本文選題：中國(guó)IT企業(yè) + 國(guó)際化�。� 參考：《北京郵電大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化迅速發(fā)展,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)正在發(fā)生一個(gè)根本性的變化�！皣�(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)國(guó)內(nèi)化、國(guó)內(nèi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)國(guó)際化”已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)企業(yè)發(fā)展的大趨勢(shì),尤其是IT領(lǐng)域。我們可喜地看到,很多國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)在市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的推動(dòng)下,依據(jù)自身發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了國(guó)際化道路,并取得了不俗的成績(jī)。同時(shí)我們也應(yīng)該清醒的認(rèn)識(shí)到,中國(guó)企業(yè)國(guó)際化才剛剛起步,已經(jīng)遇到了很多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和問(wèn)題,比如虧損嚴(yán)重、文化與制度差異、貿(mào)易壁壘等,這些都說(shuō)明,中國(guó)企業(yè)國(guó)際化并不會(huì)一帆風(fēng)順,道路崎嶇坎坷是必然的。在國(guó)際化的進(jìn)程中,中國(guó)IT企業(yè)走在了最前列,其中有成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),更有失敗的教訓(xùn),這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)急需要總結(jié)提煉,為后續(xù)更多的中國(guó)企業(yè)參與全球化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)帶來(lái)參考和啟迪,因此,如何測(cè)度中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化是否成功是目前面臨的一個(gè)新的課題。本文采取的是定性與定量相結(jié)合的研究方法,而定量研究是主體。定性研究主要目的是找出適合中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化測(cè)度的關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)體系,這里的研究分為:文獻(xiàn)追蹤(第二章和第四章)、個(gè)人實(shí)踐(第六章)、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查(第五章)、案例研究(第六章)等,用于找出主要測(cè)度因素集。定量研究主要目的是確定中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化的因素并建立模型,這里的研究分為:案例測(cè)度分析(第五章)、主要測(cè)度變量的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析(第五章)、通過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)回歸和檢驗(yàn)得到最終的因素、建立新的8因素蛛網(wǎng)模型(第五章)、選擇六個(gè)典型IT企業(yè)進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析(第六章),以此來(lái)驗(yàn)證模型的有效性,并發(fā)現(xiàn)了不同的國(guó)際化路線,從而提出相關(guān)策略與建議。本文包含八個(gè)章節(jié)。第一章是導(dǎo)論部分,首先介紹了本文研究?jī)?nèi)容的宏觀背景,介紹了中國(guó)企業(yè)國(guó)際化的基本狀況,引出本文研究的問(wèn)題以及研究?jī)?nèi)容的意義所在,向讀者展示了研究思路和內(nèi)容框架結(jié)構(gòu),然后介紹了本文的主要研究方法及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。第二章概述部分,介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外各學(xué)者在企業(yè)國(guó)際化方面的研究成果。首先,介紹了國(guó)際上發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家學(xué)者關(guān)于企業(yè)國(guó)際化相關(guān)理論的研究成果,比如國(guó)際貿(mào)易的理論、國(guó)際產(chǎn)品生命周期理論等。其次,對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家學(xué)者在相關(guān)企業(yè)國(guó)際化理論方面的研究成果,對(duì)階段性發(fā)展理論等進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹與綜述。最后,歸納總結(jié)了國(guó)內(nèi)外研究結(jié)果,評(píng)述了國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀并做了比較,為本文后續(xù)的研究做好鋪墊。第三章對(duì)全球企業(yè)國(guó)際化的發(fā)展歷程進(jìn)行了深入的研究。首先以三次科技革命為主線,對(duì)西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的企業(yè)國(guó)際化發(fā)展歷程進(jìn)行了探索與研究,對(duì)三次科技革命對(duì)企業(yè)國(guó)際化發(fā)展的影響狀況進(jìn)行了總結(jié)和評(píng)述。隨后對(duì)中國(guó)企業(yè)的國(guó)際化歷程進(jìn)行了介紹,通過(guò)起步階段、強(qiáng)化階段以及高速發(fā)展階段三個(gè)時(shí)期,展現(xiàn)了改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)中國(guó)企業(yè)國(guó)際化發(fā)展的基本路徑。第四章對(duì)現(xiàn)階段國(guó)際上主要的企業(yè)國(guó)際化測(cè)量方法進(jìn)行了介紹,同時(shí)對(duì)企業(yè)國(guó)際化測(cè)度方法的發(fā)展也進(jìn)行了回顧,尤其是對(duì)n因素的蜘蛛網(wǎng)模型的闡述尤為詳細(xì),為后文中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化程度的測(cè)度奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。第五章對(duì)中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化影響因素進(jìn)行了深入的實(shí)證分析。首先從宏觀層面上分析了整體上中國(guó)企業(yè)國(guó)際化的影響因素,隨后從微觀層面上分析了中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化的影響要素。最終研究結(jié)果顯示:來(lái)自內(nèi)外部的8個(gè)因素對(duì)企業(yè)國(guó)際化產(chǎn)生了重要影響,無(wú)論是企業(yè)自身還是國(guó)家政府,在制定企業(yè)國(guó)際化經(jīng)營(yíng)的方針策略時(shí),要綜合考慮,全面評(píng)價(jià)這些因素的作用,使得制定的方針政策更加有效,建立并優(yōu)化了新8因素的蛛網(wǎng)模型。第六章是案例分析部分,挑選了中國(guó)六家IT企業(yè)作為案例對(duì)其國(guó)際化發(fā)展?fàn)顩r進(jìn)行了分析,并且在第四章和第五章內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)各案例的國(guó)際化水平進(jìn)行了測(cè)度,通過(guò)新n因素蛛網(wǎng)模型的計(jì)算,發(fā)現(xiàn)不同企業(yè)有著不同的國(guó)際化發(fā)展歷程,有著差異化很大的國(guó)際化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,進(jìn)而國(guó)際化發(fā)展的結(jié)果也就差距很大。第七章是政策建議部分,根據(jù)上文研究?jī)?nèi)容將中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化歷程中體現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行歸納與總結(jié),有條理的指出中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化過(guò)程面臨的一些問(wèn)題和不足,并從政府層面和企業(yè)層面給予了解決問(wèn)題、推動(dòng)企業(yè)國(guó)際化快速發(fā)展的政策建議和觀點(diǎn),為中國(guó)企業(yè)未來(lái)的國(guó)際化之路出謀劃策。本文的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造性工作:(1)根據(jù)親身經(jīng)歷企業(yè)在海外的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理、銷售服務(wù)、人力資源管理等方面實(shí)戰(zhàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),從理論高度,選擇了中國(guó)企業(yè)國(guó)際化程度最高的幾個(gè)IT企業(yè)進(jìn)行深度解剖,形成中國(guó)企業(yè)國(guó)際化要素調(diào)查問(wèn)卷,并進(jìn)行了調(diào)查分析;(2)在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)之上,對(duì)調(diào)查進(jìn)行分析提出了新8因素蛛網(wǎng)模型;(3)精心選擇了六家IT企業(yè),采用新8因素蛛網(wǎng)評(píng)價(jià)模型進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析,總結(jié)了中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化的三種路線及優(yōu)劣勢(shì);(4)據(jù)此提出中方外派資源能力、海外本地化資源能力、研發(fā)能力這三個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),這三點(diǎn)決定了中國(guó)IT企業(yè)國(guó)際化程度的高低;(5)對(duì)政府政策建議外,著重提出了 IT企業(yè)制定戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃、海外人才培養(yǎng)等7條具體措施。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economic globalization, a fundamental change is taking place in the world economy. "International competition domestically, domestic competition internationalization" has become the major trend of Chinese enterprises, especially in the field of IT. We can be pleased to see that many domestic enterprises have begun the country under the impetus of market competition and according to their own development strategy. At the same time, we should be sober to realize that the internationalization of Chinese enterprises has just started and has encountered many risks and problems, such as serious losses, cultural and institutional differences, trade barriers and so on. These all indicate that the internationalization of Chinese enterprises will not be smooth and the rough road is inevitable. In the process of internationalization, China's IT enterprises have been in the forefront, with successful experience and more failure lessons. These experiences and lessons need to be summarized and refined, which will bring reference and Enlightenment for more Chinese enterprises to participate in the global competition. Therefore, how to measure the success of the internationalization of China's IT enterprises is a present one. The main purpose of the qualitative research is to find out the key index system suitable for the measurement of the internationalization of Chinese IT enterprises. The research is divided into the following: the literature tracking (second chapters and fourth chapters), the individual practice (sixth chapter), the questionnaire survey (fifth chapters), and the case study. The research (sixth chapter) is used to find the main measure factor set. The main purpose of the quantitative study is to determine the factors of the internationalization of Chinese IT enterprises and establish the model. The research here is divided into the case measurement analysis (fifth chapters), the statistical analysis of the main measure variables (fifth chapters), the final factors through statistical regression and test, and the establishment of a new 8 cause. The vegetarian cobweb model (fifth chapter), selected six typical IT enterprises to carry out empirical analysis (sixth chapter), in order to verify the validity of the model, and find different international routes, and then put forward relevant strategies and suggestions. This article contains eight chapters. The first chapter is the introduction part, first introduces the macro background of the content of this paper, and introduces the middle part of the study. The basic situation of the internationalization of Chinese enterprises leads to the problem of this study and the significance of the research content. It shows the readers the research ideas and the content frame structure, and then introduces the main research methods and innovation points of this article. The second chapter outlines the research results of the domestic and foreign scholars in the enterprise internationalization. First, This paper introduces the research achievements of international scholars on the related theories of enterprise internationalization, such as the theory of international trade and the theory of international product life cycle. Secondly, it gives a detailed introduction and summary of the research achievements of the scholars in the developing countries on the theory of internationalization of related enterprises and the theory of stage development. Finally, This paper summarizes the research results at home and abroad, reviews the current research situation at home and abroad and makes a comparison, and pave the way for the follow-up research in this article. The third chapter makes a thorough research on the development process of global enterprise internationalization. First, it explores the development process of the internationalization of enterprises in western developed countries with the main line of the three scientific and technological revolution. The study summarizes and reviews the influence of the three scientific and technological revolution on the development of enterprise internationalization. Then it introduces the internationalization process of Chinese enterprises. Through the starting stage, the strengthening stage and the three stages of the high-speed development stage, the basic path of the internationalization of Chinese enterprises since the reform and opening up is presented. The fourth chapters are on the basis of the development of Chinese enterprises. The international measurement methods of international enterprises are introduced at the present stage, and the development of the measurement method of enterprise internationalization is also reviewed. Especially, the elaboration of the N factor's spider web model is particularly detailed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the measurement of the internationalization degree of the later Chinese IT enterprises. The fifth chapter is on the internationalization of China's IT enterprises. The influencing factors are analyzed in depth. First, we analyze the factors affecting the internationalization of Chinese enterprises on the macro level, and then analyze the factors affecting the internationalization of Chinese IT enterprises from the micro level. The final results show that the 8 factors from the internal and external factors have an important impact on the internationalization of the enterprises, whether it is the enterprise. The industry itself or the national government, when formulating the policy and strategy of enterprise internationalization management, we should consider comprehensively and comprehensively evaluate the role of these factors, make the policy and policy more effective, establish and optimize the new 8 factors cobweb model. The sixth chapter is the case analysis part, and selected six IT Enterprises in China as a case to its internationalization. The development situation is analyzed, and the international level of each case is measured on the basis of the contents of the fourth and fifth chapters. Through the calculation of the new N factor cobweb model, it is found that different enterprises have different internationalized development course, and there are different international development strategies, and the result of International development is also the result. The seventh chapter is a part of the policy proposal. According to the research content above, the problems embodied in the internationalization process of Chinese IT enterprises are summarized and summarized, and some problems and shortcomings are pointed out in the process of internationalization of Chinese IT enterprises, and the problems are given from the government level and the enterprise level to promote the rapid internationalization of the enterprises. The main creative work of this article is: (1) a few IT enterprises with the highest degree of internationalization of Chinese enterprises have been selected from the theoretical height according to their own experience in the field of business management, sales service, human resource management and so on. Carry on the depth anatomy, form the questionnaire of the Chinese enterprise internationalization factor, and carry on the investigation and analysis. (2) on the basis of the previous research, we put forward the new 8 factor cobweb model on the basis of the previous research; (3) carefully selected six IT enterprises, and adopted the new 8 factor network evaluation model for empirical analysis, and summed up the internationalization of Chinese enterprises. Three routes and advantages and disadvantages; (4) according to this, the Chinese foreign resources ability, overseas localization resources capacity, R & D capability are the three key points, and these three points determine the degree of internationalization of China's IT enterprises; (5) outside the government policy recommendations, we put forward 7 specific measures, such as the strategic planning of the enterprise system, and the training of overseas talents.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F49;F125

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