【摘要】：反對水電等公共服務(wù)私有化的文獻大量涌現(xiàn),卻少有述及"市政社會主義"的實踐,這是異常的。"市政社會主義"是19世紀末到20世紀40年代出現(xiàn)的一系列相似的歷史運動,它們利用當?shù)卣畞硖魬?zhàn)私人的服務(wù)提供并且推進"社會主義"進程。盡管市政社會主義最初只是一個歐美現(xiàn)象,然較之當時,當前它已在不同地區(qū)出現(xiàn),獲得了廣泛支持并且改善了許多公共服務(wù)。結(jié)果是喜憂參半的,因為市政社會主義的一些實踐并未超越(前)凱恩斯主義,面對不合理的私有服務(wù)部門,試圖重振資本積累。但是,市政社會主義實踐的啟示是重要的,因為這些實踐率先在理智上和政治上對私有化、以及我們現(xiàn)在稱之為"新自由主義"的原型進行持續(xù)性的抵抗,論證了公共部門提供有效服務(wù)的可能性。本文回顧了這些實踐,聚焦于英國的經(jīng)驗,以及為在發(fā)展中國家的城市尋求私有化替代方案的努力提供一些啟示,在這些國家中,地方性的、社會主義導(dǎo)向的改革已經(jīng)相對強大。
[Abstract]:The literature against privatisation of public services such as hydropower has sprung up, but the practice of "municipal socialism" is rare, which is unusual. " Municipal Socialism "is a series of similar historical movements that emerged from the late 19th century to the 1940s, using local governments to challenge private service delivery and promote the" socialist "process. Although initially a European and American phenomenon, municipal socialism has now emerged in different regions, garnered widespread support and improved many public services. The results are mixed, as some of the practices of municipal socialism do not go beyond Keynesianism and try to revive capital accumulation in the face of irrational private services. But the revelation of municipal socialist practices is important, because they are the first to take the lead, intellectually and politically, against privatization, and what we now call the "neoliberal" archetypal. The possibility of providing effective services in the public sector is demonstrated. This article reviews these practices, focusing on the experience of the United Kingdom, as well as providing some insights into efforts to find alternatives to privatization in cities in developing countries, where local, Socialist-oriented reforms are already relatively strong.
【作者單位】： 加拿大女王大學全球發(fā)展研究部;浙江師范大學馬克思主義學院;
【基金】：浙江省社科規(guī)劃項目“馬克思主義在非洲的傳播與發(fā)展”[項目編號:15NDJC230YB] 浙江省2011協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心“非洲研究與中非合作協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心”資助項目[項目編號:4FZZX06Z]的階段性成果
【分類號】：D035
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本文編號：2222238