見(jiàn)和隱性互見(jiàn)兩種;第二節(jié)探討互見(jiàn)法敘事對(duì)文學(xué)作品的影響,這一節(jié)將從結(jié)構(gòu)體例,人物塑造和敘事技巧這三個(gè)方面來(lái)論述�？傊�,本文通過(guò)對(duì)《史記》文本中互見(jiàn)法敘事的研究,對(duì)此推源溯流,希望對(duì)中國(guó)的敘事傳統(tǒng)作出一個(gè)較為清晰的梳理,為建構(gòu)中國(guó)敘事傳統(tǒng)作一點(diǎn)嘗試。
[Abstract]:In the Records of History, the narrative method of mutual view is very extensive, diverse in form, marked obviously, and widely praised by posterity, which deeply affects the historiography and literary creation of later generations. This paper takes the method of mutual sight as the research object, starts with the method of mutual sight in the Records of History, and studies the origin of the narrative tradition in order to sort out the narrative tradition of ancient China. The article is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the narrative experience of using the method of mutual view before Historical Records, and analyzes the inheritance of the narrative experience of the previous generation from four angles. This is the source of the Chinese narrative tradition. The first is the way of thinking of "primitive observation and final observation" and the way of thinking about each other, the second is the text arrangement of Zhuangzi's repeated views on each other, the third is the foresight of hidden mutual views, such as Zuo Zhuan (Zuo Zhuan), Zhan Guozhi (Zhan Guozhi), etc. The fourth is the form of mutual understanding of Lu's Spring and Autumn period. These works have enlightened Si Maqian from four aspects: the way of thinking of narration, the arrangement of specific chapters of narration, the narration of recessive mutual view and the marked narration of explicit mutual view. On the basis of inheriting the previous narrative experience, Si Maqian created it to suit the historical narrative. The second part mainly analyzes the method of mutual view in Records of History, and rethinks it. The first section defines the mutual view method from the narrow sense broad sense and the recessive dominance angle, and makes clear the definition of the mutual view law; The second section makes a detailed analysis of the typical implicit mutual view method, which is divided into two types, one is internal mutual sight and the other is between different chapters, the other is divided into two types: positive and negative combination of praise and negative, and on the que of praise and complement biographies. According to the number of the two narrative contents, the different chapters are divided into three types: mutual view or not, detailed mutual view and co-existence and mutual view; On the basis of detailed classification, the third section discusses the specific functions of narrative with the method of mutual view from the perspectives of historiography, literature and collation. Through a detailed analysis of the narrative with the method of mutual sight in the Records of History, the fourth section reflects on the method of mutual sight from two angles: the style is not tight enough and the language is random. The third part discusses the influence of mutual view from two aspects. The first section discusses the influence on historiography works, which can be divided into five types of mutual sight and one between chapters, and the other can be divided into two types: explicit mutual sight and recessive mutual sight. The second section discusses the influence of interviewing narration on literary works. This section will be discussed from three aspects: structural style, character shaping and narrative skills. In a word, through the study of the narrative of mutual sight in the text of Records of History, this paper goes back to the source and hopes to make a clear sorting out of the narrative tradition of China, and make some attempt to construct the narrative tradition of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：I207.5

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本文編號(hào)：2434313