中國家具出口問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-20 17:19
【摘要】：自改革開放以來,中國家具制造業(yè)取得了巨大發(fā)展,家具產業(yè)已初具規(guī)模。據國家統(tǒng)計局數(shù)據顯示,2007年中國家具工業(yè)的總產值達2416億元,躍居世界首位,成為全球家具的生產大國和制造中心。家具產業(yè)生產能力的增強也帶動了家具出口貿易的快速增長,家具產業(yè)已成為中國出口創(chuàng)匯的重要行業(yè)。2005年中國一躍成為世界第一大家具出口國。家具產業(yè)作為勞動密集型產業(yè),為中國提供了大量的就業(yè)崗位,出口創(chuàng)收利潤可觀,為中國的經濟增長做出了重大貢獻。但是,中國的家具行業(yè)還不成熟,在出口過程中還有許多問題有待解決,包括外部和內部均存在問題。因此,在經濟全球化背景下,研究我國家具的出口貿易中遇到的各種問題,繼續(xù)保持快速增長勢頭,具有很強的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文第一章,緒論部分是整個論文的理論指導思想,介紹了針對中國的國際貿易摩擦的宏觀背景,微觀背景及國內外研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢,并對相關的名詞進行解釋,為后面的文章展開做好鋪墊。從宏觀上講,現(xiàn)在中國已進入國際貿易摩擦的高發(fā)期,中國是當前受到貿易摩擦影響最大的國家。一方面中國出口收入可觀,在國際市場上的份額不斷擴大。并且出口產品也有最初的初級產品到目前大量的制成品；另一方面,中國的對外依存度依然很高,也意味著我國受到國際貿易摩擦的影響波動也很大。國內出口企業(yè)之間出現(xiàn)嚴重的惡性競爭,更為國外實施貿易摩擦提供可乘之機。微觀上,我國家具出口企業(yè)自2003年以來頻繁遭遇了來自歐美國家的貿易壁壘,包括傳統(tǒng)的反傾銷,337調查,特保調查,還有新興的綠色貿易壁壘,如雷斯法案,歐盟的木材條款。本章還詳細解釋了FSC認證的定義及現(xiàn)狀,相關數(shù)據表明我國當前的FSC認證率還很低,短時間內不能擺脫歐盟的綠色貿易壁壘。 論文第二章對中國家具的出口現(xiàn)狀進行了詳細的分析,主要有家具出口的發(fā)展,生產及出口情況,包括總體規(guī)模,商品結構,出口地分布,貿易方式等等,為接下來的理論分析做好數(shù)據鋪墊。中國家具的迅猛發(fā)展始于1979年十一屆三中全會,國家開始貫徹實施改革開放方針。之后,國家鼓勵外資機構來我國投資辦廠,帶來先進的生產技術。到20世紀末,中國家具業(yè)呈現(xiàn)空前的繁榮,也逐漸走上國際市場。中國家具產值占世界總產值的份額,由1983年的不足1%,到2003年達到兩位數(shù),再到2010年迫近30%�？傮w是呈穩(wěn)定快速增長的態(tài)勢。在產品構成上,木質家具仍然占比較多,約60%左右,金屬家具占20%多,同時,近幾年數(shù)據顯示,金屬及竹藤家具比例在擴大。在出口地分布上,歐美占據50%,但是這一比例在縮小,相反,對東盟,拉丁美洲,非洲的出口占比有所擴大。 論文的第三章指出了中國家具行業(yè)的出口面臨兩方面的問題。一是制約中國家具出口的外部問題,主要是反傾銷,綠色壁壘,匯率波動,出口退稅率下調等因素,其中重點分析FSC森林認證對中國家具業(yè)出口的影響；制約中國家具出口規(guī)模擴大的首要因素是貿易壁壘。繼2005年1月,美國對中國出口臥室木質家具征收4.9%至198%不等的反傾銷稅后；2005年11月,加拿大家具業(yè)提出特保調查申請,要求對中國家具征收3年的高額附加稅。此外,隨著原材料環(huán)保標準不斷提高,中國家具出口也將直接受到影響。2010年5月,歐盟委員會批準關于授予木制家具生態(tài)標簽標準的決議——2009/894/EC。此標準注重于產品的環(huán)保,旨在減少木制家具在其使用過程中對環(huán)境和人體健康的影響。由于其使用申請價格不菲,從而客觀上給木制家具業(yè)設置添加較高的“綠色壁壘”。2013年3月3日,歐盟將強制實施“木材及木制品規(guī)例和新環(huán)保設計指令”。該指令要求今后出口歐盟的木材生產加工銷售鏈條上的所有廠商,都必須獲得FSC(森林認證)的“身份證”,即必須提交木材來源地、國家及森林、木材體積和重量、原木供應商的名稱地址等證明木材來源合法性的基本資料。然而,到目前為止,全世界獲得認證的木材大約只有10%,而中國市場上能夠獲得認證的木材還不到1%。環(huán)保因素正成為國外技術壁壘的突出主題,對環(huán)保標準相對較低的我國家具出口將形成嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。本文重點介紹了FSC森林認證對世界林業(yè)及中國家具的影響,為中國家具行業(yè)指明方向。 此外,2010年7月1日出口退稅率下調政策推出,家具出口退稅由13%下調至11%或9%；8月23日加工貿易政策再次調整,17種家具被列入出口限制類商品�！都庸べQ易禁止類商品目錄》將以國產木材為原料生產的板材、家具等列入禁止出口之列。按照這一目錄中,以國產木材作原料生產的家具不允許出口,但以進口木材生產的家具則不在此列。隨著世界家具市場的不斷發(fā)展,中國的家具業(yè)正面臨著強勁的國際競爭壓力。東盟國家正在爭奪中國的中低檔家具市場份額;而歐美國家正在搶占中國高檔家具市場份額。 二是中國家具行業(yè)在出口過程中存在的自身問題,盲目抄襲,無品牌意識,出口市場過于集中等等。家具體現(xiàn)的美感與材料等,具有明顯的公開特征。一旦產品面世,其他廠商便可輕而易舉地進行仿制和改進。國內整個家具行業(yè),互相抄襲已經成為“風氣”：小廠仿大廠、大廠仿國外、同類企業(yè)互相仿。造成這種行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀的主要原因是：行業(yè)入行門檻低,設計研發(fā)人員短缺。 隨著國際市場的不斷開放,中國家具業(yè)已逐漸成為全球家具價值鏈的一部分。從價值鏈中不同環(huán)節(jié)的利潤分配情況來看,中國家具出口企業(yè)在整個生產網絡中主要采取OEM等加工貿易方式。種種狀況表明,中國家具產業(yè)仍處于產業(yè)鏈的低端,家具業(yè)正面臨著一場較高層次上的競爭。如何提高國際市場競爭力來實現(xiàn)新的產業(yè)增長,這將是一個迫在眉睫的問題。 論文第四章針對中國家具行業(yè)出口面臨的內外兩方面問題,提出了相應的對策： 在企業(yè)層面上,首先,推進產業(yè)升級,增加產品附加值。一方面可以遵循從OEM,向ODM,OBM方式的產業(yè)升級路徑,逐步改變OEM的加工貿易方式,向自主設計和創(chuàng)建自有品牌的方向發(fā)展不斷增加產品的附加價值。另一方面,中國家具出口企業(yè)要注重在品牌建設,營銷渠道拓展,新產品開發(fā)與設計等方面的知識轉移和吸收,提升經營管理能力,不斷向高附加值的戰(zhàn)略環(huán)節(jié)轉移。其次,優(yōu)化產品結構。在出口產品品種上,中國家具業(yè)應不斷優(yōu)化產品結構,在繼續(xù)強化木質家具主導出口地位的同時,鼓勵其他類型家具出口增長,尤其是金屬家具和竹藤制家具,這樣可以緩解木質家具原材料匱乏的問題。再次,開拓新的市場并且保住國內市場。 中國家具產業(yè)要從依賴某個國外目標市場轉向多個區(qū)域和國家,要在全球范圍內積極尋找和拓展新的目標市場,例如可以進一步開拓澳大利亞,東南亞和南美洲地區(qū)的家具市場。出口地區(qū)的多元化開發(fā),可以降低由于目標市場衰落所造成的出口風險,也可避免出口地區(qū)過于集中所引發(fā)的反傾銷,更有利于中國家具產業(yè)擴大生產規(guī)模達到規(guī)模效應. 隨著經濟發(fā)展水平的提高,擁有13億人口的中國國內市場潛力正在顯現(xiàn)。發(fā)達國家的家具企業(yè)已經發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個巨大市場,并紛紛借助中國取消家具進口關稅的機會,搶占中國國內家具高端市場,而同時,東南亞國家的家具商也已開始爭搶國內中低端家具市場份額。進口家具的快速增長迫使中國企業(yè)面臨更加激烈的競爭,也可以說整個家具行業(yè)面臨嚴峻考驗。面對13億人口的消費市場,中國家具企業(yè)不能放棄,必須轉變思路,首先要保住國內市場。相比國外企業(yè),本國企業(yè)更具有優(yōu)勢：更了解本國的文化、社會、法律等；更容易建立銷售渠道；更容易創(chuàng)建知名品牌。 從政府層面上說,首先規(guī)范行業(yè)標準,尤其是森林認證體系標準。促進家具行業(yè)的一體化；其次,要調整出口政策；再次,要增強政府的談判能力,努力尋求公平的外貿環(huán)境,加強與國際市場標準接軌,提高產品市場準入；最后,還要鼓勵企業(yè)進行綠色技術創(chuàng)新。 從行業(yè)協(xié)會層面上,一方面要對家具出口企業(yè)進行適當?shù)男姓深A。首先是要對家具出口企業(yè)的價格和數(shù)量進行監(jiān)控,對會員企業(yè)的家具出口價格進行協(xié)調,避免出現(xiàn)惡性的價格戰(zhàn)；其次要為會員企業(yè)提供各國的經濟政策變動情況,尤其是在貿易壁壘方面的傾斜,以便企業(yè)能及時作出調整；另外,當企業(yè)出口急劇增長或超過一定界限時,行業(yè)協(xié)會應該及時提醒企業(yè)引起重視,必要時可以根據進口國同類企業(yè)的反應,適當?shù)眠M行行政干預。另一方面,還要做好信息傳遞的工作,充分發(fā)揮紐帶作用。首先要及時向政府反映家具行業(yè)的形勢以及家具出口遇到的障礙,為企業(yè)爭取更多的政策和資金支持；其次要及時向企業(yè)提供國內外最新的供求信息,積極為企業(yè)拓展渠道。最后,我國家具協(xié)會還要加強與展會組織機構的溝通合作,為我國家具出口打造更好的平臺。 作者希望通過本文所作的研究,能夠為中國家具行業(yè)解決出口中的問題提供一些建議和幫助,從而使中國能夠長久保持世界家具出口強國的地位,使家具行業(yè)為中國經濟的增長的新的引擎。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's furniture manufacturing industry has made great progress, and the furniture industry has begun to take shape. According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, the total output value of China's furniture industry reached 241.6 billion yuan in 2007, ranking the first in the world and becoming a major producer and manufacturing center of furniture in the world. With the rapid growth of export trade, the furniture industry has become an important industry for China to earn foreign exchange. In 2005, China leaped to become the world's largest exporter of furniture. As a labor-intensive industry, the furniture industry has provided China with a large number of jobs and considerable profits from exports, making a significant contribution to China's economic growth. China's furniture industry is still immature, and there are still many problems to be solved in the export process, including external and internal problems. Therefore, under the background of economic globalization, it is of great practical significance to study the problems encountered in China's furniture export trade and continue to maintain a rapid growth momentum.
In the first chapter, the introduction part is the theoretical guidance of the whole paper. It introduces the macro-background, micro-background, research status and development trend of China's international trade frictions at home and abroad. It also explains the relevant terms and paves the way for the future articles. On the one hand, China's export earnings are considerable, and its share in the international market is expanding. Moreover, the export products also have the initial primary products to a large number of manufactured goods. On the other hand, China's dependence on foreign countries is still very high, which means that China has been subjected to. The impact of international trade frictions is also very volatile. Serious vicious competition between domestic export enterprises provides opportunities for foreign trade frictions. Micro-level, China's furniture export enterprises have frequently encountered trade barriers from European and American countries since 2003, including traditional anti-dumping, 337 investigations, special protection investigations, and new ones. This chapter also explains the definition and status quo of FSC certification in detail. The relevant data show that China's current FSC certification rate is still very low and can not get rid of the EU's green trade barriers in a short time.
The second chapter of the paper makes a detailed analysis of the export situation of Chinese furniture, mainly including the development of furniture export, production and export, including the overall scale, commodity structure, distribution of export places, trade methods, etc., to pave the way for the following theoretical analysis. After the implementation of the policy of reform and opening-up, the state encouraged foreign-funded institutions to invest in factories and bring in advanced production technology. By the end of the 20th century, China's furniture industry had an unprecedented prosperity and gradually entered the international market. In terms of product composition, wood furniture still accounts for more than 60%, metal furniture accounts for more than 20%. At the same time, recent data show that the proportion of metal and bamboo and rattan furniture is expanding. Latin America and Africa expanded their share of exports.
Chapter 3 of the paper points out that China's furniture export faces two problems. First, the external problems that restrict China's furniture export are mainly anti-dumping, green barriers, exchange rate fluctuations, export rebate rate reduction and other factors. Among them, the impact of FSC forest certification on China's furniture export is mainly analyzed. Following the 4.9% to 198% anti-dumping duties imposed by the United States on China's export of bedroom wooden furniture in January 2005, the Canadian furniture industry filed a special guarantee investigation in November 2005, demanding a three-year high surcharge on Chinese furniture. In addition, with the improvement of environmental protection standards for raw materials, China has been imposing a three-year surcharge on Chinese furniture. Furniture exports will also be directly affected. In May 2010, the European Commission approved a resolution on the award of eco-labelling standards for wooden furniture, 2009/894/EC. The standards focus on environmental protection and aim to reduce the impact on the environment and human health of wooden furniture in the course of its use. On March 3, 2013, the European Union will enforce the "Wood and Wood Regulations and the New Environmental Protection Design Directive". The Directive requires all vendors on the wood production, processing and marketing chain to be exported to the European Union in the future to obtain the FSC (Forest Certification) identity card. Submit basic information on the origin, country and forest, volume and weight of timber, name and address of log supplier to prove the legitimacy of timber sources. However, so far, only about 10% of the world's certified timber has been certified, while less than 1% of the timber in the Chinese market can be certified. Environmental factors are becoming a technological wall abroad. The prominent theme will pose a serious challenge to China's furniture exports with relatively low environmental standards. This paper focuses on the impact of FSC forest certification on world forestry and China's furniture industry, pointing out the direction for China's furniture industry.
In addition, on July 1, 2010, the export rebate rate was lowered from 13% to 11% or 9%, and on August 23, the processing trade policy was readjusted again, and 17 kinds of furniture were listed as restricted export commodities. According to this catalogue, furniture made from domestic wood is not allowed to be exported, but furniture made from imported wood is not. With the development of the world furniture market, China's furniture industry is facing strong international competition pressure. The market share of China's high-end furniture is being grabbed.
Second, the Chinese furniture industry in the export process of their own problems, blindly plagiarism, no brand awareness, the export market is too centralized and so on. Furniture embodies the aesthetic feeling and materials, has obvious public characteristics. Once the product comes out, other manufacturers can easily copy and improve. It has become a "trend": small factories imitate large factories, large factories imitate foreign countries, similar enterprises imitate each other. The main reasons for this industry status are: low entry threshold, shortage of design and research personnel.
With the continuous opening of the international market, China's furniture industry has gradually become a part of the global furniture value chain. According to the profit distribution of different links in the value chain, China's furniture export enterprises mainly adopt OEM and other processing trade methods in the whole production network. The furniture industry is facing a higher level of competition. How to improve the competitiveness of the international market to achieve new industrial growth, this will be an urgent problem.
Chapter 4 puts forward the corresponding countermeasures to the internal and external problems faced by the export of Chinese furniture industry.
On the enterprise level, first of all, we should promote industrial upgrading and increase the added value of products. On the one hand, we can follow the path of industrial upgrading from OEM to ODM and OBM, gradually change the processing and trade mode of OEM, and develop and increase the added value of products in the direction of independent design and creation of our own brands. Second, optimize the product structure. In terms of export products, the Chinese furniture industry should constantly optimize the product structure and continue to strengthen the export of wood furniture. At the same time, we should encourage the export growth of other types of furniture, especially metal furniture and bamboo and rattan furniture, so as to alleviate the shortage of raw materials for wooden furniture.
China's furniture industry should shift from relying on a foreign target market to multiple regions and countries, and actively seek and expand new target markets globally, such as Australia, Southeast Asia and South America. The export risk can also avoid the anti-dumping caused by the over-concentration of export areas, which is more conducive to expanding the scale of production of China's furniture industry to achieve economies of scale.
Furniture companies in developed countries have discovered this huge market and have taken advantage of China's abolition of furniture import tariffs to seize the high-end domestic furniture market. At the same time, furniture manufacturers in Southeast Asian countries have begun to compete. The rapid growth of imported furniture has forced Chinese enterprises to face more fierce competition, or the entire furniture industry is facing a severe test. In the face of the 1.3 billion people's consumption market, Chinese furniture enterprises can not give up, must change their thinking, first of all, to maintain the domestic market. More advantages: better understanding of the country's culture, society, law, etc., easier to establish sales channels, easier to create well-known brands.
From the government level, first of all, standardize the industry standards, especially the forest certification system standards, promote the integration of the furniture industry; secondly, adjust the export policy; thirdly, strengthen the government's negotiation ability, strive to seek a fair foreign trade environment, strengthen the international market standards, improve product market access; finally, encourage Enterprises carry out green technological innovation.
At the level of trade association, on the one hand, we should intervene in furniture export enterprises properly. Firstly, we should monitor the price and quantity of furniture export enterprises, coordinate the price of furniture export of member enterprises and avoid a vicious price war; secondly, we should provide members with the changes of economic policies in various countries, especially in the case of member enterprises. In addition, trade associations should promptly remind enterprises to pay attention to the sharp growth of their exports or exceed certain boundaries. If necessary, administrative intervention can be appropriately carried out according to the reaction of similar enterprises in the importing country. On the other hand, information transmission should be done well. First of all, the government should timely reflect the situation of the furniture industry and the obstacles encountered in furniture export, and strive for more policy and financial support for enterprises; secondly, timely provide enterprises with the latest supply and demand information at home and abroad, and actively expand channels for enterprises. The communication and cooperation of the exhibition organization will create a better platform for our furniture export.
The author hopes that the research in this paper can provide some suggestions and help for China's furniture industry to solve the export problems, so that China can maintain the status of the world's furniture exporting power for a long time and make the furniture industry a new engine for China's economic growth.
【學位授予單位】：東北財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.88;F752.62
本文編號：2194405
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's furniture manufacturing industry has made great progress, and the furniture industry has begun to take shape. According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, the total output value of China's furniture industry reached 241.6 billion yuan in 2007, ranking the first in the world and becoming a major producer and manufacturing center of furniture in the world. With the rapid growth of export trade, the furniture industry has become an important industry for China to earn foreign exchange. In 2005, China leaped to become the world's largest exporter of furniture. As a labor-intensive industry, the furniture industry has provided China with a large number of jobs and considerable profits from exports, making a significant contribution to China's economic growth. China's furniture industry is still immature, and there are still many problems to be solved in the export process, including external and internal problems. Therefore, under the background of economic globalization, it is of great practical significance to study the problems encountered in China's furniture export trade and continue to maintain a rapid growth momentum.
In the first chapter, the introduction part is the theoretical guidance of the whole paper. It introduces the macro-background, micro-background, research status and development trend of China's international trade frictions at home and abroad. It also explains the relevant terms and paves the way for the future articles. On the one hand, China's export earnings are considerable, and its share in the international market is expanding. Moreover, the export products also have the initial primary products to a large number of manufactured goods. On the other hand, China's dependence on foreign countries is still very high, which means that China has been subjected to. The impact of international trade frictions is also very volatile. Serious vicious competition between domestic export enterprises provides opportunities for foreign trade frictions. Micro-level, China's furniture export enterprises have frequently encountered trade barriers from European and American countries since 2003, including traditional anti-dumping, 337 investigations, special protection investigations, and new ones. This chapter also explains the definition and status quo of FSC certification in detail. The relevant data show that China's current FSC certification rate is still very low and can not get rid of the EU's green trade barriers in a short time.
The second chapter of the paper makes a detailed analysis of the export situation of Chinese furniture, mainly including the development of furniture export, production and export, including the overall scale, commodity structure, distribution of export places, trade methods, etc., to pave the way for the following theoretical analysis. After the implementation of the policy of reform and opening-up, the state encouraged foreign-funded institutions to invest in factories and bring in advanced production technology. By the end of the 20th century, China's furniture industry had an unprecedented prosperity and gradually entered the international market. In terms of product composition, wood furniture still accounts for more than 60%, metal furniture accounts for more than 20%. At the same time, recent data show that the proportion of metal and bamboo and rattan furniture is expanding. Latin America and Africa expanded their share of exports.
Chapter 3 of the paper points out that China's furniture export faces two problems. First, the external problems that restrict China's furniture export are mainly anti-dumping, green barriers, exchange rate fluctuations, export rebate rate reduction and other factors. Among them, the impact of FSC forest certification on China's furniture export is mainly analyzed. Following the 4.9% to 198% anti-dumping duties imposed by the United States on China's export of bedroom wooden furniture in January 2005, the Canadian furniture industry filed a special guarantee investigation in November 2005, demanding a three-year high surcharge on Chinese furniture. In addition, with the improvement of environmental protection standards for raw materials, China has been imposing a three-year surcharge on Chinese furniture. Furniture exports will also be directly affected. In May 2010, the European Commission approved a resolution on the award of eco-labelling standards for wooden furniture, 2009/894/EC. The standards focus on environmental protection and aim to reduce the impact on the environment and human health of wooden furniture in the course of its use. On March 3, 2013, the European Union will enforce the "Wood and Wood Regulations and the New Environmental Protection Design Directive". The Directive requires all vendors on the wood production, processing and marketing chain to be exported to the European Union in the future to obtain the FSC (Forest Certification) identity card. Submit basic information on the origin, country and forest, volume and weight of timber, name and address of log supplier to prove the legitimacy of timber sources. However, so far, only about 10% of the world's certified timber has been certified, while less than 1% of the timber in the Chinese market can be certified. Environmental factors are becoming a technological wall abroad. The prominent theme will pose a serious challenge to China's furniture exports with relatively low environmental standards. This paper focuses on the impact of FSC forest certification on world forestry and China's furniture industry, pointing out the direction for China's furniture industry.
In addition, on July 1, 2010, the export rebate rate was lowered from 13% to 11% or 9%, and on August 23, the processing trade policy was readjusted again, and 17 kinds of furniture were listed as restricted export commodities. According to this catalogue, furniture made from domestic wood is not allowed to be exported, but furniture made from imported wood is not. With the development of the world furniture market, China's furniture industry is facing strong international competition pressure. The market share of China's high-end furniture is being grabbed.
Second, the Chinese furniture industry in the export process of their own problems, blindly plagiarism, no brand awareness, the export market is too centralized and so on. Furniture embodies the aesthetic feeling and materials, has obvious public characteristics. Once the product comes out, other manufacturers can easily copy and improve. It has become a "trend": small factories imitate large factories, large factories imitate foreign countries, similar enterprises imitate each other. The main reasons for this industry status are: low entry threshold, shortage of design and research personnel.
With the continuous opening of the international market, China's furniture industry has gradually become a part of the global furniture value chain. According to the profit distribution of different links in the value chain, China's furniture export enterprises mainly adopt OEM and other processing trade methods in the whole production network. The furniture industry is facing a higher level of competition. How to improve the competitiveness of the international market to achieve new industrial growth, this will be an urgent problem.
Chapter 4 puts forward the corresponding countermeasures to the internal and external problems faced by the export of Chinese furniture industry.
On the enterprise level, first of all, we should promote industrial upgrading and increase the added value of products. On the one hand, we can follow the path of industrial upgrading from OEM to ODM and OBM, gradually change the processing and trade mode of OEM, and develop and increase the added value of products in the direction of independent design and creation of our own brands. Second, optimize the product structure. In terms of export products, the Chinese furniture industry should constantly optimize the product structure and continue to strengthen the export of wood furniture. At the same time, we should encourage the export growth of other types of furniture, especially metal furniture and bamboo and rattan furniture, so as to alleviate the shortage of raw materials for wooden furniture.
China's furniture industry should shift from relying on a foreign target market to multiple regions and countries, and actively seek and expand new target markets globally, such as Australia, Southeast Asia and South America. The export risk can also avoid the anti-dumping caused by the over-concentration of export areas, which is more conducive to expanding the scale of production of China's furniture industry to achieve economies of scale.
Furniture companies in developed countries have discovered this huge market and have taken advantage of China's abolition of furniture import tariffs to seize the high-end domestic furniture market. At the same time, furniture manufacturers in Southeast Asian countries have begun to compete. The rapid growth of imported furniture has forced Chinese enterprises to face more fierce competition, or the entire furniture industry is facing a severe test. In the face of the 1.3 billion people's consumption market, Chinese furniture enterprises can not give up, must change their thinking, first of all, to maintain the domestic market. More advantages: better understanding of the country's culture, society, law, etc., easier to establish sales channels, easier to create well-known brands.
From the government level, first of all, standardize the industry standards, especially the forest certification system standards, promote the integration of the furniture industry; secondly, adjust the export policy; thirdly, strengthen the government's negotiation ability, strive to seek a fair foreign trade environment, strengthen the international market standards, improve product market access; finally, encourage Enterprises carry out green technological innovation.
At the level of trade association, on the one hand, we should intervene in furniture export enterprises properly. Firstly, we should monitor the price and quantity of furniture export enterprises, coordinate the price of furniture export of member enterprises and avoid a vicious price war; secondly, we should provide members with the changes of economic policies in various countries, especially in the case of member enterprises. In addition, trade associations should promptly remind enterprises to pay attention to the sharp growth of their exports or exceed certain boundaries. If necessary, administrative intervention can be appropriately carried out according to the reaction of similar enterprises in the importing country. On the other hand, information transmission should be done well. First of all, the government should timely reflect the situation of the furniture industry and the obstacles encountered in furniture export, and strive for more policy and financial support for enterprises; secondly, timely provide enterprises with the latest supply and demand information at home and abroad, and actively expand channels for enterprises. The communication and cooperation of the exhibition organization will create a better platform for our furniture export.
The author hopes that the research in this paper can provide some suggestions and help for China's furniture industry to solve the export problems, so that China can maintain the status of the world's furniture exporting power for a long time and make the furniture industry a new engine for China's economic growth.
【學位授予單位】：東北財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.88;F752.62
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