【摘要】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展銀行是直屬?lài)?guó)務(wù)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的我國(guó)唯一一家農(nóng)業(yè)政策性銀行，1994年11月掛牌成立。主要職責(zé)是以國(guó)家信用為基礎(chǔ)，籌集資金，承擔(dān)國(guó)家規(guī)定的農(nóng)業(yè)政策性金融業(yè)務(wù)，為農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展服務(wù)。作為二級(jí)分行，中國(guó)農(nóng)發(fā)行白山分行（以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)白山分行）充分發(fā)揮信貸支農(nóng)作用，為本地農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展、糧食安全做出了較大貢獻(xiàn)。但企業(yè)目前面臨一系列問(wèn)題，業(yè)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)方面，主要由政策性業(yè)務(wù)與商業(yè)性業(yè)務(wù)兩部分構(gòu)成，，且政策性業(yè)務(wù)比重較大；發(fā)展?fàn)顩r方面，因地處銷(xiāo)區(qū)，糧食產(chǎn)量較低，政策性業(yè)務(wù)的拓展能力有限。同時(shí)，因地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展較為滯后，加上長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)重視政策性業(yè)務(wù)的慣性思維，使得商業(yè)性業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展相對(duì)緩慢，信貸規(guī)模較��；盈利方面，主要依靠各類(lèi)貸款收息以及政府財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼。但隨著企業(yè)政策性業(yè)務(wù)拓展空間有限，財(cái)政貼息到位數(shù)額的逐年遞減，企業(yè)的盈利空間逐年縮水。 導(dǎo)致上述問(wèn)題的主要原因包括四個(gè)方面。在組織人員方面，工作專(zhuān)業(yè)化程度低、控制跨度不合理、組織趨于集權(quán)式、人員結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、素質(zhì)參差不齊；在管理制度方面，治理結(jié)構(gòu)與績(jī)效監(jiān)督體系不健全、制度體系缺乏系統(tǒng)建設(shè)；在貸款營(yíng)銷(xiāo)方面，營(yíng)銷(xiāo)理念落后、營(yíng)銷(xiāo)體系建設(shè)相對(duì)基礎(chǔ)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范機(jī)制缺失；在貸款利率定價(jià)方面，未建立符合市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)狀與自身實(shí)際的科學(xué)定價(jià)手段。 針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題，本文給出的具體對(duì)策是：白山分行應(yīng)把握穩(wěn)定的外部環(huán)境，有效利用自身的內(nèi)部?jī)?yōu)勢(shì)，按照設(shè)計(jì)的階段戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)，依托有力的實(shí)施保障措施，積極有序推行增長(zhǎng)型的商業(yè)化戰(zhàn)略，即傳統(tǒng)糧食政策性業(yè)務(wù)與涉農(nóng)商業(yè)性業(yè)務(wù)同時(shí)開(kāi)展，并以商業(yè)性業(yè)務(wù)為主導(dǎo)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。這其中包含三點(diǎn)重要內(nèi)涵：首先，要握緊政策性業(yè)務(wù)，大力發(fā)展商業(yè)性業(yè)務(wù)；其次，要在政策的積極扶持下，利用現(xiàn)有資源推動(dòng)商業(yè)化發(fā)展；最后，在優(yōu)勢(shì)業(yè)務(wù)上努力走在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手前面，占領(lǐng)相關(guān)市場(chǎng)較大的份額，從而扭轉(zhuǎn)白山分行現(xiàn)行發(fā)展的低迷態(tài)勢(shì)，解決目前企業(yè)面臨的各類(lèi)問(wèn)題，實(shí)現(xiàn)高速、平穩(wěn)發(fā)展，并爭(zhēng)取構(gòu)建成為當(dāng)?shù)匾涣鞯默F(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)政策性銀行。
[Abstract]:The Agricultural Development Bank of China is the only agricultural policy bank under the direct leadership of the State Council. The main responsibility is to raise funds on the basis of state credit, to undertake the agricultural policy-oriented financial business prescribed by the state, and to serve the development of agriculture and rural economy. As a secondary branch, the Baishan Branch of Agricultural Development Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as Baishan Branch) has made great contributions to the development of local agriculture and food security by giving full play to the role of credit in supporting agriculture. However, enterprises are facing a series of problems at present. In terms of business structure, they are mainly composed of two parts: policy business and commercial business, and the proportion of policy business is large. In terms of development, because of their location in the marketing area, the grain output is relatively low. The expansion ability of policy business is limited. At the same time, because the regional economic development is lagging behind, and because of the inertia thinking of attaching importance to policy business for a long time, the development of commercial business is relatively slow, and the scale of credit is relatively small; in terms of profit, Mainly rely on various types of loans interest and government subsidies. However, with the limited space of policy business expansion and the decreasing amount of financial discount interest, the profit space of enterprises shrinks year by year. The main causes of these problems include four aspects. In terms of organizational personnel, the degree of work specialization is low, the control span is unreasonable, the organization tends to centralize power, the personnel structure is unreasonable, the quality is not uniform, and in the management system, the governance structure and the performance supervision system are not perfect. The system lacks the systematic construction; in the aspect of loan marketing, the marketing idea is backward, the relative foundation of the marketing system construction, the risk prevention mechanism is missing; in the aspect of the loan interest rate pricing, Did not establish the scientific pricing method that accords with the market present situation and oneself actual. In view of the above problems, the specific countermeasures given in this paper are as follows: Baishan Branch should grasp the stable external environment, effectively utilize its internal advantages, and rely on the effective implementation of safeguard measures according to the strategic objectives of the stage of the design. The commercial strategy of growth type is carried out actively and orderly, that is, the traditional grain policy business and the agricultural commercial business develop simultaneously, and take the commercial business as the leading development strategy. This includes three important connotations: first, to grasp the policy business and vigorously develop commercial business; second, to use existing resources to promote commercial development with the active support of policies; and finally, In the advantage business, we should try our best to go ahead of our competitors and occupy a larger share of the relevant markets, thus reversing the current low trend of Baishan Branch's current development, solving all kinds of problems faced by enterprises at present, and achieving high speed and steady development. And strive to become a first-class local modern agricultural policy banks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.33

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