【摘要】：云計(jì)算技術(shù)來自于傳統(tǒng)的IT技術(shù),是對傳統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源服務(wù)模式的變革,建立在網(wǎng)格計(jì)算、并行計(jì)算、虛擬化等IT技術(shù)之上。在千變?nèi)f化的云服務(wù)中,云資源提供商以虛擬機(jī)的形式向用戶提供資源,極大地提高了服務(wù)質(zhì)量和效率。傳統(tǒng)的云資源分配和定價的研究主要基于離線設(shè)置,對用戶的請求做出假設(shè),不能滿足云市場下的動態(tài)分配,也不能很好地保障服務(wù)質(zhì)量,云資源提供商的利益也會受到損害。針對云計(jì)算環(huán)境的動態(tài)性,以及資源的異構(gòu)性等特點(diǎn),如果能設(shè)計(jì)出合理高效的云資源分配和定價機(jī)制,對云資源提供商的利益以及服務(wù)質(zhì)量的提升無疑都是十分有利的。本論文利用機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)理論對虛擬機(jī)資源的分配和定價問題進(jìn)行了如下探索研究:1、通過對機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)理論、整數(shù)規(guī)劃法以及VCG拍賣機(jī)制理論的研究,提出了一種最優(yōu)的離線虛擬機(jī)分配和定價機(jī)制(VCG-VMAP),算法實(shí)現(xiàn)了其支付規(guī)則和分配規(guī)則,并理論證明得出該機(jī)制的個人理性和激勵兼容性。但當(dāng)處理數(shù)據(jù)增大時該機(jī)制不能較好地處理,并且不能很好地適應(yīng)云計(jì)算環(huán)境的動態(tài)性。2、結(jié)合在線機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)理論,提出了一種在線虛擬機(jī)的分配和定價的問題模型,設(shè)計(jì)出基于在線機(jī)制的虛擬機(jī)分配和定價機(jī)制(O-VMAP),并用算法實(shí)現(xiàn)其分配規(guī)則和支付規(guī)則,從在線機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)理論的角度證明了該機(jī)制的激勵兼容性和個人理性。該機(jī)制能有效地處理大規(guī)模數(shù)據(jù),同時能很好地適應(yīng)動態(tài)的云計(jì)算環(huán)境。3、通過具體實(shí)例,呈現(xiàn)了在線機(jī)制O-VMAP進(jìn)行云資源分配和定價的具體過程,重點(diǎn)分析了該機(jī)制的分配規(guī)則和支付規(guī)則,進(jìn)而完成資源的分配和定價,并對該機(jī)制的激勵兼容性進(jìn)行了分析。4、在云計(jì)算仿真平臺CloudSim上通過設(shè)定基本類屬性參數(shù)和擴(kuò)展其基本功能進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),對本文提出的離線機(jī)制VCG-VMAP和在線機(jī)制O-VMAP的算法進(jìn)行編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。從五個評價指標(biāo):社會收益、執(zhí)行時間、服務(wù)用戶數(shù)、云資源提供商獲得的利益、資源利用率對兩種機(jī)制的特性進(jìn)行仿真對比分析,仿真結(jié)果表明在線機(jī)制在動態(tài)的云計(jì)算環(huán)境中的有效性和適應(yīng)性,并且能獲得很好的社會收益。
[Abstract]:Cloud computing technology comes from the traditional IT technology. It is a transformation of the traditional network resource service mode. It is based on grid computing, parallel computing, virtualization and other IT technologies. In the ever-changing cloud services, cloud resource providers provide resources to users in the form of virtual machines, which greatly improve the quality of service and efficiency. The traditional research of cloud resource allocation and pricing is mainly based on offline setting, which makes assumptions about users' requests, which can not satisfy the dynamic allocation in cloud market, and can not guarantee the quality of service well, and the interests of cloud resource providers will also be damaged. In view of the dynamic nature of cloud computing environment and the heterogeneity of resources, if a reasonable and efficient cloud resource allocation and pricing mechanism can be designed, it is undoubtedly very beneficial to the benefit of cloud resource providers and the improvement of service quality. In this paper, the allocation and pricing of virtual machine resources are studied by mechanism design theory as follows: 1. Through the research of mechanism design theory, integer programming method and VCG auction mechanism theory. An optimal off-line virtual machine allocation and pricing mechanism (VCG-VMAP) is proposed in this paper. The algorithm implements its payment rules and allocation rules, and theoretically proves the mechanism's individual rationality and incentive compatibility. However, when the data is increased, the mechanism can not be handled well and can not adapt to the dynamic nature of cloud computing environment. 2. Combined with the theory of online mechanism design, a problem model of allocation and pricing of online virtual machines is proposed. A virtual machine allocation and pricing mechanism (O-VMAP) based on online mechanism is designed, and its allocation rules and payment rules are implemented by the algorithm. The incentive compatibility and individual rationality of the mechanism are proved from the point of view of online mechanism design theory. This mechanism can deal with large scale data effectively, at the same time, it can adapt to the dynamic cloud computing environment. 3. Through concrete examples, it presents the concrete process of online mechanism O-VMAP for cloud resource allocation and pricing. The allocation rules and payment rules of the mechanism are emphatically analyzed, and the allocation and pricing of resources are accomplished, and the incentive compatibility of the mechanism is analyzed. The algorithms of offline mechanism VCG-VMAP and online mechanism O-VMAP are programmed on the cloud computing simulation platform CloudSim by setting the basic class attribute parameters and extending its basic functions. From five evaluation indicators: social income, execution time, number of service users, the benefits of cloud resource providers, resource utilization, the characteristics of the two mechanisms are compared and analyzed. Simulation results show that the online mechanism is effective and adaptive in the dynamic cloud computing environment, and can achieve good social benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP393.09

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