【摘要】：現(xiàn)代社會各國政治、經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系日益密切,外商投資在我國已經(jīng)成為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不容忽視的重要組成部分。我國在對待外商投資準入方面一直以來都是使用的行政審批正面清單制度。隨著我國綜合國力的不斷提升,其國際影響力越來越大,因此我國需要在國際貿(mào)易投資平臺上找到自身的位置。為了與國際規(guī)則接軌,實施行政審批負面清單制度顯然勢在必行。2013年上海自貿(mào)區(qū)首次推出行政審批負面清單制度以來,在行政審批負面清單內(nèi)容中明確將禁止和限制的行業(yè)類別以清單的形式公開標注。它能夠讓投資者對市場準入標準有一個清晰的認識,進而能夠使企業(yè)依法準入市場。這樣不僅節(jié)省了審批的時間也為外資準入提供了一個良好的平臺。行政審批負面清單制度實施的幾年來,國家取得了一定成效,政府職能得到了切實轉(zhuǎn)變�？梢娦姓䦟徟撁媲鍐沃贫鹊膶嵤┎还苁窃诮�(jīng)濟上還是在行政審批制度改革上都具有積極作用。由傳統(tǒng)的審批制到現(xiàn)在的備案制、注重事前審批到轉(zhuǎn)為事中事后監(jiān)管的制度創(chuàng)新,上海自貿(mào)區(qū)負面清單制度發(fā)展取得的巨大成效讓我們看到了提高政府行政效率的有效途徑,也給我們的生活帶來了巨大的改變。政府將首個自貿(mào)區(qū)建立在上海并非是偶然的,這是由上海本身所具有的良好基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和外貿(mào)條件所決定的。在此基礎(chǔ)上,政府又出臺了與負面清單制度相適應(yīng)的相關(guān)政策以輔助其發(fā)展,從而進一步縮減行政審批程序,提高工作效率,實現(xiàn)政府職能真正意義上的轉(zhuǎn)變。當然,上海自貿(mào)區(qū)作為首個嘗試負面清單制度的自貿(mào)區(qū),在其發(fā)展的過程中也避免不了會遇到問題和挑戰(zhàn)。本文首先是對行政審批和負面清單的概念進行全面梳理,總結(jié)自貿(mào)區(qū)實施負面清單制度以來的成果與經(jīng)驗,以服務(wù)型政府理念和整體性政府理論對深化上海自貿(mào)區(qū)負面清單制度存在的現(xiàn)實問題進行論述,進而提出操作性較強的有效對策。
[Abstract]:Foreign investment has become an important part of economic development in China. The positive list system of administrative examination and approval has always been used in the treatment of foreign investment access in our country. With the continuous improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, its international influence is increasing, so China needs to find its own position on the platform of international trade and investment. In order to be in line with international rules, it is obviously imperative to implement the system of negative lists of administrative examination and approval. Since 2013, when the Shanghai Free Trade Zone first launched the system of negative lists of administrative examination and approval, The prohibited and restricted industry categories are clearly marked in the form of lists in the negative list of administrative approval. It can give investors a clear understanding of market access standards, and then enable enterprises to enter the market according to law. This not only saves the time of examination and approval, but also provides a good platform for foreign investment access. In the years since the implementation of the negative list system of administrative examination and approval, the government has made some achievements and government functions have been changed. It can be seen that the implementation of the negative list system of administrative examination and approval plays a positive role both economically and in the reform of the administrative examination and approval system. From the traditional examination and approval system to the present record system, we have paid attention to the institutional innovation from prior examination and approval to post-event supervision. The tremendous results achieved in the development of the negative list system of the Shanghai Free Trade Zone have enabled us to see an effective way to improve the administrative efficiency of the government. It has also brought about great changes in our lives. It is no accident that the government established the first free trade zone in Shanghai, which is determined by its own good infrastructure and foreign trade conditions. On this basis, the government has issued relevant policies adapted to the negative list system to assist its development, so as to further reduce the administrative examination and approval procedures, improve work efficiency, and realize the real transformation of government functions. Of course, as the first free trade zone to try the negative list system, the Shanghai Free Trade Zone can not avoid the problems and challenges in its development. The first part of this paper is to comb the concepts of administrative examination and approval and negative list, and summarize the achievements and experiences since the implementation of the negative list system in the Free Trade area. Based on the concept of service-oriented government and the theory of holistic government, this paper discusses the practical problems existing in deepening the negative list system of Shanghai Free Trade area, and then puts forward some effective countermeasures with strong maneuverability.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D630

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