【摘要】：隨著人們對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的要求越來(lái)越高,電力市場(chǎng)的改革越來(lái)越深入,近年來(lái)可再生能源引起了人們的強(qiáng)烈關(guān)注。風(fēng)電作為一種主要的可再生能源得到越來(lái)越多的利用,風(fēng)力發(fā)電的總電量在電力系統(tǒng)中占據(jù)的比例越來(lái)越大。風(fēng)電由于其在投資成本,發(fā)電受到自然條件的強(qiáng)烈限制等等原因,其發(fā)電成本要高于普通的火電和水電成本。本文通過(guò)研究風(fēng)電的價(jià)格—綠色電價(jià)的競(jìng)價(jià)機(jī)制來(lái)促進(jìn)風(fēng)電的蓬勃發(fā)展。 本文在以往風(fēng)電研究的基礎(chǔ)上,但不拘泥于以往的風(fēng)電電力市場(chǎng)模式研究,而是從風(fēng)電成本測(cè)算與環(huán)境成本測(cè)算來(lái)向公眾展現(xiàn)風(fēng)電的高價(jià)以及火電的低價(jià)原因,使公眾對(duì)于可再生能源的高電價(jià)的形成原因有個(gè)更清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)。結(jié)合山東電網(wǎng)的電價(jià)的理論計(jì)算和實(shí)際電價(jià)的比較,最后對(duì)我國(guó)的目前的電力市場(chǎng)環(huán)境下的風(fēng)電發(fā)展提供一些建議。 (1)總結(jié)了國(guó)內(nèi)外綠色電力發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,國(guó)外對(duì)可再生能源電力的研究已經(jīng)有了不少成就,而國(guó)內(nèi)綠色能源的發(fā)展才剛剛起步。 (2)通過(guò)對(duì)風(fēng)電特性進(jìn)行研究,在風(fēng)電發(fā)電量基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)風(fēng)電成本進(jìn)行計(jì)算。得出風(fēng)電單位成本。計(jì)算風(fēng)電邊際成本主要包括風(fēng)電的投資建設(shè)成本,運(yùn)行維護(hù)成本,財(cái)務(wù)成本,機(jī)會(huì)成本。依據(jù)已有的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)算得出風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的邊際成本約為0.726元/KWh。 (3)對(duì)環(huán)境成本進(jìn)行計(jì)算。主要研究了環(huán)境成本計(jì)算方法,本文中使用直接成本法對(duì)環(huán)境成本進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算。在計(jì)算環(huán)境成本時(shí)使用了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的效用理論。得出環(huán)境成本約為0.399元/KWh。 (4)在風(fēng)電成本測(cè)算和以及環(huán)境成本測(cè)算基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行可再生能源發(fā)電(這里主要指風(fēng)電,包括光伏發(fā)電等)成本和傳統(tǒng)能源發(fā)電(火電、水電)成本的比較,有針對(duì)性的提對(duì)我國(guó)當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下促進(jìn)綠色電力發(fā)展的建議。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for environmental protection and the deepening reform of the electricity market, renewable energy has attracted strong attention in recent years. As a main renewable energy, wind power is used more and more, and the total power of wind power takes up more and more proportion in the power system. The cost of wind power generation is higher than that of ordinary thermal power and hydropower because of its investment cost and strong limitation of natural conditions. This paper studies the bidding mechanism of wind power price-green electricity price to promote the vigorous development of wind power. Based on the previous wind power research, but not confined to the previous wind power market model research, but from the wind power cost and environmental cost measurement to show the public the high price of wind power and the reasons for the low price of thermal power. To give the public a clearer understanding of the causes of high electricity prices for renewable energy. Combined with the theoretical calculation of the electricity price of Shandong power grid and the comparison of the actual electricity price, some suggestions are provided for the development of wind power under the current electricity market environment in China. The main contents are as follows: (1) the present situation of green power development at home and abroad has been summarized. There have been many achievements in the research of renewable energy power in foreign countries, but the development of green energy in China has just started. (2) the cost of wind power is calculated on the basis of wind power generation. The unit cost of wind power is obtained. The marginal cost of wind power mainly includes the cost of investment and construction, the cost of operation and maintenance, the cost of finance and the cost of opportunity. According to the available statistical data, the marginal cost of wind farm is calculated to be about 0.726 yuan / KWh.. (3) calculate the environmental cost. In this paper, the direct cost method is used to calculate the environmental cost. The utility theory of economics is used to calculate environmental costs. The environmental cost is about 0.399 yuan / KWh.. (4) on the basis of wind power cost calculation and environmental cost measurement, the cost of renewable energy generation (mainly wind power, including photovoltaic power generation, etc.) is compared with that of traditional energy generation (thermal power, hydropower). Some suggestions are put forward to promote the development of green electric power under the current economic environment of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61

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本文編號(hào)：2408603