本文選題：耕地保護(hù) + 目標(biāo)考核�。� 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)行耕地保護(hù)目標(biāo)責(zé)任考核機(jī)制的研究,對(duì)其中的三個(gè)責(zé)任主體即政府、農(nóng)村集體和農(nóng)戶所承擔(dān)的耕地保護(hù)責(zé)任屬性進(jìn)行了剖析,經(jīng)對(duì)已實(shí)施10年的該考核制度的運(yùn)行機(jī)理、成效和缺陷的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)該考核制度在取得遏制耕地大量減少的勢(shì)頭同時(shí),也暴露出考核耕地保護(hù)的責(zé)任不全面,反映耕地保護(hù)的成效易失真的主要問(wèn)題。對(duì)此,文中用委托代理理論分析了這種導(dǎo)致中央政府與地方政府在目標(biāo)和利益上不一致性的原因,并依據(jù)“多中心”治理等理論原則,提出了引入外部評(píng)價(jià)參與耕地保護(hù)目標(biāo)責(zé)任考核的觀點(diǎn),并對(duì)其必要性、可行性進(jìn)行了論證,對(duì)其實(shí)施路徑進(jìn)行了研究,提出了一系列具體措施。主要有建立獨(dú)立于政府的外部評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)構(gòu);按權(quán)責(zé)一致原則開(kāi)辟評(píng)價(jià)經(jīng)費(fèi)來(lái)源;規(guī)范外部評(píng)價(jià)的依據(jù)與原則;統(tǒng)一外部評(píng)價(jià)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與體系;探索外部評(píng)價(jià)的具體方法及如何運(yùn)用外部評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果的設(shè)想等內(nèi)容。論文還用比較法,從反映提升耕地保護(hù)成效的真實(shí)性與準(zhǔn)確程度、耕地持續(xù)保持狀態(tài)和效率三個(gè)方面,對(duì)外部評(píng)價(jià)和內(nèi)部評(píng)價(jià)這兩種方法進(jìn)行了優(yōu)劣比較。得出結(jié)論:引入外部評(píng)價(jià)在檢驗(yàn)耕地保護(hù)成效和之后工作的導(dǎo)向上,均優(yōu)于政府“內(nèi)部人”自查的內(nèi)部評(píng)價(jià)。將社會(huì)力量評(píng)價(jià)引入政府的耕地保護(hù)目標(biāo)責(zé)任考核中是本文的一個(gè)創(chuàng)新。外部評(píng)價(jià)作為一種新的政績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)方式,其實(shí)施肯定也存在一定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。作者預(yù)估阻力主要來(lái)自地方政府的路徑依賴,由此針對(duì)性地提出應(yīng)通過(guò)試點(diǎn)、制定政府規(guī)章、立法等方式逐步推行的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制思路。最后對(duì)外部評(píng)價(jià)法應(yīng)用前景作出展望。
[Abstract]:Based on the study of the assessment mechanism of the objective responsibility of cultivated land protection, this paper analyzes the attributes of the responsibility for cultivated land protection undertaken by the government, the rural collectives and the peasant households, among which the three responsible subjects are the government, the rural collectives and the farmers. Based on the analysis of the operating mechanism, results and defects of the assessment system, which has been implemented for 10 years, it is found that the assessment system has achieved the momentum of curbing the large reduction of cultivated land, and at the same time, it has also exposed that the responsibility for assessing the protection of cultivated land is not comprehensive. The main problem that reflects the effect of cultivated land protection is easy to be distorted. In this paper, we use the principal-agent theory to analyze the causes of the inconsistency between the central government and the local government in terms of objectives and interests, and based on the theory of "multi-center" governance. This paper puts forward the idea of introducing external evaluation into the assessment of the objective responsibility of cultivated land protection, demonstrates its necessity and feasibility, studies its implementation path, and puts forward a series of concrete measures. It mainly includes establishing an external evaluation organization independent of the government; opening up the evaluation funds according to the principle of consistent power and responsibility; standardizing the basis and principle of external evaluation; unifying the standard and system of external evaluation; To explore the specific methods of external evaluation and how to use the assumption of external evaluation results and so on. The paper also compares the external evaluation and internal evaluation from three aspects: the authenticity and accuracy of improving the effectiveness of cultivated land protection, the status and efficiency of cultivated land sustainable maintenance, and the comparison between external evaluation and internal evaluation. It is concluded that the introduction of external evaluation is superior to the internal evaluation of the government's "insiders" in examining the effectiveness of cultivated land protection and the orientation of later work. It is an innovation of this paper to introduce social force evaluation into the assessment of the government's objective responsibility for cultivated land protection. External evaluation as a new way of performance evaluation, its implementation must also have certain risks. The author estimates that the resistance mainly comes from the path dependence of the local government, and thus puts forward the idea of risk control which should be carried out step by means of pilot, government regulations and legislation. Finally, the application prospect of external evaluation method is prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F301.21;D630

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