本文選題：人物詩傳　切入點：互文性　出處：《文學評論》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：明代人物詩傳提供了新的文學質素,并且拓展了詩歌敘事的功能與題材。從質素來看,它是詩體的人物傳記,而非傳統(tǒng)常規(guī)的人物題詠;從題材來看,它是專為某個人立傳,而非因人紀事或以事寫人。它有詩歌的基本特性,抒情言志并含蓄凝練;又有傳記的主要特性,敘事寫實而詳略得體。這樣就會產(chǎn)生互文性意涵,亦即通常所說的話語間性。其話語間性的產(chǎn)生,有兩重理據(jù)與來源:(一)從文本內的互文性來看,它既有傳記的敘事特性,又具備詩歌的抒情特性,故為一種混合交融性狀。(二)從文類間的互文性來看,人物詩傳所含話語間性,須緣于詩歌與傳記之歷史遇合,而非出自二體簡單機械地疊加。恰好從明代中期開始,出現(xiàn)了兩種文學現(xiàn)象:一是人物題詠的熱潮空前高漲,將人物生平事跡訴諸詩意表達。二是人物傳記的編寫空前冗濫,導致傳記文類的敘事特質流失。隨著傳記敘事敝敗之極,就自然會接引詩體敘事的救濟;而詩歌敘事功能的增強,也恰能補給傳記敘事性之缺失。這樣詩歌與傳記就歷史性地遇合了,使分化已久的抒情、敘事傳統(tǒng)交匯,從而生產(chǎn)出一個特殊的文學品種,展示了近世中國文學的返祖現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:The poetry biography of characters in the Ming Dynasty provided a new literary quality and expanded the function and theme of poetic narration. From the quality point of view, it was a biography of the poetic style, rather than a traditional theme of characters, and from the perspective of the subject matter, it was dedicated to the biography of a certain person. It has the basic characteristics of poetry, expressing its feelings and its implicature; it also has the main characteristics of biographies, the narration is realistic and appropriate, and it produces intertextuality. In other words, intertextuality, which is usually called intertextuality, has two justifications and sources: (1) from the perspective of intertextuality in the text, it has both the narrative characteristics of biographies and the lyrical characteristics of poetry. Therefore, it is a mixed blending trait. (2) from the perspective of intertextuality between literary categories, the intertextuality of poetry biography of characters must be due to the historical coincidence of poetry and biography, not from the simple and mechanical superposition of two types. There are two kinds of literary phenomena: one is the unprecedented upsurge of the theme of the characters, and the other is the poetic expression of the characters' life stories, the second is the unprecedented redundancy in the preparation of the biographies, which leads to the loss of the narrative characteristics of the biographies. With the decline of the narrative of the biographies, On the other hand, the relief of poetic narrative will be accepted naturally, and the enhancement of narrative function of poetry can also supply the lack of narrative nature of biography. Thus, poetry and biographies will meet in a historic way, making the long-divided lyric and narrative tradition intertwine. Thus a special literary variety was produced, showing the atavistic phenomenon of modern Chinese literature.
【作者單位】： 上海大學文學院;
【基金】：2015年度國家社會科學基金重大項目“中國詩歌敘事傳統(tǒng)研究”(項目編號15ZDB067) 2013年度國家社會科學基金重點資助項目(編號13AZD046)“明代作家專題研究”階段性成果
【分類號】：I207.22

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