發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-28 00:34

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 鐵路建筑企業(yè) 中鐵五局 發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃 戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)建筑行業(yè)正處于發(fā)展的新時(shí)期,給鐵路建筑企業(yè)的發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)了機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。隨著國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)增速的放緩,建筑產(chǎn)品的逐步飽和,以及“7·23”溫州動(dòng)車事故后鐵路市場(chǎng)的急速下滑,使中鐵五局等主要依賴鐵路市場(chǎng)的大型國(guó)有建筑企業(yè)陷入了困境,帶來(lái)了市場(chǎng)萎縮、規(guī)模下滑、資金緊張和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不靈等生存壓力。在未來(lái)幾年鐵路等基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)投資規(guī)模在經(jīng)歷峰值以后可能出現(xiàn)拐點(diǎn),然后下行,而同時(shí)鐵路市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)卻日益激烈,利潤(rùn)空間在不斷壓縮。在低迷中渡難關(guān)、在轉(zhuǎn)型中求生存、在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中求發(fā)展,成為中鐵五局等老牌鐵路基建企業(yè)不容忽視的重大命題。 發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略是企業(yè)生存與發(fā)展的主導(dǎo)問(wèn)題,也是企業(yè)核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的重要保證。面對(duì)當(dāng)前復(fù)雜多變的建筑行業(yè)形勢(shì)和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的外部環(huán)境所帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn),中鐵五局與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整,制定科學(xué)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,是企業(yè)求生存、謀發(fā)展的迫切要求和必然選擇。因此,結(jié)合當(dāng)前鐵路建筑企業(yè)的特點(diǎn)和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)中鐵五局發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃和戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施中的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題展開研究,對(duì)于提升企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)和國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展,具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文將中鐵五局(集團(tuán))有限公司發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略作為研究對(duì)象,以企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略理論為基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)對(duì)集團(tuán)公司多年的數(shù)據(jù)資料的收集整理,結(jié)合大量的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)走訪調(diào)研,綜合運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、PEST分析模型和SWOT分析等戰(zhàn)略管理工具,分析了中鐵五局內(nèi)外部環(huán)境、擁有的戰(zhàn)略資源及核心能力,總結(jié)了企業(yè)具備的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)、面臨的機(jī)遇和威脅,在此基礎(chǔ)上制定了中鐵五局集團(tuán)2013至2020年的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)和戰(zhàn)略模式,明確了戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施的重點(diǎn)和支撐條件,并提出了提升中鐵五局集團(tuán)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力的建議。本文的研究結(jié)論包括： (1)通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)宏觀環(huán)境和建筑業(yè)細(xì)分市場(chǎng)的綜合分析,得出中鐵五局擁有“鐵路建設(shè)市場(chǎng)仍將保持一定規(guī)模、公路建設(shè)市場(chǎng)將持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)、地鐵與輕軌等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)迅速增長(zhǎng)、國(guó)際市場(chǎng)進(jìn)一步開發(fā)”等發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì),同時(shí)面臨著“行業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)模式改變帶來(lái)的管理問(wèn)題、建筑市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、建筑材料價(jià)格提升、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)程度加劇、進(jìn)軍國(guó)際市場(chǎng)及房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)的不確定性”等威脅； (2)通過(guò)對(duì)集團(tuán)公司內(nèi)部環(huán)境的綜合分析,得出中鐵五局具備著專業(yè)和品牌綜合優(yōu)勢(shì)、資源和資產(chǎn)優(yōu)勢(shì)、產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)優(yōu)勢(shì)、企業(yè)文化優(yōu)勢(shì)等有利條件,同時(shí)存在著企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)不盡合理、企業(yè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)有待調(diào)整、企業(yè)整體管理水平有待提升、企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行質(zhì)量不高、人才結(jié)構(gòu)不夠合理等劣勢(shì)和不足； (3)中鐵五局目前的經(jīng)營(yíng)實(shí)踐屬于多元化增長(zhǎng)戰(zhàn)略,涉足多個(gè)行業(yè)但多元化程度較低,同時(shí)中鐵五局也在向國(guó)際化發(fā)展,但目前的規(guī)模不是很大,主要集中在相對(duì)落后的非洲和中亞地區(qū)。根據(jù)中鐵五局的實(shí)際情況,適宜采用的經(jīng)營(yíng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略是“有限相關(guān)多元化戰(zhàn)略”和“國(guó)際化戰(zhàn)略”,應(yīng)考慮業(yè)務(wù)的適度多元化,尋找和加大對(duì)盈利能力好、回報(bào)高的行業(yè)如海外業(yè)務(wù)板塊的關(guān)注和投入,提高企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益； (4)中鐵五局集團(tuán)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施應(yīng)以科學(xué)發(fā)展、可持續(xù)發(fā)展為主題,以加快轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式為主線,以拓展市場(chǎng)、強(qiáng)化管控、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)為主措,以人才建設(shè)、科技進(jìn)步為突破,突出抓好集約化經(jīng)營(yíng)管理,推進(jìn)企業(yè)發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)型、管理升級(jí)； (5)為了促進(jìn)中鐵五局集團(tuán)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施和戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn),應(yīng)對(duì)集團(tuán)公司重新進(jìn)行定位,健全和完善市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷、科技創(chuàng)新、項(xiàng)目管理、企業(yè)人才和文化管理等有力的戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施保障,不斷提升企業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略管理水平。
[Abstract]:The construction industry in our country is in a new period of development, has brought opportunities and challenges to the railway construction enterprise development and growth. With the slowdown in economic growth, building products gradually saturated, and the "7 - 23" Wenzhou accident after the rapid decline in the market of railway, China Railway five Bureau etc. mainly rely on the railway market the construction of large state-owned enterprises into a dilemma, brought a shrinking market, the scale of the decline, shortage of funds and poor functioning and survival pressures. The inflection point in the next few years the railway infrastructure investment might be experiencing peak, then down, while railway market competition is increasingly fierce, profit margins continue to compress in over. In the doldrums, survival in the transformation, in the competition and development, become a major topic of the five Bureau of China Railway and other old railway construction enterprises can not be ignored.
The development strategy is the dominant issue for the survival and development of enterprises, but also an important guarantee for the enterprise's core competitiveness. In the face of the current complex situation of construction industry and competitive external environmental challenges, China Railway five bureau with the strategic adjustment, formulate scientific development strategy, is the enterprise survival, development and the urgent requirement the inevitable choice. Therefore, according to the characteristics and current development of railway construction enterprise, research the key problems of the five Bureau of China railway development strategy planning and strategy implementation, to enhance the competitive advantage and international competitiveness, realize the enterprise long-term sustained, stable development, has important practical significance.
The five Bureau of China Railway (Group) Ltd. development strategy as the research object, with the enterprise strategic theory as the foundation, through to the group company for many years of data collection, combined with a large number of field visits to research, analysis on the integrated use of statistics, PEST analysis model and SWOT analysis of strategic management tool, analyzes the inside and outside of China Railway five bureau the Ministry of environment, strategic resources and core competence have, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and threats, on the basis of the development of the five Bureau of China Railway Group from 2013 to 2020 and the strategic objective, clear focus and support the implementation of the strategy, and puts forward to promote the five Bureau of China Railway Group competition the conclusions of this study include recommendations:
(1) through a comprehensive analysis of the macro environment and the domestic construction market, the China Railway five bureau with the railway construction market will still maintain a certain scale, the highway construction market will continue to grow, subway and railway infrastructure construction such as the rapid growth of the international market further development and other development opportunities, while facing "change the model of business management issues, the construction market risk, enhance the price of building materials, increase the level of competition, to enter the international market and the real estate market uncertainty and other threats;
(2) based on a comprehensive analysis of the internal environment of the group company, the China Railway five Bureau has a professional and comprehensive brand advantages, resources and assets, business advantage, enterprise culture advantages and favorable conditions, at the same time there are unreasonable industrial structure of enterprise products, enterprise organizational structure needs to be adjusted, the overall management level of enterprises to be to enhance the quality of economic operation, the enterprise is not high, personnel structure is not reasonable and the advantages and disadvantages;
(3) the current management practice of China Railway five bureau belongs to diversified growth strategy, in a variety of industries but the diversification degree is low, at the same time, China Railway five bureau is to the internationalization development, but the scale is not large, mainly concentrated in the relatively backward in Africa and Central Asia. According to the actual situation in iron five Bureau, suitable for use business development strategy is "limited related diversification strategy and international strategy, diversification should be considered for business, and to increase profitability, high return industries such as overseas business attention and investment, improve the economic efficiency of enterprises;
(4) the implementation of the development strategy of China Railway five bureau group should be based on scientific development, sustainable development as the theme, to accelerate the transformation of development as the main line, to expand the market, strengthen the control, adjust the structure of main measures, talent construction, the progress of science and technology as a breakthrough, give prominence to the intensive management, to promote the development of enterprise transformation, upgrading management;
(5) in order to promote the implementation of the development strategy of China Railway five bureau group and the strategic goals of the company to re positioning, improve and perfect marketing, technological innovation, project management, implementation of security strategy of enterprise talent and cultural management, powerful, and constantly improve the level of enterprise's strategic management.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F426.92;F272

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